Investigation of Isobactin Analogues of Teixobactin.

Although teixobactin is a promising antibiotic drug candidate against Gram-positive bacteria, it aggregates to form gels that may limit intravenous administration. We previously reported -acyl isopeptide prodrugs of teixobactin analogues that address the problem of gel formation while retaining antibiotic activity. We termed these compounds .

A β-barrel-like tetramer formed by a β-hairpin derived from Aβ.

β-Hairpins formed by the β-amyloid peptide Aβ are building blocks of Aβ oligomers. Three different alignments of β-hairpins have been observed in the structures of Aβ oligomers or fibrils. Differences in β-hairpin alignment likely contribute to the heterogeneity of Aβ oligomers and thus impede their study at high-resolution.

Synthesis and Stereochemical Determination of the Peptide Antibiotic Novo29.

This paper describes the synthesis and stereochemical determination of Novo29 (clovibactin), a new peptide antibiotic that is related to teixobactin and is active against Gram-positive bacteria. Novo29 is an eight-residue depsipeptide that contains the noncanonical amino acid hydroxyasparagine of hitherto undetermined stereochemistry in a macrolactone ring. The amino acid building blocks Fmoc-(2,3)-hydroxyasparagine-OH and Fmoc-(2,3)-hydroxyasparagine-OH were synthesized from (,)- and (,)-diethyl tartrate.

Isobactins: -acyl isopeptide prodrugs of teixobactin and teixobactin derivatives.

The antibiotic teixobactin is a promising drug candidate against drug-resistant pathogens, such as MRSA and VRE, but forms insoluble gels that may limit intravenous administration. -Acyl isopeptide prodrug analogues of teixobactin circumvent the problem of gel formation while retaining antibiotic activity. The teixobactin prodrug analogues contain ester linkages between Ile and Ser, Ile and Ser, or between both Ile and Ser and Ile and Ser.

Teixobactin kills bacteria by a two-pronged attack on the cell envelope.

Antibiotics that use novel mechanisms are needed to combat antimicrobial resistance. Teixobactin represents a new class of antibiotics with a unique chemical scaffold and lack of detectable resistance. Teixobactin targets lipid II, a precursor of peptidoglycan.

Visualizing the mode of action and supramolecular assembly of teixobactin analogues in .

Teixobactin has been the source of intensive study and interest as a promising antibiotic, because of its excellent activity against drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens and its novel but not yet fully understood mechanism of action that precludes drug resistance. Recent studies have demonstrated that the mode of action of teixobactin is more complicated than initially thought, with supramolecular assembly of the antibiotic appearing to play a critical role in the binding process. Further studies of the interactions of teixobactin with bacteria and its molecular targets offer the promise of providing deeper insights into its novel mechanism of action and guiding the design of additional drug candidates and analogues.

Synthesis and application of fluorescent teixobactin analogs.

Teixobactin is a promising new antibiotic that kills a spectrum of Gram-positive pathogens that are considered to be urgent threats by the CDC and the WHO. Better understanding of the novel mechanism of action of teixobactin may assist in developing new antibiotics and furthering our understanding of antibiotic resistance. This chapter describes the synthesis and application of fluorescent teixobactin analogs in fluorescence microscopy to study the mode of action of teixobactin.