Publications by authors named "Chelsea E Myers"
Purpose: To assess the 5-year progression from unilateral to bilateral age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and associated risk factors.
Design: Pooled data analyses of three prospective population-based cohorts, the Blue Mountains Eye Study, Beaver Dam Eye Study and Rotterdam Study.
Methods: Retinal photography and interview with comprehensive questionnaires were conducted at each visit of three studies.
Article Synopsis
- Advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of blindness in older adults, and current treatment options are limited.
- A study analyzed over 12 million genetic variants, finding 52 significant variants related to AMD in a large cohort of patients and controls.
- The research highlights shared genetic factors for both wet and dry AMD, identifies a unique genetic signal for wet AMD near the MMP9 gene, and emphasizes the importance of rare coding variants in discovering causal genes.
Importance: Studies have shown oxidized low-density lipoprotein to be associated with the incidence of proliferative retinopathy and other complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Because low-risk interventions are available to modify oxidized low-density lipoprotein, it is important to examine the relationships between this factor and the incidence of proliferative retinopathy and of macular edema, 2 important causes of visual impairment in people with type 1 diabetes.
Objective: To determine the association of oxidized low-density lipoprotein with the worsening of diabetic retinopathy and the incidence of proliferative retinopathy and of macular edema.
We tested the hypothesis that large areas of small hard drusen (diameter <63 μm) and intermediate drusen (diameter 63-124 μm) are associated with the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Eyes of 3344 older adults with at least 2 consecutive visits spaced 5 years apart over a 20-year period were included. A 6-level severity scale including no drusen, 4 levels of increasing area (from minimal [<2596 μm(2)] to large [>9086 μm(2)]) of only small hard drusen, and intermediate drusen was used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To describe the prevalence and interrelationships of epiretinal membranes (ERMs), vitreomacular traction (VMT), macular cysts, paravascular cysts (PVCs), lamellar macular holes (LMHs), full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs), and visual impairment in a population-based study of older adults.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Participants: There were 1913 participants aged 63 to 102 years at the 20-year Beaver Dam Eye Study follow-up examination in 2008-2010, of whom 1540 (2980 eyes) had gradable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) scans of the macula in at least 1 eye.
Importance: Total serum and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol have been considered risk factors for severe vascular outcomes in persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Objective: To examine the long-term relationships between these 2 serum lipids and the incidence and prevalence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular edema.
Design, Setting, And Participants: Nine-hundred three persons with younger-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus who participated in the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy.
Purpose: To examine relationships of age, sex, and systemic and ocular conditions with retinal thickness measured by spectral-domain ocular coherence tomography (SD OCT) in participants without retinal disease.
Design: Longitudinal study.
Methods: setting: Population-based cohort.
Purpose: To examine the association of current cigarette smoking and pack-years smoked with the incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to examine the interactions of current smoking and pack-years smoked with complement factor H (CFH, rs1061170) and age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2, rs10490924) genotype.
Design: A longitudinal population-based study of AMD in a representative American community. Examinations were performed every 5 years over a 20-year period.
Purpose: To investigate the impact of three different macular carotenoid formulations on macular pigment optical density and visual performance in subjects with early age-related macular degeneration.
Methods: Fifty-two subjects were supplemented and followed for 12 months, 17 of them were in intervention Group 1 (20 mg/day lutein and 2 mg/day zeaxanthin); 21 in Group 2 (10 mg/day meso-zeaxanthin, 10 mg/day lutein, and 2 mg/day zeaxanthin); and 14 in Group 3 (17 mg/day meso-zeaxanthin, 3 mg/day lutein, and 2 mg/day zeaxanthin). The macular pigment optical density was measured using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry, and visual function was assessed using corrected distance visual acuity and by letter contrast sensitivity.
Purpose: To describe associations of serum lipid levels and lipid pathway genes to the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Design: Meta-analysis.
Methods: setting: Three population-based cohorts.
Objective: To examine the association of vasodilator and antihypertensive medication use with the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Design: Longitudinal population-based study.
Participants: Persons 43 to 86 years of age living in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, from 1988 through 1990.
