Testosterone suppression and recovery in patients with advanced prostate cancer treated with intermittent androgen deprivation therapy with relugolix.

Background And Objectives: Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (iADT) may result in measurable improvements in quality of life over continuous ADT in patients with advanced prostate cancer (aPC). Here, we studied time to castration and testosterone recovery in real-world patients with aPC undergoing iADT with relugolix.

Methods And Design: Eligibility criteria for this retrospective study were histologically confirmed through the diagnosis of aPC and initiation of iADT with relugolix.

Targeting the FGFR Pathway in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors.

In the phase II FUZE trial targeting the FGFR pathway, Debio 1347 showed limited antitumor activity and manageable toxicity in patients with advanced solid tumors. Results from transcriptome-based analysis enhanced our understanding of the genomic landscape of FGFR fusion-driven tumors, informing clinical trial design and generating hypotheses for resistance mechanisms. See related article by Grivas et al.

Isolation, in vitro study, and stem cell markers for type A spermatogonia in a Characiformes species.

The objective of this study was to establish a protocol for the characterization, isolation, and culture of type A spermatogonia using specific molecular markers for these cells in fish. To this end, adult Prochilodus lineatus testes were collected and digested enzymatically and the resulting testicular suspension was separated using a discontinuous Percoll gradient, followed by differential plating. The cell cultures obtained were monitored for 15 days and analyzed using the immunofluorescence method with anti-Vasa, anti-GFRα1, and anti-OCT4 antibodies.

Gonadal remodeling and hormonal regulation during sex change of juvenile dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Teleostei, Serranidae), an endangered protogynous hermaphrodite fish.

Sex change was induced in Epinephelus marginatus juveniles using a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI), a synthetic androgen (17α-methyltestosterone; MT), and a combination of both (MT + AI) in a 90-day experiment. A detailed remodeling of the gonads, the plasma level of gonadal steroids, and immunostaining of pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and somatolactin (SL) cells were analyzed. Sex inversion reached the final spermatogenesis stages using MT, while AI triggered spermatogenesis, but reaching only the spermatid stage.

Molecular characterization of different preproGnRHs in Astyanax altiparanae (Characiformes): Effects of GnRH on female reproduction.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key molecule in the initiation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Thus, knowledge about GnRH may contribute to the effectiveness of species reproduction. Using a Neotropical tetra Astyanax altiparanae as a fish model species, the GnRH forms were characterized at the molecular level and the role of injected GnRHs in vivo was evaluated.

Ovarian development and the reproductive profile of Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei, Characidae) over one year: Applications in fish farming.

Astyanax altiparanae is a Brazilian species of substantial commercial, environmental and scientific importance; however, existing studies on its reproduction do not seem to provide enough details. In light of the increasing use of this species in fish farming and the need for basic studies for the development of new production technologies, we describe the structural and ultrastructural characteristics of the ovaries of A. altiparanae, and characterize the species' reproductive cycle.

Pituitary gland morphogenesis and ontogeny of adenohypophyseal cells of Salminus brasiliensis (Teleostei, Characiformes).

In this study, we describe for the first time the details of the pituitary gland morphogenesis and the ontogeny of adenohypophyseal cells of a South American Characiform species with great importance for Brazilian Aquaculture, Salminus brasiliensis (Characiformes, Characidae), from hatching to 25 days after hatching (dah), by histochemical and immunocytochemical methods. The pituitary placode was first detected at hatching (0 dah), and the pituitary anlage became more defined at 0.5 dah.

Dubowitz syndrome: common findings and peculiar urine odor.

Background: Dubowitz syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, severe microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, hyperactivity, eczema, and characteristic dysmorphic facial features. Although many cases have been reported, the cause of this disease is still unknown.

Case: We present here the case of a Lebanese girl with Dubowitz syndrome in whom an unpleasant urine odor was persistently reported since birth.

Morphologic study of the liver of lambari (Astyanax altiparanae) with emphasis on the distribution of cytokeratin.

Studies on the morphology of the liver of teleosts reflect some controversy in the interpretation of the data, but also provide confirmation of variations in the structure of the organ in several species. Thus, we intend to understand the specific structural organization of the liver of Astyanax altiparanae. Specimens were collected in the city of Andirá, Paraná, Brazil.

1,3-Dimethylisoguanine, a new purine from the marine sponge Amphimedon viridis.

A new purine, 1,3-dimethylisoguanine (1), has been isolated from the marine sponge Amphimedon viridis and identified by analysis of spectroscopic data. Compound 1 increased the contractions obtained by transmural electrical stimulation in the guinea pig longitudinal muscle/myenteric plexus in a dose-dependent manner.