Examining the Structure of Personality Dysfunction Among Individuals Involved in Mental Health treatment: A Registered Report.

Personality dysfunction is a core element of the diagnosis of personality disorders in both main diagnostic systems ( [5th ed.] Personality Disorders and [, 11th Revision] Personality Disorders). A recent study by Sleep et al.

Examining the structure of personality dysfunction.

Personality impairment is a core feature of personality disorders in both current (i.e., , fifth edition [] personality disorders, International ,11th revision personality disorders) and emerging (i.

Is Personality Pathology Ego-Syntonic? Self- and Meta-Perception of Maladaptive Personality Traits.

Research has challenged the assumption that personality pathology is "ego-syntonic" or perceived favorably and consistent with one's self-image. The present study employed a community sample ( = 401) to examine relations between self-rated maladaptive personality and liking of maladaptive traits in self and others as well as meta-perception of personality pathology (i.e.

Surveying veterans affairs mental health care providers on experiences working with veteran patients with antagonistic clinical presentations.

We surveyed = 84 mental health care providers (i.e., psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers) working across two Veterans Affairs health care sites about their experiences working with Veteran patients with antagonism-based clinical presentations (e.

Evidence-Based Assessment of Substance Use Disorder.

The current review describes updated information on the evidence-based assessment of substance use disorder. We offer an overview of the state of the science for substance-related assessment targets, instruments (screening, diagnosis, outcome and treatment monitoring, and psychosocial functioning and wellbeing) and processes (relational and technical) as well as recommendations for each of these three components. We encourage assessors to reflect on their own biases, beliefs, and values, including how those relate to people that use substances, and to view the individual as a whole person.

Examining the Therapeutic Effect of Ceremonial Ayahuasca on Narcissistic Personality and Antagonistic Externalizing in Adults.

Changes in narcissistic traits (e.g., entitlement) following the ceremonial use of ayahuasca were examined across three timepoints (baseline, postretreat, 3-month follow-up) in a sample of 314 adults using self- and informant-report ( = 110) measures.

Association of Multidimensional Schizotypy with PID-5 Domains and Facets.

The underlying vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is expressed across a continuum of clinical and subclinical symptoms referred to as schizotypy. Schizotypy is a multidimensional construct with positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions. The present study examined associations of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy with pathological personality traits and facets assessed by the Personality Inventory for (PID-5) in 1,342 young adults.

Welcome to the Jangle: Comparing the Empirical Profiles of the "Dark" Factor and Antagonism.

This study examines the congruency between the recently introduced (D) and Antagonism (A; low Agreeableness) from the Five-Factor Model of personality. Using two samples (s of 365 and 600), we examined simple zero-order correlations between D and A (s of .69 and .

The problems with Criterion A: A comment on Morey et al. (2022).

The alternative model of personality disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), introduced in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, represents a significant advancement in our understanding of personality disorders. Despite this advancement, nearly 10 years after its introduction, considerable debate remains regarding the conceptualization, operationalization, and ultimately the utility of personality impairment (i.e.

Distinguishing PTSD, complex PTSD, and borderline personality disorder using exploratory structural equation modeling in a trauma-exposed urban sample.

There is debate about the validity of the complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) diagnosis and whether disturbances in self-organization (DSO) in CPTSD can be differentiated from borderline personality disorder (BPD). How PTSD is defined may matter. The present study used exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) to replicate and extend prior work by including two models to examine how PTSD (ICD-11, DSM-5), DSO, and BPD symptoms relate.

Understanding individuals' desire for change, perceptions of impairment, benefits, and barriers of change for pathological personality traits.

Despite clinical theory suggesting that individuals are largely unaware of personality-related problems (Gallrein et al., 2013; Oltmanns & Powers, 2012); work in this area shows that individuals possess insight into their pathological traits and the impairment they may cause. Individuals generally dislike pathological traits and desire change in the direction of greater adaptivity (Lamkin et al.

Uncovering the structure of antagonism.

Despite the advances in our understanding of the structure of personality and psychopathology (see Kotov et al., 2017), less attention has been paid to empirically examining their underlying facet structure. To gain a more nuanced understanding of the structure of personality, it is important to identify empirically derived lower order structures of these trait domains; thus, the present study sought to examine the structure of antagonism as represented by items from commonly used measures of pathological personality traits.

DSM-5 alternative model for personality disorders trait domains and PTSD symptoms in a sample of highly traumatized African American women and a prospective sample of trauma center patients.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has a specified precipitant (i.e., trauma), and thus, is particularly well-suited to examine risk and maintenance factors for the development of the disorder.

Evaluating the Instantiation of Narcissism Components in Contemporary Measures of Psychopathy.

Narcissistic traits figure prominently in classical conceptualizations of psychopathy and bear substantial empirical overlap with components of psychopathy. Yet the degree to which various widely used self-report measures of psychopathy include relevant narcissistic content has not been evaluated, especially in relation to new, multidimensional models of narcissism. Using a large undergraduate sample ( = 432) and self- and informant-ratings of narcissism, the present study examined narcissism's instantiation in several commonly used self-report psychopathy measures.

