Rapid evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma by detecting plasma exosomes with time-resolved fluorescence immunochromatographic test strips.

Time-resolved fluorescence immunochromatographic test strips (TRFIS) was developed for the rapid detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-specific plasma exosomes (hExos) by targeting the hExo-surface membrane protein glypican-3 (GPC3). The GPC3-TRFIS could directly detect plasma exosomes without the isolation and purification process, and the whole immunoassay could be completed within 15 min. The visual detection limit of GPC3-TRFIS was 3.

Multiple Magnetic Phase Transitions and Giant Refrigerant Capacity in a GdDyHoErTm High-Entropy Alloy.

Magnetocaloric high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have recently garnered significant interest owing to their potential applications in magnetic refrigeration, offering a wide working temperature range and large refrigerant capacity. In this study, we thoroughly investigated the structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of equiatomic GdDyHoErTm HEAs. The as-cast alloy exhibits a single hexagonal phase, a randomly distributed grain orientation, and complex magnetism.

Discovery of a Chimeric Polyketide Family as Cancer Immunogenic Chemotherapeutic Leads.

Discovery of cancer immunogenic chemotherapeutics represents an emerging, highly promising direction for cancer treatment that uses a chemical drug to achieve the efficacy of both chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Herein, we report a high-throughput screening platform and the subsequent discovery of a new class of cancer immunogenic chemotherapeutic leads. Our platform integrates informatics-based activity metabolomics for the rapid identification of microbial natural products with both novel structures and potent activities.

Non-surgery strategy versus hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with complete response after conversion therapy: a meta-analysis.

Background: There is ongoing debate surrounding the optimal therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients achieving complete response (CR) after conversion therapy. This meta-analysis compares the prognostic outcomes of non-surgery strategies with hepatectomy.

Methods: The systematic searches were conducted up to April 11, 2024, across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, analyzing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Integrative taxonomy of the genus Pseudoacanthocephalus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchida) in China, with the description of two new species and the characterization of the mitochondrial genomes of Pseudoacanthocephalus sichuanensis sp. n. and Pseudoacanthocephalus nguyenthileae.

Background: Acanthocephalans (thorny headed worms) of the genus Pseudoacanthocephalus mainly parasitize amphibians and reptiles across the globe. Some species of the genus Pseudoacanthocephalus also can accidentally infect human and cause human acanthocephaliasis. Current knowledge of the species composition of the genus Pseudoacanthocephalus from amphibians and reptiles in China is incomplete.

Combined immunohistochemistry of PRAME and p16 in the differentiation of melanocytic neoplasms, with a detailed focus on acral lesions.

Background: Isolated immunohistochemical indicators are limited to diagnose melanocytic neoplasms. This retrospective study is to assess the diagnostic value of combined immunohistochemical analysis targeting preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and p16 in melanocytic neoplasms, with a detailed focus on arcal lesions.

Methods: This was a single center cohort study from January 2022 to June 2023.

Association between the geriatric nutritional risk index and postoperative delirium in gastric surgery patients: an analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: This study explores the correlation between nutritional status, as determined by the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) in patients undergoing gastric surgery.

Methods: Data were obtained from the MIMIC-IV 2.2 database for patients aged 18 years or older who underwent gastric surgery.

Potent prophylactic cancer vaccines harnessing surface antigens shared by tumour cells and induced pluripotent stem cells.

The development of prophylactic cancer vaccines typically involves the selection of combinations of tumour-associated antigens, tumour-specific antigens and neoantigens. Here we show that membranes from induced pluripotent stem cells can serve as a tumour-antigen pool, and that a nanoparticle vaccine consisting of self-assembled commercial adjuvants wrapped by such membranes robustly stimulated innate immunity, evaded antigen-specific tolerance and activated B-cell and T-cell responses, which were mediated by epitopes from the abundant number of antigens shared between the membranes of tumour cells and pluripotent stem cells. In mice, the vaccine elicited systemic antitumour memory T-cell and B-cell responses as well as tumour-specific immune responses after a tumour challenge, and inhibited the progression of melanoma, colon cancer, breast cancer and post-operative lung metastases.

Association between urinary volatile organic compounds metabolites and rheumatoid arthritis among the adults from NHANES 2011-2018.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is closely associated with environmental factors. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a common environment pollutant which can induce autoimmune diseases. However, studies on the relationship between VOCs and RA are still unclear.

RBM19 promotes the progression of prostate cancer under docetaxel treatment via SNHG21/PIM1 axis.

RBM family proteins plays the critical role in the progression of numerous tumors. However, whether RBM family proteins involved in prostate cancer (PCa) progression is remain elucidated. In our study, an RNAi screen containing shRNA library targeting 54 members of the RBM family was applied to identify the critical RBM proteins involved in prostate cancer progression under docetaxel treatment, and RBM19 was selected.

Squamous cell carcinoma predicts worse prognosis in stage IA (≤ 2 cm) non-small cell lung cancer patients following sublobectomy: a population-based study.

Recent studies recommend sublobectomy as a surgical approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors that are 2 cm or smaller. However, it remains unclear whether NSCLC patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have comparable outcomes to those with adenocarcinoma (ADC) following sublobectomy. To that end, this study aims to compare the survival outcomes between SCC and ADC in patients with stage IA NSCLC (≤ 2 cm) who have undergone sublobectomy.

