Distinct Urinary Metabolite Signatures Mirror In Vivo Oxidative Stress-Related Radiation Responses in Mice.

Exposure to ionizing radiation disrupts metabolic pathways and causes oxidative stress, which can lead to organ damage. In this study, urinary metabolites from mice exposed to high-dose and low-dose whole-body irradiation (WBI HDR, WBI LDR) or partial-body irradiation (PBI BM2.5) were analyzed using targeted and untargeted metabolomics approaches.

Changes in Microbial Safety and Quality of High-Pressure Processed Camel Milk.

High-pressure processing (HPP) is used as a non-thermal approach for controlling microbial viability. The purposes of this study were to (i) establish the decimal reduction times (D-values) for pathogenic bacteria during 350 MPa HPP treatment,; (ii) evaluate the impact of 350 MPa HPP on total plate count (TPC), yeasts and molds (YM), and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in camel milk; (iii) investigate the behavior of several spoilage-causing bacteria during storage at 4 °C and 10 °C for up to 10 d post-HPP treatment; and (iv) assess the effect of HPP on the protein degradation of camel milk. The D-values for , O157:H7, and spp.

IMPACT OF PLANNED RESEARCH GAP YEAR ON UROLOGY RESIDENCY MATCH SUCCESS.

Objective: To assess the impact of a planned research gap year (RGY) on match outcomes and research productivity among urology residency applicants in the context of the highly competitive urology specialty and the new pass/fail format for the USMLE Step 1 exam.

Methods: We conducted an IRB-approved analysis of applicants to our program during the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 application cycles. Data on demographics, medical school rank, having a home urology program, USMLE Step 1 scores, and ERAS research entries were collected.

Association of Novel Pathogenic Variant (p. Ile366Asn) in Gene with Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy.

A couple presented to the office with an apparently healthy infant for a thorough clinical assessment, as they had previously lost two male children to a neurodegenerative disorder. They also reported the death of a male cousin abroad with a comparable condition. We aimed to evaluate a novel coding pathogenic variant c.

Lateral Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation: A Case Report.

Case: We report a case of a 29-year-old woman who sustained a left lateral sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation. Imaging demonstrated a 30-mm gap between the sternum and medial clavicle. Given well-preserved shoulder range of motion and well-controlled pain, she was ultimately treated nonoperatively.

Pharmacokinetic and Metabolomic Studies with BBT-059 in Nonhuman Primates Exposed to Total-Body Gamma Radiation.

BBT-059 is a long-acting PEGylated interleukin-11 analog that has been shown to have hematopoiesis-promoting and anti-apoptotic attributes, and is being studied as a radiation countermeasure for the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS). This potential countermeasure has been demonstrated to enhance survival in irradiated mice. To investigate the toxicity and safety profile of this agent, 14 nonhuman primates (NHPs, rhesus macaques) were administered two different doses of BBT-059 subcutaneously 24 h after 4 Gy total-body irradiation and were monitored for the next 60 days postirradiation.

Survival machine learning methods for mortality prediction after heart transplantation in the contemporary era.

Although prediction models for heart transplantation outcomes have been developed previously, a comprehensive benchmarking of survival machine learning methods for mortality prognosis in the most contemporary era of heart transplants following the 2018 donor heart allocation policy change is warranted. This study assessed seven statistical and machine learning algorithms-Lasso, Ridge, Elastic Net, Cox Gradient Boost, Extreme Gradient Boost Linear, Extreme Gradient Boost Tree, and Random Survival Forests in a post-policy cohort of 7,160 adult heart-only transplant recipients in the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) database who received their first transplant on or after October 18, 2018. A cross-validation framework was designed in mlr.

Application of Phosphate-Based Binders for the Stabilization and Solidification of Metal-Contaminated Soil: Mechanisms and Efficacy Evaluation.

At present, contamination due to toxic metals is a global concern. The management of problems caused by heavy metals relies on stabilization/solidification, which is the most effective technique for the control of metal pollution in soil. This study examined the immobilization efficiency of various phosphate-based binders (NaPO, NaHPO, NaHPO), in addition to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), MgO, and CaO, for the stabilization of multi-metal-contaminated soils.

Early safety after TAVR according to VARC-3 criteria: incidence, predictors, and clinical impact.

Introduction And Objectives: The Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)-3 definition of the early safety (ES) composite endpoint after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) lacks clinical validation. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, predictors, and clinical impact of ES after TAVR as defined by VARC-3 criteria.

Methods: We performed a multicenter study including 10 078 patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transarterial TAVR.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Aortic Stenosis Patients With New York Heart Association Functional Class III or IV.

Background: Patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis are a vulnerable population with associated cardiac damage and a significant comorbidity burden. In this study we aimed to determine the rate, factors associated with, and prognostic value of poor functional status (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class III-IV) in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods: This multicenter study included 6363 transarterial TAVR patients, classified according to baseline functional status (NYHA class I or II vs III or IV).

