Indications and Outcomes for Tracheostomies in Pediatric Oncology Patients-A Single Center Study.

Background: Children with cancer face a high risk of complications including prolonged mechanical ventilation requiring tracheostomies. While tracheostomies have been demonstrated to be a generally safe procedure, there remain significant rare complications and a paucity of literature addressing outcomes specifically for pediatric patients with cancer. The objective of this study was to characterize pediatric patients with cancer who underwent tracheostomies and describe their indications and outcomes for length of stay, decannulation, and complications.

The impact of digital inequities on salivary gland cancer disparities in the United States.

Introduction: Technology and internet access have become increasingly integrated into healthcare as the primary platform for health-related information and provider-patient communication. Disparities in access to digital resources exist in the United States and have been shown to impact health outcomes in various head and neck malignancies. Our objective is to evaluate the associations of digital inequity on health outcomes in patients with salivary gland cancer (SGC).

Assessing social vulnerabilities of salivary gland cancer care, prognosis, and treatment in the United States.

Background: Salivary gland cancers (SGC)-social determinants of health (SDoH) investigations are limited by narrow scopes of SGC-types and SDoH. This Social Vulnerability Index (SVI)-study hypothesized that socioeconomic status (SES) most contributed to SDoH-associated SGC-disparities.

Methods: Retrospective cohort of 24 775 SGCs assessed SES, minority-language status (ML), household composition (HH), housing-transportation (HT), and composite-SDoH measured by the SVI via regressions with surveillance and survival length, late-staging presentation, and treatment (surgery, radio-, chemotherapy) receipt.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid and submandibular glands in children and young adults: A population-based study.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the behavior and treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) in the pediatric and young adult population and to identify factors affecting overall survival (OS).

Materials And Methods: The study analyzed salivary gland malignancies in patients aged 0-21 with AdCC histology using the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2018.

Results: A total of 72 patients (59.

Influence of Social Vulnerability in Treatment and Prognosis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue.

Objective: To investigate the association of social determinants of health (SDoH) in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in the United States and to evaluate the real-world contribution of specific disparities.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: United States.

Assessment of social vulnerability impact in care and prognosis of sinonasal cancers in the United States.

Social determinants of health interactively influence sinonasal cancer care and prognosis. Housing-transportation and socioeconomic status showed the largest associations with disparities. The social vulnerability index can reveal the social determinants of sinonasal cancers.

Social Vulnerability Association with Thyroid Cancer Disparities in the United States.

As thyroid cancer incidence rises, it is increasingly valuable to recognize disparities in treatment and diagnosis. Prior investigations into social determinants of health (SDoH) are limited to pediatric populations or studies looking at single factors such as race or environmental influences. Utilizing the CDC-social vulnerability index and SEER-patient database to assess the amalgamated, real-world influence of varied SDoH and their quantifiable impact on thyroid cancer disparities across the United States.

The Impact of Digital Inequities on Esophageal Cancer Disparities in the US.

Background: There is currently no comprehensive tool that quantifiably measures validated factors of modern technology access in the US for digital inequity impact on esophageal cancer care (EC).

Objective: To assess the influence of digital inequities on esophageal cancer disparities while accounting for traditional social determinants.

Methods: 15,656 EC patients from 2013-2017 in SEER were assessed for significant regression trends in long-term follow-up, survival, prognosis, and treatment with increasing overall digital inequity, as measured by the Digital Inequity Index (DII).

The impact of digital inequities on laryngeal cancer disparities in the US.

Objectives: To develop and implement a novel, comprehensive tool, the Digital Inequity Index (DII), that quantifiably measures modern-technology access in the US to assess the impact of digital inequity on laryngeal cancer (LC) care nationwide.

Methods: DII was calculated based on 17 census-tract level variables derived from the American Community Survey and Federal Communications Commission. Variables were categorized as infrastructure-access (i.

Large-data contextualizations of social determinant associations in pediatric head and neck cancers.

Purpose Of Review: Prior investigations in social determinants of health (SDoH) and their impact on pediatric head and neck cancers are limited by the narrow scope of cancer types and SDoH being studied while lacking inquiry on the interrelational contribution of varied SDoH in real-world contexts. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current research tackling these shortcomings of SDoH-based studies in head and neck cancer and to discuss means of applying these findings in prospective initiatives and implementations.

Recent Findings: Through leveraging contemporary, large-data analyses measuring diverse social vulnerabilities, several studies have identified comprehensive delineations of which social disparities contribute the largest quantifiable impact on the care of head and neck cancer patients.

Exploring the Epidemiology and Survival Trends in Pediatric Major Salivary Gland Malignancies: Insights from the National Cancer Database.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological, therapeutic, and survival data on pediatric major salivary gland cancers.

Materials And Methods: National Cancer Database (NCDB) query from 2004 to 2018.

Results: In total, 967 cases of individuals under the age of 21 were identified.

Analyzing County-level Social Vulnerabilities of Head and Neck Melanomas in the United States.

Objectives: Studies addressing social determinants of health (SDH) in head-neck melanomas (HNM) have only assessed incidence with increasing socioeconomic status. None have investigated a wider scope of SDH or their summed influence on affecting HNM prognosis and follow-up care.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 374,138 HNM in adults from 1975 to 2017 from the NCI-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (NCI-SEER) database.

Assessment of Social Vulnerability in Pediatric Head and Neck Cancer Care and Prognosis in the United States.

Importance: Prior investigations in social determinants of health (SDoH) in pediatric head and neck cancer (HNC) have only considered a narrow scope of HNCs, SDoH, and geography while lacking inquiry into the interrelational association of SDoH with disparities in clinical pediatric HNC.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of SDoH with disparities in HNC among children and adolescents and to assess which specific aspects of SDoH are most associated with disparities in dynamic and regional sociodemographic contexts.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study included data about patients (aged ≤19 years) with pediatric HNC who were diagnosed from 1975 to 2017 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database.

National assessment of lymph node status indicators & predictors in pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas in the US.

Objectives: Assessing the prognostic utility of lymph node status in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) patients and identifying demographic and clinical predictors of positive lymph node status among pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma patients.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of head and neck RMS in patients with and without positive lymph node metastasis.

Methods: National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for patients of young (0-11 years) and adolescent (12-21 years) ages with head and neck RMS and confirmed positive or negative lymph node metastasis status.

Restoring the biological activity of crizanlizumab at physiological conditions through a pH-dependent aspartic acid isomerization reaction.

In this study, we report the isomerization of an aspartic acid residue in the complementarity-determining region (CDR) of crizanlizumab as a major degradation pathway. The succinimide intermediate and iso-aspartic acid degradation products were successfully isolated by ion exchange chromatography for characterization. The isomerization site was identified at a DG motif in the CDR by peptide mapping.

Complex Head and Neck Resection, Reconstruction, and Rehabilitation in Children.

Pediatric head and neck tumors are uncommon but the consequences of radical resection are extensive. These tumors, benign and malignant, are uniquely challenging because of their proximity to critical functional and neurovascular structures and intimately affect speech, swallowing, voice, breathing, hearing, and vision. In addition, the psychosocial and emotional trauma from the cosmetic and functional consequences can be enduring.