IMPORTANCE Modifying levels of factors associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) may decrease the risk for visual impairment in older persons. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships of markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction to the 20-year cumulative incidence of early AMD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This longitudinal population-based cohort study involved a random sample of 975 persons in the Beaver Dam Eye Study without signs of AMD who participated in the baseline examination in 1988-1990 and up to 4 follow-up examinations in 1993-1995, 1998-2000, 2003-2005, and 2008-2010.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To describe methods to harmonize the classification of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) phenotypes across four population-based cohort studies: the Beaver Dam Eye Study (BDES), the Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES), the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study (LALES), and the Rotterdam Study (RS).
Methods: AMD grading protocols, definitions of categories, and grading forms from each study were compared to determine whether there were systematic differences in AMD severity definitions and lesion categorization among the three grading centers. Each center graded the same set of 60 images using their respective systems to determine presence and severity of AMD lesions.
Purpose: To examine the effects of various cardiovascular, ocular, and lifestyle factors on retinal vessel diameters over short periods of time.
Methods: Subjects were invited to have photographs of their retina taken at each of three study visits. The same eye was photographed each time.
Objective: To describe the relationships of risk alleles in complement factor H (CFH, rs1061170) and age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2, rs10490924) to the incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) during a 20-year period.
Methods: There were 4282 persons aged 43 to 86 years at the baseline examination in 1988-1990 enrolled in a population-based cohort study who participated in at least 1 examination spaced 5 years apart during a 20-year period and had gradable fundus photographs for AMD and genotype information on CFH and ARMS2. Low, intermediate, and high genetic risk for AMD was defined by the presence of 0 to 1, 2, or 3 to 4 risk alleles for CFH and ARMS2, respectively.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of blindness in older individuals. To accelerate the understanding of AMD biology and help design new therapies, we executed a collaborative genome-wide association study, including >17,100 advanced AMD cases and >60,000 controls of European and Asian ancestry. We identified 19 loci associated at P < 5 × 10(-8).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To describe the relationships of intima-media thickness (IMT), plaque in the carotid artery, angina, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke to the 10-year cumulative incidence of early and late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and progression of AMD.
Design: Cohort study.
Participants: A total of 1700 persons aged 53 to 96 years who participated in both the Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study and the Beaver Dam Eye Study in 1998-2000, with photographs gradable for AMD at 5-year (2003-2005) and 10-year (2008-2010) follow-up examinations.
Objective: To describe how retinal venular diameter changes over time for an individual and to examine differences in these changes among people with different risk profiles.
Design: Population-based cohort study.
Participants: A total of 4600 persons aged 43 to 86 years from the Beaver Dam Eye Study (BDES) who participated in at least 1 examination and had venular diameter measured in the right eye.
Objective: To describe the relationship of blood pressure (BP), antihypertensive medication use, and other factors to serial measurements of retinal arteriolar diameters over time in the Beaver Dam Eye Study.
Methods: Retinal arteriolar diameter was measured by computer-assisted methods and summarized as central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) in 4573 persons aged 43 to 99 years at 4 examinations (each separated by 5 years) during a 15-year period. Associations of CRAE with risk factors measured concurrently and 5 years previously were determined using multivariate analyses.
Objective: To describe the relationship of change in retinal vessel diameters to the subsequent 6-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and incidence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and macular edema (ME) in persons with diabetes mellitus.
Design: A total of 1098 persons with diabetes who had DR graded from fundus photographs and had computer-assisted measurements of the central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent(CRVE) participated in examinations in 1980-1982, 1984-1986, and 1990-1992.
Results: During the first 4-year period, the mean change in CRAE and CRVE was −0.
Objective: To describe the prevalence of choroidal nevi in 4 racial or ethnic groups (white, black, Hispanic, and Chinese) in the United States.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Participants: Participants of the second examination of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), involving 6176 persons 44 to 84 years of age without clinical cardiovascular disease at baseline selected from 6 United States communities.
Objective: To examine the cross-sectional associations of components of the complete blood cell count with retinal vessel diameters.
Methods: The data are from the baseline examination of the Beaver Dam Eye Study cohort (n = 4730) from March 1, 1988, to September 14, 1990. Blood pressure was measured, a medical history including questions on cigarette smoking was obtained, and fundus photographs centered on the optic disc were taken and digitized.