Publications by authors named "Chelsea Jin"
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma patients respond metabolically to the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab, which targets PD1.
- - Researchers found that an increase in the serum kynurenine/tryptophan ratio may indicate a resistance mechanism linked to poorer survival rates for patients.
- - The findings suggest the need for better patient stratification and monitoring of metabolic changes in clinical trials, particularly when combining PD1 blockade with IDO/TDO inhibitors.
Treacher Collins syndrome is an inherited disorder resulting in maldevelopment of the first and second branchial arches. Patients have complex orofacial anatomy often requiring airway interventions from birth. A 17-year-old boy with Treacher Collins syndrome and history of difficult ventilation and intubation presented for elective maxillofacial reconstruction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: At the time of analysis, two widely used, drug-specific, tumour-cell programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) assays were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for anti-PD-1 therapies: the Dako PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) 28-8 pharmDx assay and the Dako PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay. Given that the majority of current PD-L1 testing in US clinical practice is performed at commercial reference laboratories, we aimed to evaluate the concordance of the 28-8 and 22C3 assays in a real-world setting.
Methods: Matched PD-L1 IHC 28-8 and 22C3 results from routine assessment were obtained from 1930 patients, including 412 confirmed to have lung cancer, submitted from hospitals in over 38 US states/territories.
Combination anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy promotes antitumor immunity and provides superior benefit to patients with advanced-stage melanoma compared with either therapy alone. T cell immunity requires recognition of antigens in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II proteins by CD8 and CD4 T cells, respectively. We examined MHC class I and class II protein expression on tumor cells from previously untreated melanoma patients and correlated the results with transcriptional and genomic analyses and with clinical response to anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, or combination therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To develop a comprehensive etiological model of pathological gambling (PG) for men and women based on Kendler's development model for major depression, which groups 22 risk factors into five developmental tiers (childhood, early adolescence, late adolescence, adulthood, last year). We hypothesized that: (1) all risk factors would be associated significantly with PG; (2) the effect of risk factors in earlier developmental tiers would be accounted for by later tiers; and (3) there would be few gender differences.
Design: Separate models were built for life-time gambling and for 12-month PG among those with life-time gambling.
The space of common psychiatric disorders in adolescents: comorbidity structure and individual latent liabilities.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
January 2015
Objective: To construct a virtual space of common adolescent psychiatric disorders, spanned by factors reflecting major psychopathological dimensions; and to locate psychiatric disorders in that space, examine whether the major psychopathological dimensions can be hierarchically organized, and determine the distribution of the latent scores of individuals in the space spanned by those dimensions.
Method: Exploratory factor analyses of data from the National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A) using the psychiatric diagnoses as indicators were used to identify the latent major psychopathological dimensions. The loadings of the disorders on those dimensions were used as coordinates to calculate the distance among disorders.
Background: This study aims to identify predictors of smoking initiation and nicotine dependence (ND) to develop a comprehensive risk-factor model based on Kendler's development model for major depression.
Methods: Data were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), Wave 2 (n=34,653). Risk factors were divided into five developmental tiers according to Kendler's model (childhood, early adolescence, late adolescence, adulthood, past-year).
Background: While several studies have shown a high association between cannabis use and use of other illicit drugs, the predictors of progression from cannabis to other illicit drugs remain largely unknown. This study aims to estimate the cumulative probability of progression to illicit drug use among individuals with lifetime history of cannabis use, and to identify predictors of progression from cannabis use to other illicit drugs use.
Methods: Analyses were conducted on the sub-sample of participants in Wave 1 of the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) who started cannabis use before using any other drug (n=6624).
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed predictors of attempts and success in quitting alcohol abuse and dependence using data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC).
- Approximately 10% of individuals with alcohol abuse and 18% with dependence attempted to quit, with success rates of 38% and 30%, respectively; factors like being single, younger than 40, low income, and having psychiatric disorders influenced the likelihood of attempting to quit.
- Interestingly, features that motivated attempts to quit often hindered the actual quitting process, suggesting that separate strategies may be needed for encouraging attempts versus achieving long-term success in overcoming alcohol use disorders.
The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) eliminates the committing illegal acts criterion and reduces the threshold for a diagnosis of gambling disorder to 4 of 9 criteria. This study compared the DSM-5 "4 of 9" classification system to the "5 of 10" DSM-IV system, as well as other permutations (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite growing concerns about non-medical prescription drug use and prescription drug use disorders, whether vulnerability for these conditions is drug-specific or occurs through a shared liability and common risk factors is unknown.
Methods: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of Wave 1 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions were used to examine the latent structure of non-medical prescription drug use and prescription drug use disorders. Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) analysis was used to examine whether the effect of sociodemographic and psychiatric covariates occurred through the latent factor, directly on each drug class or both.
Background: Chronic major depressive disorder (CMDD) is highly prevalent and associated with high personal and societal cost. Identifying risk factors for persistence and remission of CMDD may help in developing more effective treatment and prevention interventions.
Methods: Prospective cohort study of individuals participating in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (Wave 1; n=43,093) and its 3-year follow-up (Wave 2; n=34,653) who met a diagnosis of CMDD at the Wave 1 assessment.