Toddler home math environment: Triangulating multi-method assessments in a U.S. Sample.

Introduction: Current research has documented the home math environment (HME) of preschoolers and kindergarteners. Very few studies, however, have explored the number and spatial activities in which parents engage with children during their toddler years.

Methods: This study examined the HME of 157 toddlers using several methodologies, including surveys, time diaries, and observations of math talk.