ppb-Level SO Photoacoustic Sensor for SF Decomposition Analysis Utilizing a High-Power UV Laser with a Power Normalization Method.

A highly sensitive sulfur dioxide (SO) photoacoustic gas sensor was developed for the sulfur hexafluoride (SF) decomposition detection in electric power systems by using a novel 266 nm low-cost high-power solid-state pulse laser and a high -factor differential photoacoustic cell. The ultraviolet (UV) pulse laser is based on a passive -switching technology with a high output power of 28 mW. The photoacoustic signal was normalized to the laser power to solve the fluctuation of the photoacoustic signal due to the power instability of the UV laser.

Language-Guided Semantic Clustering for Remote Sensing Change Detection.

Existing learning-based remote sensing change detection (RSCD) commonly uses semantic-agnostic binary masks as supervision, which hinders their ability to distinguish between different semantic types of changes, resulting in a noisy change mask prediction. To address this issue, this paper presents a Language-guided semantic clustering framework that can effectively transfer the rich semantic information from the contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) model for RSCD, dubbed LSC-CD. The LSC-CD considers the strong zero-shot generalization of the CLIP, which makes it easy to transfer the semantic knowledge from the CLIP into the CD model under semantic-agnostic binary mask supervision.

Preparation and Efficacy Evaluation of Antihyperuricemic Peptides from Marine Sources.

Marine-derived foods, often called blue foods, are promising sustainable alternatives to conventional food sources owing to their abundant amino acids and high protein content. Current treatments for hyperuricemia, a chronic condition attributed to purine metabolism disorders, are associated with various side effects. Novel peptide xanthine oxidase inhibitors have been discovered in the hydrolyzed products of marine fish and invertebrate proteins, which have demonstrated promising therapeutic potential by reducing uric acid levels in vitro and in vivo.

First Detection of a Novel Posavirus 2 Strain Identified from Pigs in China.

Porcine stool-associated RNA virus (Posavirus) is an unclassified virus with sequence similarity to viruses in the order of Picornaviridae. In China, lineage 1 Posavirus (Posavirus 1) has been circulating in the field since its initial emergence in 2014 however no other lineages have been reported. To investigate the genetic diversity of Posavirus in China, 1200 diarrheic samples were collected from pigs in China.

Study on the Influence of Au Content and Bonding Parameters on the Free Air Ball Morphology and Bonding Reliability of Ag-Au-Pd Alloy Wire.

This article conducts wire bonding tests and cold/hot-cycle tests using φ 0.025 mm Ag-Au alloy wires and Ag-Au-Pd alloy wires with different specifications. The results show that, due to the addition of the alloying element Pd, under the same bonding parameters, the fracture strength and ball-bonded point shear force of the Ag-Au-Pd alloy wires are significantly higher than those of the Ag-Au alloy wires.

Electrostatic MEMS Two-Dimensional Scanning Micromirrors Integrated with Piezoresistive Sensors.

The MEMS scanning micromirror requires angle sensors to provide real-time angle feedback during operation, ensuring a stable and accurate deflection of the micromirror. This paper proposes a method for integrating piezoresistive sensors on the torsion axis of electrostatic MEMS micromirrors to detect the deflection angle. The design uses a multi-layer bonding process to realize a vertical comb-driven structure.

How Will Concrete Piles for Offshore Wind Power Be Damaged Under Seawater Erosion? Insights from a Chemical-Damage Coupling Meshless Method.

Based on the background of the continuously rising global demand for clean energy, offshore wind power, as an important form of renewable energy utilization, is booming. However, the pile foundations of offshore wind turbines are subject to long-term erosion in the harsh marine environment, and the problem of corrosion damage is prominent, which seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of the wind power system. In view of this, a meshless numerical simulation method based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and a method for generating the concrete meso-structures are developed.

Relationship Between the Carbonation Depth and Microstructure of Concrete Under Freeze-Thaw Conditions.

