Tumor-specific delivery of clickable inhibitor for PD-L1 degradation and mitigating resistance of radioimmunotherapy.

Achieving selective and durable inhibition of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumors for T cell activation remains a major challenge in immune checkpoint blockade therapy. We herein presented a set of clickable inhibitors for spatially confined PD-L1 degradation and radioimmunotherapy of cancer. Using metabolic glycan engineering click bioorthogonal chemistry, PD-L1 expressed on tumor cell membranes was labeled with highly active azide groups.

Interoception primes negative emotion processing during cognitive reappraisal: Electroencephalographical evidence.

Interoception, which refers to sensing, interpreting, and integrating internal bodily signals, has been suggested to be associated with emotion regulation. Previous research has demonstrated individual differences in interoception and its impact on emotion regulation. However, the priming effect of interoception on emotion regulation and the underlying neural mechanisms remain unknown.

Risk stratification and overall survival prediction in extensive stage small cell lung cancer after chemotherapy with immunotherapy based on CT radiomics.

The prognosis of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer is usually poor. In this study, a combined model based on pre-treatment CT radiomics and clinical features was constructed to predict the OS of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer after chemotherapy with immunotherapy.Clinical data of 111 patients with extensive stage small-cell lung cancer who received first-line immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in our hospital from December 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected.

Innovative Applications of Pectin in Lipid Management: Mechanisms, Modifications, Synergies, Nanocarrier Systems, and Safety Considerations.

Pectin, a natural polysaccharide predominantly sourced from the cell walls of terrestrial plants, is widely regarded for its gelling, thickening, and stabilizing properties, which have extensive applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological industries. This review discusses the mechanistic pathways by which pectin mediates its lipid-lowering properties, such as pectin's antioxidant activity, the modulation of gut microbiota, its anti-inflammatory properties, its capacity to bind bile acids and cholesterol, and its impact on the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. To enhance its hypolipidemic properties, chemical, physical, and enzymatic modification techniques are explored.

Degradative solvent-catalyzed extraction of sewage sludge.

It is necessary for the further development of sludge degradative solvent extraction (DSE) to significantly increase the bio-oil yield and adjust its composition. In this study, the effects of MCM-41, HZSM-5, and SSZ-13 on the physical properties, yield, and composition of bio-oil were compared. Results show that all three catalysts effectively promote the conversion of volatiles in the residue to the heavy component (heavy-s).

[Retracted] MicroRNA‑539 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells by regulating IGF‑1R.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that certain of the Transwell invasion assay data shown in Fig. 2C on p. 4921 were strikingly similar to data that had already been submitted for publication in different form in another article written by different authors at a different research institute.

LncRNA-SERB promotes vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation and tumor metastasis in renal cell carcinoma.

A growing body of evidence shows that vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is closely related to the invasion and metastasis of many tumor cells. Although the estrogen receptor (ER) can promote initiation and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), how the downstream biomolecules are involved, and the detailed mechanisms of how ER expression is elevated in RCC remain to be further elucidated. Here, we discovered that long noncoding RNA (LncRNA)-SERB is highly expressed in tumor cells of RCC patients.

Correlation between bilateral GFR in patients with localized renal cancer after partial nephrectomy.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the residual glomerular filtration rate (GFR) on the operated side and the GFR on the contralateral side following partial nephrectomy (PN) in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Materials And Methods: Following institutional review board approval, we conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical records from May 2018 to July 2023, involving 118 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for unilateral localized kidney tumors (T1-T2). Glomerular filtration rate data were assessed using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography imaging [using 9mTc-DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) renal dynamic imaging].

A novel coagulation-related lncRNA predicts the prognosis and immune of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell cancer is associated with the coagulation system. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression is closely associated with the development of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The aim of this study was to build a novel lncRNA model to predict the prognosis and immunological state of ccRCC.

[Retracted] KIF22 promotes bladder cancer progression by activating the expression of CDCA3.

Following the publication of the above paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that certain of the colony formation assay data shown in Fig. 3A on p. 7 and the immunohistochemistry data in Fig.

FDC-SP as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and modulates immune infiltrates in renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), one of the top 10 causes of cancer death, is responsible for more than 90% of all cases of primary renal cancer worldwide. Follicular dendritic cell-secreted protein (FDC-SP) specifically binds to activated B cells and regulates the generation of antibodies. It is also thought to promote cancer cell invasion and migration, which could help with tumor metastases.

Acid-Ionizable Iron Nanoadjuvant Augments STING Activation for Personalized Vaccination Immunotherapy of Cancer.