Prospective validation of a prespecified algorithm for the management of conduction disturbances after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: The PROMOTE study.

Background: There is a large variability in the management of conduction disturbances (CDs) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Objective: This study aimed to validate a prespecified algorithm for managing CDs in patients undergoing TAVR.

Methods: This was a prospective multicenter study including consecutive patients without prior pacemaker undergoing TAVR.

Characterizing Vocal Hyperfunction Using Ecological Momentary Assessment of Relative Fundamental Frequency.

Many common voice disorders are associated with vocal hyperfunction (VH), with subtypes including phonotraumatic VH (leading to organic vocal fold lesions such as nodules and/or polyps) and nonphonotraumatic VH (often diagnosed as primary muscle tension dysphonia). VH has been hypothesized to influence baseline vocal fold tension during phonation, and the relative fundamental frequency (RFF) during onset and offset cycles of phonation has been related to vocal fold tension and has been shown to differentiate typical voices from patients with VH in laboratory settings. In this study, we investigated whether the laboratory sensitivity of RFF to the presence of VH found in the laboratory is preserved in naturalistic, in-field settings and whether ecological momentary assessment of RFF during daily life could be a correlate of self-reported vocal effort.

Clinical Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement With Contemporary Devices.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been identified as a marker of advanced cardiac damage in aortic stenosis patients. However, the factors associated with poorer outcomes among AF patients in contemporary transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) practice, particularly regarding mortality and heart failure (HF)-related hospitalizations, remain largely unknown.

Methods: In this multicenter study we assessed consecutive patients with a history of AF and evaluated the clinical outcomes, predictors of mortality, and HF-related hospitalization rates of those who underwent TAVR with newer generation devices using either balloon- or self-expandable valves.

Historical Perspective of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma.

Background: Advances in novel therapies have improved outcomes for multiple myeloma (MM) patients and the use of allo-SCT has decreased. Current guidelines no longer support allo-SCT as consolidation therapy for newly diagnosed MM, even in high-risk cases.

Summary: Allo-SCT is now typically considered only within clinical trials for young, high-risk patients with relapsed or refractory MM (RRMM).

Validation of the Valve Academic Research Consortium High Bleeding Risk Definition in Patients Undergoing TAVR.

Background: The Valve Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk (VARC-HBR) has recently introduced a consensus document that outlines risk factors to identify high bleeding risk in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and predictive value of the VARC-HBR definition in a contemporary, large-scale transcatheter aortic valve replacement population.

Methods: Multicenter study including 10 449 patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

The impact of the current medico-legal and regulatory culture in Ireland on the decision of graduate entry medical school students to pursue a career in obstetrics and gynecology.

Objectives: Medico-legal and regulatory culture has a significant impact on medical practitioners, including the decision of graduates to enter high-risk specialties. This study explores the impact of the current medico-legal and regulatory culture in Ireland on the decision of graduate entry medical students to enter one high risk specialty, obstetrics and gynecology.

Study Design: We conducted a survey of 146 final-year, graduate-entry medical students pre- and post- a 6-week rotation in obstetrics and gynecology in Ireland.

William Coley: The Pioneer and the Father of Immunotherapy.

William Coley was an unacclaimed hero of early cancer treatment. His work is often overshadowed by more recent advancements in immunotherapy. Coley's innovative work in the 1910s and 1930s laid the groundwork for what would become a major field in oncology.

Management of Infections Associated with Penile Prostheses and Artificial Urinary Sphincters.

Prosthetic urology can substantially enhance the quality of life for patients. However, it is not without challenges. Infections of penile prostheses and artificial urinary sphincters are often difficult to diagnose, manage, and treat.

Comprehensive Analysis of Magnetic Flux Density and RF-EMF Exposure in Electric Buses: A Case Study from Samsun, Turkey.

This study investigates magnetic flux density (B) and radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) measurements on electric buses operating in Samsun, Turkey, focusing on two bus routes (called E1 and E4) during the morning and evening hours. Measurements were taken under diverse operational conditions, including acceleration, cruising, and braking, at locations of peak passenger density. Along the E1 route, the magnetic field intensity varied significantly based on the bus position, road slope, and passenger load, with notable increases during braking.

Radiation Signature in Plasma Metabolome of Total-Body Irradiated Nonhuman Primates and Clinical Patients.

In the last decade, geopolitical instability across the globe has increased the risk of a large-scale radiological event, when radiation biomarkers would be needed for an effective triage of an irradiated population. Ionizing radiation elicits a complex response in the proteome, genome, and metabolome and hence can be leveraged as rapid and sensitive indicators of irradiation-induced damage. We analyzed the plasma of total-body irradiated (TBI) leukemia patients (n = 24) and nonhuman primates (NHPs; n = 10) before and 24 h after irradiation, and we performed a global metabolomic study aiming to provide plasma metabolites as candidate radiation biomarkers for biological dosimetry.