Cancer equity for those impacted by mass incarceration.

The cancer disparities between people with incarceration histories compared with those who do not have those histories are vast. Opportunities for bolstering cancer equity among those impacted by mass incarceration exist in criminal legal system policy; carceral, community, and public health linkages; better cancer prevention, screening, and treatment services in carceral settings; expansion of health insurance; education of professionals; and use of carceral sites for health promotion and transition to community care. Clinicians, researchers, persons with a history of incarceration, carceral administrators, policy makers, and community advocates could play a cancer equity role in each of these areas.

Facilitators and Barriers to Recruiting Surgeons into Hospice and Palliative Medicine Training.

Context: Few individuals have fellowship training in both hospice and palliative medicine (HPM) and a surgical specialty including general surgery, general obstetrics and gynecology, or affiliated subspecialties. There is a paucity of data to explain why some surgeons choose to pursue HPM fellowship training.

Objective: Identify facilitators and barriers to palliative medicine fellowship training among physicians from a surgical specialty.

Palliative care in gynecologic oncology: a narrative review of current literature and vision for the future.

Background And Objective: Several professional societies have recommended incorporating palliative care into routine oncology care, yet palliative care remains underutilized among women with gynecologic cancers. This narrative review highlights current evidence regarding utilization of palliative care in gynecologic oncology care. Additionally, the authors offer recommendations to increase early integration and utilization of palliative care services, improve education for current and future gynecologic oncology providers, and expand the palliative care workforce.

Value of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Fellowship After Surgical Training: Bridging the Gap for Improved Patient Care.

Surgeons comprise 2% of HPM-trained physicians. Little is known about the perceived value of HPM training to the surgeon or medical community. We aim to demonstrate the value of HPM fellowship training to surgeons and surgical practice from the point of view of HPM fellowship trained surgeons.

Hospice and Palliative Medicine Fellowship after Surgical Training: A Roadmap to the Future of Surgical Palliative Care.

Objective: Surgeons comprise only 2% of Hospice and Palliative Medicine (HPM) board-certified physicians. Little is known about the motivations of individuals who pursue this combined training or the perceived benefits of this pathway. This study aimed to capture the pathways and experiences of HPM fellowship trained surgeons and to establish recommendations for surgical trainees who may benefit from HPM fellowship training.

Cervical Cancer Prevention Behaviors Among Criminal-Legal Involved Women from Three U.S. Cities.

This study aims to understand how criminal-legal involved women from three U.S. cities navigate different health resource environments to obtain cervical cancer screening and follow-up care.

Abnormal Pap Follow-Up among Criminal-Legal Involved Women in Three U.S. Cities.

Criminal-legal involved women experience significant barriers to preventive cervical care, and consequently there is a higher incidence of cervical cancer in this population. The purpose of this study is to identify variables that may facilitate abnormal Pap follow-up among criminal-legal involved women living in community settings. The study included = 510 women with criminal-legal histories, from three U.

Variation in physician-directed immunohistochemistry screening among women with endometrial cancer.

Objective: Immunohistochemistry screening is a reliable method for identifying women with endometrial cancer who are at risk for Lynch syndrome, but clinical workflows used to implement immunohistochemistry screening protocols can vary by institution. The goal of this study was to investigate variation in performance of immunohistochemistry screening when a physician order is required.

Methods: Retrospective study from an integrated healthcare system with a risk-based immunohistochemistry screening policy for Lynch syndrome from January 2015 to December 2016.

Comparison of two Lynch screening strategies in endometrial cancer in a California health system.

Objective: Compare detection of Lynch syndrome in endometrial cancer between regions of a health care system with different screening strategies.

Methods: A retrospective study of endometrial cancer (EC) cases from 2 regions of an integrated health care system (Kaiser Permanente Northern (KPNC) and Southern (KPSC) California). Within KPNC, immunohistochemistry tumor screening (IHC) was physician ordered and risk-based; within KPSC, IHC was universal and automated.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes in elderly women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.

Objective: Describe clinical characteristics and risk reducing strategies utilized among women with a BRCA mutation who lived to age 75 and above.

Methods: A retrospective study of women with BRCA mutations identified from 1995 to 2015 in a California health care system. From a database of 1189 women, 69 participants were identified who lived to age 75 or older.

Alternative Treatment Utilization Before Hysterectomy for Benign Gynecologic Conditions at a Large Integrated Health System.

Study Objective: To investigate rates of utilization of alternative treatments before hysterectomy for benign gynecologic indications within a large integrated health care system.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent hysterectomies for benign gynecologic conditions between 2012 and 2014 (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting: Kaiser Permanente Northern California, a community-based integrated health system.

Bone loss in women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.

Objective: Estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors for bone loss in women with BRCA mutations.

Methods: Women, age 40 and older, with BRCA mutations identified from the Breast Cancer Surveillance database at Kaiser Permanente Northern California were invited to participate and undergo a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan to assess for bone loss (osteopenia or osteoporosis). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess clinical factors associated with bone loss.

The seasonality of abortion in Kentucky.

Objectives: Abortion incidence is correlated with seasonal trends in conceptions and births. This retrospective review looks at monthly abortion incidence to detect a seasonal trend.

Study Design: Data on abortion incidence in 2012 were obtained from the Kentucky Department of Vital Statistics.