The critical challenge for cancer vaccine-induced T-cell immunity is the sustained activation of antigen cross-presentation in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with innate immune stimulation. In this study, it is first discovered that the clinically used magnetic contrast agents, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), markedly augment the type-I interferon (IFN-I) production profile of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist MSA-2 and achieve a 16-fold dosage-sparing effect in the human STING haplotype. Acid-ionizable copolymers are coassembled with IONPs and MSA-2 into iron nanoadjuvants to concentrate STING activation in the draining lymph nodes.

Effects of kinesio taping therapy on gait and surface electromyography in stroke patients with hemiplegia.

The application of Kinesio Taping (KT) on the lower extremity of stroke patients can improve the quality of somatosensory information by activating lower extremity muscles involved in postural control. Gait analysis and surface electromyography (SEMG) are valuable in assessing the motor ability of the lower extremities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of KT therapy on gait and SEMG in stroke patients with hemiplegia.

Redox Dyshomeostasis with Dual Stimuli-Activatable Dihydroartemisinin Nanoparticles to Potentiate Ferroptotic Therapy of Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly lethal and resistant to conventional therapies, including chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapy. In this study, it is first determined that a combination of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and RSL-3 (a glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor) markedly induced ferroptosis of PDAC tumor cells. A mechanistic study revealed that DHA can react with iron ions to generate carbon radicals and deplete intracellular glutathione, thereby cumulatively triggering the lipid peroxidation of tumor cells with RSL-3-mediated GPX4 inhibition.

Self-Cooperative Prodrug Nanovesicles Migrate Immune Evasion to Potentiate Chemoradiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer.

Chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care for the clinical treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancers. However, the combination of ion radiation with free chemotherapeutics yields unsatisfactory therapeutic output and severe side effects due to the nonspecific biodistribution of the anticancer drugs. Herein, a self-cooperative prodrug nanovesicle is reported for highly tumor-specific chemoradiotherapy.

Dual-targeting prodrug nanotheranostics for NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging-guided photo-immunotherapy of glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) therapy is severely impaired by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and invasive tumor growth in the central nervous system. To improve GBM therapy, we herein presented a dual-targeting nanotheranostic for second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging-guided photo-immunotherapy. Firstly, a NIR-Ⅱ fluorophore MRP bearing donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) backbone was synthesized.

Sequentially Activatable Polypeptide Nanoparticles for Combinatory Photodynamic Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer.

Stimuli-activatable nanomaterials hold significant promise for tumor-specific drug delivery by recognizing the internal or external stimulus. Herein, we reported a dual-responsive and biodegradable polypeptide nanoparticle (PPTP@PTX NP) for combinatory chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of breast cancer. The NPs were engineered by encapsulating diselenide bond linked dimeric prodrug of paclitaxel (PTX) in an intracellular acidity-activatable polypeptide micelle.

Bispecific prodrug nanoparticles circumventing multiple immune resistance mechanisms for promoting cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy is impaired by the intrinsic and adaptive immune resistance. Herein, a bispecific prodrug nanoparticle was engineered for circumventing immune evasion of the tumor cells by targeting multiple immune resistance mechanisms. A disulfide bond-linked bispecific prodrug of NLG919 and JQ1 (namely NJ) was synthesized and self-assembled into a prodrug nanoparticle, which was subsequently coated with a photosensitizer-modified and tumor acidity-activatable diblock copolymer PHP for tumor-specific delivery of NJ.

Engineered nanomedicines block the PD-1/PD-L1 axis for potentiated cancer immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy, in particular immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy targeting the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) axis, has remarkably revolutionized cancer treatment in the clinic. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy is designed to restore the antitumor response of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) by blocking the interaction between PD-L1 on tumour cells and PD-1 on CTLs. Nevertheless, current anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy suffers from poor therapeutic outcomes in a large variety of solid tumours due to insufficient tumour specificity, severe cytotoxic effects, and the occurrence of immune resistance.

A Copper-Based Biosensor for Dual-Mode Glucose Detection.

Glucose is a source of energy for daily activities of the human body and is regarded as a clinical biomarker, due to the abnormal glucose level in the blood leading to many endocrine metabolic diseases. Thus, it is indispensable to develop simple, accurate, and sensitive methods for glucose detection. However, the current methods mainly depend on natural enzymes, which are unstable, hard to prepare, and expensive, limiting the extensive applications in clinics.

Effect of EGCG on bronchial epithelial cell premalignant lesions induced by cigarette smoke and on its CYP1A1 expression.

Epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate (EGCG) has been demonstrated to exhibit anticancer effects; however, the mechanisms behind these are not yet clear. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of EGCG on smoking‑induced, precancerous, bronchial epithelial cell lesions and determine a potential protective mechanism. Human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells were treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE).