Morbidities and comorbidities associated with optic nerve hypoplasia and septo-optic-pituitary dysplasia.

Aim: To quantify optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) and septo-optic-pituitary dysplasia (SOD) morbidities and comorbidities.

Method: A retrospective population-based study with a case-control design was undertaken using administrative health data from Manitoba, Canada. Cases were 124 patients with ONH or SOD (70 males, 54 females; age range 6 months-36 years 8 months [mean 13 years, SD 7 years 2 months]) diagnosed from 1990 to 2019, matched to 620 unrelated population-based controls (350 males, 270 females; age range 0-36 years 8 months [mean 12 years 5 months, SD 7 years 2 months]) on birth year, sex, and area of residence.

Gastroschisis and septo-optic-pituitary dysplasia: Is there an association?

Aim: There are several case reports describing patients with both optic nerve hypoplasia/septo-optic-pituitary dysplasia (ONH/SOD) and gastroschisis (GS). Our aim was to investigate whether ONH/SOD is associated with GS.

Methods: A retrospective population-based study was undertaken using the Population Research Data Repository at the Manitoba Center for Health Policy in Manitoba, Canada to investigate if any patient with ONH/SOD also had GS.

Visual Acuity Outcomes in Children With Optic Nerve Hypoplasia and Septo-Optic-Pituitary Dysplasia.

Background: To investigate best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) outcomes in patients with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH)/septo-optic-pituitary dysplasia (SOD). Our primary hypothesis was that BCVA in patients with ONH/SOD does not change significantly over time.

Methods: A chart review was undertaken in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ONH/SOD.

Risk factors in children with optic nerve hypoplasia and septo-optic dysplasia.

Aim: To identify the risk factors for optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) and septo-optic dysplasia (SOD).

Method: A retrospective, population-based study with case-control design was undertaken using the Population Research Data Repository at the Manitoba Center for Health Policy in Manitoba, Canada. Cases were 111 patients (63 males, 48 females; age range 1-35 years [mean 11 years 6 months, SD 7 years 2 months]) with ONH and SOD diagnosed from 1990 to 2019, matched to 555 unrelated population-based controls (315 males, 240 females; age range 1-35 years [mean 11 years 6 months, SD 7 years 2 months]) on year of birth, sex, and area of residence.

Selected Ophthalmological Features in Children with Septo-Optic Dysplasia and Optic Nerve Hypoplasia.

Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) and optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) cause congenital visual impairment. Their aetiology is mostly unknown. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of selected ophthalmological features in patients with these disorders.

Grade 3 school performance among children born preterm: a population-based cohort study.

Objective: To study the association between prematurity and grade 3 school performance in a contemporary cohort of children.

Methods: Population-based retrospective cohort study in Manitoba, Canada. Children born between 1999 and 2011 who had their grade 3 school performance data available were eligible.

School Readiness Among Children Born Preterm in Manitoba, Canada.

Importance: Children born preterm may experience learning challenges at school. However, there is a paucity of data on the school readiness of these children as they prepare to begin grade 1.

Objective: To examine the association between prematurity and school readiness in a population-based cohort of children.

Revisiting the association between maternal and offspring preterm birth using a sibling design.

Background: Previous studies have reported an intergenerational association between maternal and offspring preterm birth (PTB) but the nature of the association remains unclear. We assessed the association between maternal and offspring preterm birth using a quasi-experimental sibling design and distinguishing between preterm birth types.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective intergenerational cohort study of 39,573 women born singleton in Manitoba, Canada (1980-2002) who gave birth to 79,198 singleton infants (1995-2016).

Examining Early Childhood Health Outcomes of Children Born Late Preterm in Urban Manitoba.

Objective The late preterm population [34-36 weeks gestational age (GA)] is known to incur increased morbidity in the infancy stage compared to the population born at term (39-41 weeks GA). This study aimed to examine the health of these children during their early childhood years, with specific attention to the role of socioeconomic status. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, including all live-born children born at 34-36 and 39-41 weeks GA in urban Manitoba between 2000 and 2005 (n = 28,100).

Maternal depression and anxiety disorders (MDAD) and child development: A Manitoba population-based study.

Objective: To examine the association between maternal depression and anxiety disorders (MDAD) and child development assessed during the kindergarten year.

Methods: Administrative data from several health and social databases in Manitoba, Canada, were used to study 18,331 mother-child pairs. MDAD over the period from one year prior to the child's birth to the kindergarten year was defined using physician diagnoses and filled prescriptions.

High frequency jet ventilation versus high frequency oscillatory ventilation for pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants.

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is considered one of the major contributors to severe pulmonary dysfunction and consequent death in preterm infants. Despite widespread improvements in care, including increased utilization of antenatal steroids, use of surfactant replacement therapy, and advances in conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV), chronic lung disease (CLD) occurs in 42% of surviving preterm infants born at less than 28 weeks gestational age (GA). High frequency ventilation (HFV) aims to optimize lung expansion while minimizing tidal volume (Vt) to decrease lung injury.

Maternal diabetes mellitus and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in the child.

Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the primary cause of chronic kidney disease in children. The relevance of timing of diabetes mellitus (DM) exposure on risk of CAKUT in exposed children is unknown.

Study Design: Population-based nested case-control study.

Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) versus other fluid therapies: effects on kidney function.

Background: Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) are synthetic colloids commonly used for fluid resuscitation to replace intravascular volume, yet they have been increasingly associated with adverse effects on kidney function. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2010.

Objectives: To examine the effects of HES on kidney function compared to other fluid resuscitation therapies in different patient populations.

'The influence of gestational age and socioeconomic status on neonatal outcomes in late preterm and early term gestation: a population based study'.

Background: Infants born late preterm (34 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks GA (gestational age)) are known to have higher neonatal morbidity than term (37 + 0 to 41 + 6 weeks GA) infants. There is emerging evidence that these risks may not be homogenous within the term cohort and may be higher in early term (37 + 0 to 38 + 6 weeks GA). These risks may also be affected by socioeconomic status, a risk factor for preterm birth.

Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) versus other fluid therapies: effects on kidney function.

Background: Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) are synthetic colloids commonly used for fluid resuscitation, yet controversy exists about their impact on kidney function.

Objectives: To examine the effects of HES on kidney function compared to other fluid resuscitation therapies in different patient populations.

Search Strategy: We searched the Cochrane Renal Group's specialised register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, in The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, EMBASE, MetaRegister and reference lists of articles.