Concrete structures in cold regions are affected by freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) and carbonation, which lead to the premature failure of concrete structures. The carbonation depth, relative dynamic elastic modulus (RDEM), compressive strength, porosity, and pore size distribution of concrete under FTC conditions were tested through an accelerated carbonation experiment to study the carbonation performance evolution. The freeze-thaw effect mechanism on concrete carbonation was further analyzed via the obtained relationship between carbonation depth and pore structure.

Antimicrobial Activity of Compounds Isolated from the Nest Material of (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Ants as social insects live in groups, which increases the risk of contagious diseases. In response to the threat of pathogens, ants have evolved a variety of defense mechanisms, including incorporating antimicrobial chemicals into nest material for nest hygiene. is an arboreal ant, building its nest using plant tissues.

Transposable Elements Contribute to the Regulation of Long Noncoding RNAs in .

: Transposable elements (TEs) and noncoding sequences are major components of the genome, yet their functional contributions to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are not well understood. Although many lncRNAs originating from TEs (TE-lncRNAs) have been identified across various organisms, their characteristics and regulatory roles, particularly in insects, remain largely unexplored. This study integrated multi-omics data to investigate TE-lncRNAs in , focusing on the influence of transposons across different omics levels.

Effects of Different Blood Flow Restriction Training Modes on Body Composition and Maximal Strength of Untrained Individuals.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of absolute cuff pressure blood flow restriction (A-BFR) training and incremental cuff pressure blood flow restriction (I-BFR) training, under equal cuff pressures, on body composition and maximal strength among untrained adults. Additionally, we aimed to compare these effects with those observed in high-load resistance training (HL-RT).

Methods: Thirty-three adults without prior professional sports or resistance training experience were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups ( = 11 per group) for an 8-week training program, held three times weekly.

A Study on the Mechanisms Influencing Older Adults' Willingness to Use Digital Displays in Museums from a Cognitive Age Perspective.

As older adults age, changes in their physiological, psychological, and cognitive functions often lead to inherent anxiety and fear regarding the use of digital technologies. Cognitive age, reflecting an older adult's mental perception of their chronological age, is a crucial moderating factor in shaping their willingness and behavior towards technology adoption. However, the mechanisms through which cognitive age impacts the behavior of older adults within the realm of digital technology utilization remain unclear.

Novel Eel Skin Fibroblast Cell Line: Bridging Adherent and Suspension Growth for Aquatic Applications Including Virus Susceptibility.

Suspension growth can greatly increase the cell density and yield of cell metabolites. To meet the requirements of aquatic industries, a culture model derived from skin was developed using the explant outgrowth and enzyme-digesting passaging methods. These cells were kept in vitro continuously for over 12 months and subcultured 68 times.

Impacts of Black Soldier Fly () Larval Meal on Intestinal Histopathology and Microbiome Responses in Hybrid Grouper ( ♀ × ♂): A Comprehensive Analysis.

This study examined the diversity and responses of intestinal microbiota in hybrid grouper ( ♀ × ♂) fed diets with varying levels of fishmeal replaced by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). The 10% BSFL substitution (BSFL10) group showed the highest levels of trypsin and amylase. Substituting fishmeal with 30% and 50% BSFL weakened the intestinal wall, resulting in vacuoles, sparse striatal boundaries, and fewer villi.

Identification of a dual JAK3/TEC family kinase inhibitor for atopic dermatitis therapy.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent eczematous lesions and severe itching, for which clinical treatments are limited. Selectively inhibiting Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3) and tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (TEC) family kinases is proposed as a promising strategy to treat AD with possible reduced side effects and enhanced efficacy. In this study, we developed a dual JAK3/TEC family kinase inhibitor ZZB, which demonstrated potent inhibitory activity with IC values of 0.

Surface display and characterization of recombinant α-l-Rhamnosidase from Emiliania huxleyi on Pichia pastoris.