Personality impairment in the DSM-5 and ICD-11: Current standing and limitations.

Purpose Of Review: The current review provides an examination of the levels of personality functioning outlined by the International Classification of Diseases-11 and the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Recent Findings: Across self-report measures, high convergence is observed, and they evince relatively robust relations with general and pathological traits as well as other clinical symptoms. At the same time, current measures of impairment also demonstrate unstable factor structures, poor discriminant validity (when measures offer subscales aligned with different forms of personality impairment), and tend to account for relatively little unique variance beyond traits.

A Comparison of the Validity of Very Brief Measures of the Big Five/Five-Factor Model of Personality.

Personality is of great lay, clinical, and research interest with important functional implications. The field has largely settled on five- or six-factor models as being largely sufficient for descriptive purposes, at least in W.E.

Fearless Dominance/Boldness Is Not Strongly Related to Externalizing Behaviors: An Item Response-Based Analysis.

There is substantial and ongoing debate regarding the centrality of Fearless Dominance/Boldness (FD/B) to psychopathic personality due, in part, to its generally weak relations with externalizing behaviors. In response to these findings, proponents of FD/B have offered two hypotheses. First, FD/B may have nonlinear associations with externalizing outcomes such that FD/B may lead to resilience at moderate levels, but an overabundance of FD/B will yield maladaptive behavioral outcomes.

Psychometric Properties of the Personality Inventory for -Brief Form in a Community Sample with High Rates of Trauma Exposure.

In the current study, we used a sample of predominantly African-American women with high rates of trauma exposure (N = 434) to examine psychometric properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Brief Form (PID-5-BF). We compared model fit between a model with five correlated latent factors and a higher-order model in which the five latent factors were used to estimate a single "general pathology" factor. Additionally, we computed estimates of internal consistency and domain interrelations and examined indices of convergent/discriminant validity of the PID-5-BF domains by examining their relations to relevant criterion variables.

The DSM-5 section III personality disorder criterion a in relation to both pathological and general personality traits.

Following the introduction of the , section III alternative model of personality disorder, much of the empirical attention has been directed toward testing the performance of Criterion B (i.e., pathological traits).

Difficulties with the conceptualization and assessment of Criterion A in the DSM-5 alternative model of personality disorder: A reply to Morey (2019).

The DSM-5 introduced an alternative model of personality disorders that is predicated on the presence of personality dysfunction (Criterion A) and pathological personality traits (Criterion B). Recently, a member of the DSM-5 Personality and Personality Disorder Work Group-Morey-published a measure of Criterion A. Our study (Sleep, Lynam, Widiger, Crowe, & Miller, 2019, this issue) examined the performance of Morey's (2017) Levels of Personality Functioning Scale-Self-Report (LFPS-SR) by testing its factor structure, relations with Axis I and II symptoms, and its incremental validity in predicting traditional personality disorders in comparison to Criterion B traits.

An evaluation of DSM-5 Section III personality disorder Criterion A (impairment) in accounting for psychopathology.

An alternative diagnostic model of personality disorders (AMPD) was introduced in DSM-5 that diagnoses PDs based on the presence of personality impairment (Criterion A) and pathological personality traits (Criterion B). Research examining Criterion A has been limited to date, due to the lack of a specific measure to assess it; this changed, however, with the recent publication of a self-report assessment of personality dysfunction as defined by Criterion A (Levels of Personality Functioning Scale-Self-report; LPFS-SR; Morey, 2017). The aim of the current study was to test several key propositions regarding the role of Criterion A in the AMPD including the underlying factor structure of the LPFS-SR, the discriminant validity of the hypothesized factors, whether Criterion A distinguishes personality psychopathology from Axis I symptoms, the overlap between Criterion A and B, and the incremental predictive utility of Criterion A and B in the statistical prediction of traditional PD symptom counts.

An examination of the Triarchic Model of psychopathy's nomological network: A meta-analytic review.

Psychopathy is characterized by a constellation of traits including callousness, superficial charm, grandiosity, exploitativeness, irresponsibility, and impulsivity (e.g., Cleckley, 1941/1955; Hare, 2003).

Insight Regarding the Presence of Antagonism-Related Traits and Their Subsequent Impairment in Relation to Psychopathy, Narcissism, and Machiavellianism.

Clinical theory is skeptical of individuals' ability to recognize the presence, severity, and impact of clinical symptoms and pathological traits (Oltmanns & Powers, 2012); however, empirical work has found moderate self-other convergence for reports of pathological traits and for Antagonism-related personality disorder (PD) constructs (i.e., psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism), which are characterized by low insight.

Narcissism and self-esteem: A nomological network analysis.

Similarity between narcissism and self-esteem seems intuitive, as both capture positive perceptions of the self. In the current undertaking, we provide a broad comparison of the nomological networks of grandiose narcissism and explicit self-esteem. Pooling data from 11 existing samples (N = 4711), we compared the relations of narcissism and self-esteem to developmental experiences, individual differences, interpersonal functioning, and psychopathology.