Buried interface engineering towards stable zinc anodes for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

The dendrite and corrosion issues still remain for zinc anodes. Interface modification of anodes has been widely used for stabilizing zinc anodes. However, it is still quite challenging for such modification to simultaneously suppress zinc dendrites and corrosion issues.

Risk classification for non-cancer death in middle-aged cancer patients.

Introduction: Non-cancer events are important causes of competing mortality among cancer patients. However, the risk of non-cancer death and risk classification in middle-aged cancer patients is not clear. To comprehensively analyze the risk of non-cancer deaths in 24 different cancers among middle-aged patients.

Latent representation learning for classification of the Doppler ultrasound images.

The classification of Doppler ultrasound images plays an important role in the diagnosis of pregnancy. However, it is a challenging problem that suffers from a variable length of these images with a dimension gap between them. In this study, we propose a latent representation weights learning method (LRWL) for pregnancy prediction using Doppler ultrasound images.

Design, synthesis, antifungal, and antibacterial evaluation of ferulic acid derivatives bearing amide moiety.

Natural compounds' derivatives as lead structures could effectively solve plant disease problems. In this article, amide compounds and amide ester compounds were synthetized through ferulic acid as the parent nucleus structure, and their biological activities in vitro and in vivo were evaluated. Compound 1q was screened out as the one with the best activity performance toward Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.

Increased Expression of MST1 in Patients With Epilepsy and in a Rat Model of Epilepsy.

Mammalian sterile20-like kinase 1 (MST1), a serine/threonine kinase frequently expressed, has emerged as pivotal modulator of multiple physiological and pathological conditions such as cellular growth, programmed cell death, oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system. Various neurological diseases are associated with the activation of MST1. Epilepsy is a severe neurological disorder characterized by abrupt abnormal electrical activity in the brain and recurring spontaneous seizures.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of Pathogens from Cooked Donkey Meat Products in Beijing Area in One Health Context.

The prevalence of foodborne diseases has raised concerns due to the potential transmission of zoonotic bacterial pathogens through meat products. The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of pathogenic bacteria in cooked donkey meat products from Beijing. Twenty-one cooked donkey meat samples were collected from different delis, subjected to homogenization, and analyzed for bacterial contamination.

Neural Modulation Alteration to Positive and Negative Emotions in Depressed Patients: Insights from fMRI Using Positive/Negative Emotion Atlas.

Background: Although it has been noticed that depressed patients show differences in processing emotions, the precise neural modulation mechanisms of positive and negative emotions remain elusive. FMRI is a cutting-edge medical imaging technology renowned for its high spatial resolution and dynamic temporal information, making it particularly suitable for the neural dynamics of depression research.

Methods: To address this gap, our study firstly leveraged fMRI to delineate activated regions associated with positive and negative emotions in healthy individuals, resulting in the creation of the positive emotion atlas (PEA) and the negative emotion atlas (NEA).

Microstructures of Directionally Solidified NbTiFe Alloy and Its Hydrogen Permeation Properties in the Presence of HS.

Currently, the main limitations of Pd-coated Nb-TiFe dual-phase alloys include insufficient hydrogen permeability, susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement (HE), and poor tolerance of HS poisoning. To address these issues, this study proposes a series of improvements. First, a novel NbTiFe alloy composed of a well-aligned Nb-TiFe eutectic was successfully prepared using directional solidification (DS) technology.

Carbon Felts Uniformly Modified with Bismuth Nanoparticles for Efficient Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries.

The integration of intermittent renewable energy sources into the energy supply has driven the need for large-scale energy storage technologies. Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are considered promising due to their long lifespan, high safety, and flexible design. However, the graphite felt (GF) electrode, a critical component of VRFBs, faces challenges due to the scarcity of active sites, leading to low electrochemical activity.

Study of Thermalization Mechanisms of Hot Carriers in BABr-Added MAPbBr for the Top Layer of Four-Junction Solar Cells.

The hot carrier multi-junction solar cell (HCMJC) is an advanced-concept solar cell with a theoretical efficiency greater than 65%. It combines the advantages of hot carrier solar cells and multi-junction solar cells with higher power conversion efficiency (PCE). The thermalization coefficient () has been shown to slow down by an order of magnitude in low-dimensional structures, which will significantly improve PCE.

Machine Learning Models Decoding the Association Between Urinary Stone Diseases and Metabolic Urinary Profiles.

Employing advanced machine learning models, we aim to identify biomarkers for urolithiasis from 24-h metabolic urinary abnormalities and study their associations with urinary stone diseases. We retrospectively recruited 468 patients at Peking Union Medical College Hospital who were diagnosed with urinary stone disease, including renal, ureteral, and multiple location stones, and had undergone a 24-h urine metabolic evaluation. We applied machine learning methods to identify biomarkers of urolithiasis from the urinary metabolite profiles.

Enhancing Digestibility and Intestinal Peptide Release of Protein: An Enzymatic Approach.

is a tasty and low-calorie mushroom containing abundant high-quality protein. This study aims to improve the digestibility of protein (PEP) and hence to facilitate its development as a healthy alternative protein. The extracted PEP was pretreated with 1000-5000 U of papain, neutral protease and alkaline protease.