An α-l-Rhamnosidase gene with an open reading frame of 3192 bp encoding a 1036-amino acid protein (EhRha) was cloned from Emiliania huxleyi for flavonoid hydrolysis on the cell surface of Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) strain GS115 by fusing with the anchor protein (AGα1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry assays revealed that EhRha was successfully displayed on the cell surface of P.

Epithelial immunotherapy for food allergy in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Traditional methods of treating allergies primarily revolve around avoiding allergens and promptly using rescue medications when allergic symptoms occur. However, this approach is known for its inefficiency and limited success in achieving long-term relief. Our aim was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of previously published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that explore the effectiveness and safety of epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) as a means to manage food allergies in children.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Combined with Antiangiogenic Agent Synergistically Improving the Treatment Efficacy for Solid Tumors.

In recent years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with antiangiogenic agents has led to significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment. Such as programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). Antiangiogenic therapy plays a pivotal role in normalizing blood vessels and remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment while ICIs not only enhance the host's antitumor immune response by blocking negative regulatory signals but also promote vascular normalization.

Innovative Mechanical Processing of Adipose Tissue: A Comparative Evaluation of Microfat and Concentrated Micronized Fat for Superficial Fat Grafting.

Background: Superficial autologous fat grafting is widely used for facial rejuvenation and regenerative treatments, yet its retention rate remains unpredictable. Enhancing the concentration of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has been shown to improve graft retention. Mechanical fat processing techniques can reduce fat granules size for superficial injection as well as elevate the concentration of ASCs.

Characterizing progenitor cells in developing and injured spinal cord: Insights from single-nucleus transcriptomics and lineage tracing.

Various mature tissue-resident cells exhibit progenitor characteristics following injury. However, the existence of endogenous stem cells with multiple lineage potentials in the adult spinal cord remains a compelling area of research. In this study, we present a cross-species investigation that extends from development to injury.

Pregnancy and Nursing Management for Embryo-Transferred and Genetically Modified Rabbits.

With the advancement of scientific research, the demand for gene-edited rabbit models is increasing. However, there are limited pregnancy and feeding management systems for gene-edited rabbits, leading to low survival rates among gene-edited rabbits prepared by many inexperienced researchers. Therefore, proper guidance is essential.

Advances in biomaterial-based tissue engineering for peripheral nerve injury repair.

Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical disease. Effective post-injury nerve repair remains a challenge in neurosurgery, and clinical outcomes are often unsatisfactory, resulting in social and economic burden. Particularly, the repair of long-distance nerve defects remains a challenge.

Recent advances in the role of mesenchymal stem cells as modulators in autoinflammatory diseases.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), recognized for their self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation capabilities, have garnered considerable wide attention since their discovery in bone marrow. Recent studies have underscored the potential of MSCs in immune regulation, particularly in the context of autoimmune diseases, which arise from immune system imbalances and necessitate long-term treatment. Traditional immunosuppressive drugs, while effective, can lead to drug tolerance and adverse effects, including a heightened risk of infections and malignancies.

Effect of icariin on ovarian cancer: a combined network pharmacology and meta-analysis of studies approach.

Introduction: An abundance of experimental evidence indicates that icariin (ICA) could potentially exert an anti-tumor effect on ovarian cancer (OC). Nevertheless, the reliability of this evidence remains ambiguous. This study aimed to explore the impact of ICA on OC and the underlying mechanisms.

Engineering the acoustic field with a Mie scatterer for microparticle patterning.

The utilization of acoustic fields offers a contactless approach for microparticle manipulation in a miniaturized system, and plays a significant role in medicine, biology, chemistry, and engineering. Due to the acoustic radiation force arising from the scattering of the acoustic waves, small particles in the Rayleigh scattering range can be trapped, whilst their impact on the acoustic field is negligible. Manipulating larger particles in the Mie scattering regime is challenging due to the diverse scattering modes, which impacts the local acoustic field.