Synthesis and antibacterial study of anhydrotetracycline derivatives.

A novel and new type of tetracycline with a different mechanism of action was necessary, due to the drug resistance of existing tetracyclines. This study outlines the synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of anhydro-tetracycline derivatives, which are unconventional tetracyclines with unique mechanisms of action. These derivatives include C4-NH, C4-OH, and C9-substituted variations, and our synthetic approach focuses on semi-synthesis using natural tetracyclines as the starting precursors.

Hierarchical Porous Microspheres-Assisted Serum Metabolic Profile for the Early Diagnosis and Surveillance of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.

With the aging global population, the incidence of osteoporosis (OP) is increasing, putting more individuals at risk. Since postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) often remains asymptomatic until a fracture occurs, making the early clinical diagnosis of PMOP particularly challenging. In this work, the AuNPs-anchored hierarchical porous ZrO microspheres (Au/HPZOMs) is designed to assist laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) for the requirement of serum metabolic fingerprints of PMOP, postmenopausal osteopenia (PMON), and healthy controls (HC) and realize the early diagnosis and surveillance of PMOP.

Characteristic Polyphenols in 15 Varieties of Chinese Jujubes Based on Metabolomics.

Background: Jujube is a homologous herb of medicine and food, and polyphenols are key in determining the functional effects of jujubes.

Methods: In this study, characteristic polyphenols in 15 varieties of Chinese jujubes were investigated based on untargeted metabolomics.

Results: The results showed that a total of 79 characteristic polyphenols were identified in the 15 varieties of Chinese jujube, and 55 characteristic polyphenols such as syringetin, spinosin and kaempferol were reported for the first time.

Cognitive disorders: potential astrocyte-based mechanism.

Cognitive disorders are a common clinical manifestation, including a deterioration in the patient's memory ability, attention, executive power, language, and other functions. The contributing factors of cognitive disorders are numerous and diverse in nature, including organic diseases and other mental disorders. Neurodegenerative diseases are a common type of organic disease related to the pathology of neuronal death and disruption of glial cell balance, ultimately accompanied with cognitive impairment.

Dual-Engineered Phage Vaccine Platform Facilitates STING Activation for Influenza Protection.

Influenza epidemics remain a global public health challenge. Vaccination with nucleic acid-based vaccines, which trigger strong cellular and humoral immune responses, represents a promising approach for preventing virus infection. However, its effectiveness relies on efficient delivery and an immunoadjuvant.

Gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations.

Robotic versus laparoscopic intersphincteric resection for patients with low rectal cancer: Short-term outcomes.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term outcomes between laparoscopic intersphincteric resection (L-ISR) and robotic intersphincteric resection (R-ISR) for low rectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective clinical analysis between August 2018 and August 2021 at the Department Of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School.

Results: A total of 28 patients were recruited in this research.

The inhibition mechanism of NO generation in NH-SCR process by water vapor.

N₂O is a typical by-product in the NH-SCR process, which requires urgent resolution due to its negative economic and environmental impacts. This study investigates in detail the mechanism of NO generation on the surface of the Mn-Ce/TiO catalyst (Mn-Ce/TiO-ZS) with anatase {001} facets preferentially exposed. The deep oxidation of NH and *NH capture of NO via O were proved to be the dominant NO generation pathways.

Gut Microbiota as Mediator and Moderator Between Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Study.

Background: The impact of gut microbiome on hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the potential correlation between gut microbiome and HBV-related HCC and introduced novel machine learning (ML) signatures based on gut microbe to predict the risk of HCC.

Materials And Methods: A total of 640 patients with chronic liver diseases or HCC were prospectively recruited between 2019 and 2022.

Effect of soil-groundwater system on migration and transformation of organochlorine pesticides: A review.

Soil is the place where human beings, plants, and animals depend on for their survival and the link between the various ecological layers. Groundwater is an important component of water resources and is one of the most important sources of water for irrigated agriculture, industry, mining and cities because of its stable quantity and quality. Soil and groundwater are important strategic resources highly valued by countries around the world.

RPL36-mediated selective loading of miR-4432 into extracellular vesicles contributes to perivascular cell dysfunction in venous malformations.

Background: Venous malformations (VMs), predominantly arising from activating mutations of tyrosine kinase receptor TIE2 within endothelial cells (ECs), are characterized by dilated and tortuous vessels with a paucity of perivascular cells. The mechanisms of interaction between mutant ECs and perivascular cells remain largely elusive.

Objectives: To investigate the characteristics of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from VM ECs, especially their carried miRNAs and their roles in the crosstalk between ECs and perivascular cells in VM pathogenesis.

