Renal Mast Cell-Specific Proteases in the Pathogenesis of Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis.

Chronic kidney disease is detected in 8-15% of the world's population. Along with fibrotic changes, it can lead to a complete loss of organ function. Therefore, a better understanding of the onset of the pathological process is required.

Cyto- and Histopographic Assessment of CPA3-Positive Testicular Mast Cells in Obstructive and Non-Obstructive Azoospermia.

Infertility is an important personal and society disease, of which the male factor represents half of all causes. One of the aspects less studied in male infertility is the immunological testicular microenvironment. Mast cells (MCs), having high potential for regulating spermatogenesis due to fine-tuning the state of the integrative buffer metabolic environment, are one of the most crucial cellular subpopulations of the testicular interstitium.

Massive Localized Abdominal Lymphedema: A Case Report with Literature Review.

Massive localized lymphedema (MLL) is a rare disease caused by the obstruction of lymphatic vessels with specific clinical morphological and radiological characteristics. People with morbid obesity are mainly affected by MLL. Lymphedema is easily confused with soft tissue sarcoma and requires differential diagnosis, both the possibility of an MLL and also carcinoma manifestations in the soft tissues.

[Chest wall morphological changes after sternal reconstruction with titanium mesh implant in patients with sternum instability].

Sternal instability is the one of the unresolved problems in open cardiac surgery (1-8%). The risk of recurrence after repeated osteosynthesis is up to 20% in these patients. Repeated osteosynthesis is impossible in some cases, and this complicates anterior chest wall reconstruction.

Structural and ultrastructural changes in the skeletal muscles of dysferlin-deficient mice during postnatal ontogenesis.

A number of sarcolemma proteins are responsible for muscle fiber repair. Dysferlin encoded by the gene is one of these proteins. Dysferlin promotes membrane repair in striated muscle fibers (MFs).

[Morphological justification of the effectiveness of ultrasonic cavitation with 0.2].

Aim: Structural and functional analysis of cells from purulent-necrotic wounds in patients with diabetic foot syndrome undergoing ultrasonic treatment with 0.2% Lavasept solution.

Material And Methods: It is presented morphological/ultrastructural analysis of wound specimens in 90 (DFS) patients aged 27-80 years with diabetic foot syndrome and purulent-necrotic complications who were hospitalized in the department of wounds and wound infections of the Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery in 2013-2016.

[Hybrid repair of postoperative ventral hernia].

Aim: To develop new technique of abdominal wall repair for postoperative ventral hernia without disadvantages which are intrinsic for open and laparoscopic surgery.

Material And Methods: Combined open and laparoscopic hernia repair was used in 18 patients with postoperative ventral hernia. Open stage provided safe dissection of abdominal adhesions and defect closure by autoplasty, laparoscopic procedure consisted of prosthesis deployment without separation of abdominal wall layers.

[Morphological and functional aspects of recurrent postoperative ventral hernias].

Aim: To define the optimal treatment of postoperative ventral hernias.

Material And Methods: It was performed microscopic examination of intraoperative specimens which were obtained from 40 patients with medium, large and giant hernia. The aim was to reveal ultrastructural changes and morphological features which are associated with abdominal wall weakness in case of postoperative ventral hernia.

[Microscopic investigation of vessel wall after endovascular catheter atherectomy].

Endovascular target catheter atherectomy (ETCA) - method of artery patency allowing to obtain occlusion substrate. Given the high destructive effect of atherectome's elements on tissue the objective was determination possibility of histological and electron microscopic investigation of this substrate after atherectomy. The research included 8 patients who underwent ETCA of legs arteries.

[Morphological and functional aspects of wound regeneration in the treatment by iodine-containing ointments].

The comprehensive morphological investigation indicated a high antimicrobial activity of iodine-containing ointments in the treatment of septic wounds from the first days of the ointments using. 3% ointment "Stellanin-PEG" helps to reduce the local inflammatory changes by activating neutrophils and macrophages. A management of wounds by 3% ointment "Stellanin-PEG" improves their condition by stimulating regeneration, which leads to an intensification of the proliferative and functional activity of granulation tissue.

[Rare forms of the ductal carcinoma of the pancreas].

Clinical cases of patients with rare forms of ductal pancreatic carcinoma are described. Difficulties of preoperative radiologic verification of ostheoclast-like giantcell tumor and cricoids-cell carcinoma of the pancreas are described. Morphologigic and immunohistochemical features of these tumors are highlighted.

[Functional state of stroma and capillaries by chronic pancreatitis].

The straight correlation between the intensity of stroma inflammatory infiltration and the vessel endothelium growth factor (VEGF) was registered. The progression of the pancreatic tissue fibrosis correlated with the decrease of endothelial and fibroblastic activity, increase of perivascular fibrosis and cellular expression of VEGF, as well as the decrease of compensatory capacity of pancreatic cells.