Overexpression Facilitates the Progression and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: In the present day, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a formidable threat to human health. Actin-related protein 10 () is related to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance. A comprehensive analysis of in HCC will further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance phenomenon, shedding light on potential therapeutic strategies for combating TKI resistance in HCC.

High Efficiency and Narrow-Band Green Emission in Eu and Mn Co-Doped NaMgAlO Phosphor for Backlight Display Application.

Wide color gamut display has become a new generation of display technology because of its good color saturation. However, the low quantum efficiency and wide half peak width of narrow-band green phosphors are still the main barriers in their development and application. This work addresses these challenges by using Mn as the luminescent center and constructing efficient Eu → Mn energy transfer in NaMgAlO (NMAO) matrix.

Baseflow and Coupled Nitrification-Denitrification Processes Jointly Dominate Nitrate Dynamics in a Watershed Impacted by Rare Earth Mining.

Mining activities cause severe nitrogen pollution in watersheds, yet our understanding of the transport pathways, transformation processes, and control mechanisms of nitrate (NO) in these areas is limited. Based on nearly 4-year observations of groundwater and river in China's largest ion-adsorption rare earth mining watershed, we revealed the dynamics of NO and its drivers using stoichiometry-based load model, molecular biological, and multi-isotope approaches. Results indicated that the NO dynamics were jointly controlled by sources (precipitation, terrestrial inputs, and sediment supply) and processes (hydrological and biological).

Metasurface with all-optical tunability for spatially-resolved and multilevel thermal radiation.

Manipulating the thermal emission in the infrared (IR) range significantly impacts both fundamental scientific research and various technological applications, including IR thermal camouflage, information encryption, and radiative cooling. While prior research has put forth numerous materials and structures for these objectives, the significant challenge lies in attaining spatially resolved and dynamically multilevel control over their thermal emissions. In this study, a one-step ultrafast laser writing technique is experimentally demonstrated to achieve position-selective control over thermal emission based on the phase-change material GeSbTe (GST).

Genipin-enriched chitosan-Zein nanoparticles for improved curcumin encapsulation.

Polysaccharide-protein nanocomplexes are considered one of the desired systems to encapsulate bioactive compounds. The study prepared chitosan (CS)/genipin (GP)/zein nanoparticles with chemical cross-linkage for encapsulating and releasing curcumin. Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrated that cross-linkage between molecules was attributed to electrostatic interactions and the formation of amido bonds and hydrogen bonding.

A European aerosol phenomenology - 9: Light absorption properties of carbonaceous aerosol particles across surface Europe.

Carbonaceous aerosols (CA), composed of black carbon (BC) and organic matter (OM), significantly impact the climate. Light absorption properties of CA, particularly of BC and brown carbon (BrC), are crucial due to their contribution to global and regional warming. We present the absorption properties of BC (b) and BrC (b) inferred using Aethalometer data from 44 European sites covering different environments (traffic (TR), urban (UB), suburban (SUB), regional background (RB) and mountain (M)).

Exploring the therapeutic potential of TRPC channels in chronic pain: An investigation into their mechanisms, functions, and prospects.

Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) channels have received more attention in recent years for their role of in the pathophysiology of chronic pain. These non-selective cation channels, which are predominantly present on cell membranes, play a pivotal role in regulating both physiological and pathological processes. Research advances have shown the critical role of TRPC channels in a variety of chronic pain, including neuropathic, inflammatory, and visceral pain.

A new species of Apecholinus Bernhauer, 1933 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae) from Mangshan, China.

A new species, Apecholinus speciosus Sun & Liu, sp. nov. collected from Mangshan, Hunan Province, China, is described.

Dissociation between area TE and rhinal cortex in accuracy vs. speed of visual categorization in rhesus monkeys.

In real-world vision, objects may appear for a short period, such as in conjunction with visual search. Presumably, this puts a premium on rapid categorization. We designed a visual categorization task cued by briefly presented images to study how visual categorization is processed in an ethologically relevant context.

Method for locating secondary circuit faults in substations based on graph neural networks.

To improve the accuracy and portability of fault location in secondary circuits of smart substations, a fault location method for secondary circuits based on graph neural networks is proposed. First, a fault analysis of the secondary circuits in smart substations is conducted, and a graph database model of the secondary circuits is constructed, revealing the connection relationships between the secondary devices. Then, the fault location problem in secondary circuits is defined as a graph classification problem, and a fault graph generation model is proposed based on a representation method for fault information in secondary circuits.