[Hormonally inactivated pituitary adenoma: morphological, immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic characteristic].

Morphology of hormonally inactivated pituitary adenoma can be different types of tumors. Morphological immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic researches of 23 hormonally inactivated pituitary adenomas has been carried out. We shown that more frequent morphological substrate was gonadotropinoma or "zero-cells" adenoma.

[Ultrastructural characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma].

The results of a complex (histological and electron microscopic) study of surgical specimens from 22 patients (15 men and 7 women aged 17 to 72 years) are presented. The histological study diagnosed low-, moderate, and high-grade hepatocellular carcinoma in 5, 12, 5 patients, respectively. The electron microscopic study established that low-grade cancer cells preserved to a greater extent the principal specific ultrastructural organization that was characteristic of normal hepatocytes.

[The comparative characteristics of pulmonary and renal ultrastructural changes in burn sepsis].

The results of histological and electron microscopic studies of the lung and kidney from the patients who died from burn sepsis are presented. The lung and kidney showed blood circulatory disorders, reversible and irreversible damages, and cell necrosis. The most pronounced changes of lung cells were revealed near coccal bacteria.

[Cystic teratoma of the pancreas].

A case of pancreatic cystic teratoma is described in a 52-year-old woman. The tumor is macroscopically presented by an 8 x 8 x 7-cm multifocal cyst. Histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic studies have revealed the derivatives of three germinal layers (ecto-, endo, and mesoderma).

Morphological changes in the implantation zone of Prolen and Esfil reticular endoprostheses.

Comparative histological and electron microscopic study of tissues in the zone of implantation of polypropylene endoprostheses Prolen and Esfil was carried out in mice. Implantation of a reticular endoprosthesis Esfil was associated with a more pronounced infiltration with neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Both nets were characterized by pronounced integration in the adjacent tissues in the implantation zone and can be recommended for clinical use.

[The specificity of the ultrastructural pattern of neoplastic vessels of the retina in diabetic retinopathy].

The electron microscopy of 14 samples of epiretinal membranes obtained in the course of transciliary vitrectomy performed in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) showed a majority of neovascularized vessels to be represented by those of the venular type or capillaries. It can be concluded on the basis of examination results that the structures of neovascularized vessels can be highly diverse in diabetic retinopathy, which depends on a variety of factors: 1) proliferation stage; 2) division of the microcirculation bed; and 3) end of the epiretinal membrane where a given vessel is located as to the growth epicenter. Finally, described are both neo-vessels with a virtually normal structure of the vascular wall and atrophying vessels.

[Development of new biologically active dressings and methodology of their use].

Results of development of new biologically active dressings and up-to-date methodology of local treatment of wounds (based on their differential application according to phase and features of wound process) are demonstrated. Data about main properties and specific activity of new biologically active dressings based on natural and synthetic polymers with immobilized drugs are presented. Future trends and efficacy of their appliance in complex treatment of purulent and necrotic wounds are demonstrated.

[Electron-radioautographic study of differential influence of biologically active wound covering on the process of regeneration].

It is established that local wound treatment with coverings is directed to both suppression of microflora and inflammatory process and stimulation of regeneration at early periods of wound healing, this favouring granulation tissues growth and wound epithelization. Mechanism of biologically active covering influence on the reparative regeneration lies in stimulation of fibroblast, endotheliocyte and pericyte proliferation and stimulation of granulation tissue cells functional activity.

[Effect of serotonin-adipinate on the ultrastructure and synthetic activity of endotheliocytes of microhemocirculatory bed of human brain (autopsy material, early autopsies)].

Electron-microscopic and radioautographic investigation showed the ability of brain capillary endotheliocytes for retaining functional activity in total ishemia. Administration of serotonin adipinate in an early postoperative period supports intracellular processes and plays a protective role.

Experimental study of reparative regeneration processes in the wound treated with bioactive dressings.

Quantitative and structural functional analysis of granulation tissue cells during treatment with protein-polysaccharide dressing Collahit F was carried out. The preparation effectively cleansed the wound from detritus, prevented secondary infection due to stimulation of the functional activity of macrophages and due to the effect of its antiseptic component (furagin), and stimulated proliferative activity of fibroblasts and granulation tissue microvessels on day 5 of treatment, thus promoting repair processes in the wound.

[Pathological basis for clinical stages of the proliferative process in diabetic retinopathy].

In order to elucidate the relationships between posterior ocular structures, 48 samples of epiretinal membranes were examined, which were obtained during transcilliary vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy of different stages (29 patients with type I diabetes mellitus and 19 with type 2). The findings of morphological analysis and preoperative ophthalmoscopy (color photographs) demonstrated clinical and morphological correlations of stages of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Impossibility of differential diagnosis between posterohyaloid membrane and newly formed tissue by clinical methods and impossibility of their mechanical intraoperative separation allow us to regard the stages of proliferative process as stages in changes of the posterohyaloid membrane proper.