Cost-Utility Analysis of Upadacitinib versus Dupilumab for Atopic Dermatitis in Australia.

Background: Treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) has been revolutionised by therapies such as dupilumab and upadacitinib, though these drugs are more costly than standard immunosuppressants.

Objectives: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of upadacitinib versus dupilumab as first-line therapy for adults with AD.

Methods: A cost-utility analysis was conducted from the Australian healthcare sector perspective.

Revealing catalyst restructuring and composition during nitrate electroreduction through correlated operando microscopy and spectroscopy.

Electrocatalysts alter their structure and composition during reaction, which can in turn create new active/selective phases. Identifying these changes is crucial for determining how morphology controls catalytic properties but the mechanisms by which operating conditions shape the catalyst's working state are not yet fully understood. In this study, we show using correlated operando microscopy and spectroscopy that as well-defined CuO cubes evolve under electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction conditions, distinct catalyst motifs are formed depending on the applied potential and the chemical environment.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as rescue therapy for refractory autoimmune retinopathy: a case report.

Autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) is a rare, potentially blinding retinal disease that remains a challenging condition to manage when resistant to conventional immune-modulatory approaches. We report clinical and electrophysiological improvement in a 49-year-old patient who underwent an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (aHSCT) for thymoma-associated AIR after experiencing progressive disease despite receiving periocular and systemic steroids, mycophenolate mofetil, baricitinib, tacrolimus, bortezomib, rituximab, plasmapheresis, and intravenous immunoglobulin. The aHSCT had two stages: (i) peripheral blood stem cell harvest following mobilization with cyclophosphamide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and (ii) conditioning regimen with plasmapheresis, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, and anti-thymocyte globulin high-dose therapy, followed by autologous hematopoietic cell infusion of 5.

Phase Engineering of SnSe (X = 1,2) Microstructures for High-Performance NO Chemiresistive Room-Temperature Sensor Systems: Toward Highly Reliable and Robust Detection Properties under Humidity and Interfering Gas Conditions.

Two-dimensional SnSe (X = 1, 2) has emerged as a promising candidate for a NO chemiresistive sensor due to a remarkable affinity to NO gas adsorption. Although their gas sensing mechanism primarily relies on direct charge transfer, the underlying mechanisms of SnSe and SnSe remain unclear, despite various reported successes in phase engineering of SnSe. Here, we investigate phase engineering of SnSe in a hydrothermal route via 1-dodecanethiol (1-DDT), which served as a phase stabilizer, and comprehensively demonstrate phase-dependent NO detection properties.

Aqueous Proteomic and Metabolomic Profiles in Low-Energy vs High-Energy Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the aqueous proteomics and metabolomics in low-energy and high-energy femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS).

Methods: In this prospective observational study, 72 patients were randomized to 3 groups: low-energy FLACS, high-energy FLACS, and conventional phacoemulsification (controls). Aqueous was collected after femtosecond laser treatment or at the beginning of surgery (controls).

Aqueous humour concentration of topically applied 2.0% ganciclovir eye drops in eyes with cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis and endotheliitis.

Background: To investigate the level of ganciclovir in the aqueous humour (AH) following topical application of 2.0% ganciclovir eye drop in eyes with cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior segment infection.

Methods: This is a prospective, non-randomised, interventional clinical study.

Real-World Outcomes for Localised Gastro-Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma Cancer Treated with Perioperative FLOT and Prophylactic GCSF Support in a Single Asian Centre.

Background: Perioperative FLOT (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and docetaxel) is a standard of care for patients with locally advanced gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) in Western guidelines, but its use is limited in Asian patients. We report outcomes from a single Asian centre of perioperative FLOT with concomitant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) prophylaxis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all 56 stage II to III GEA patients treated with perioperative FLOT at the National Cancer Centre Singapore between June 2017 and February 2024 was performed.

Traumatic cataract with iridodialysis.

A 56-year-old woman presented with left blurring of vision for 6 months. She gave a history of previous left eye trauma for which she had undergone suturing of a corneal laceration. The right eye was 20/20 and normal.

Charting the Course of the Nursing Professional Identity: A Qualitative Descriptive Study on the Identity of Nurses Working in Care for Older Adults.

Aims: To explore and describe the meaning of nurses working in care for older adults give to the nursing professional identity.

Design: A qualitative approach was taken.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 bachelor and vocational-educated nurses working in care for older adults.

Impact of aesthetic surgery performed abroad on the Irish healthcare system.

Introduction: Aesthetic surgery tourism is a flourishing trend, and challenges often arise when patients return home with post-operative complications, necessitating follow-up care.

Methods: Between July 2021 and June 2023, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who presented with complications from aesthetic surgery tourism in two major teaching hospitals in Ireland.

Results: Thirty-three patients with a mean age of 41 years were identified.

Understanding the Growth of Electrodeposited PtNi Nanoparticle Films Using Correlated Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy and Synchrotron Radiation.

Electrodeposition is a versatile method for synthesizing nanostructured films, but controlling the morphology of films containing two or more elements requires a detailed understanding of the deposition process. We used liquid cell transmission electron microscopy to follow the electrodeposition of PtNi nanoparticle films on a carbon electrode during cyclic voltammetry. These observations show that the film thickness increases with each cycle, and by the fourth cycle, branched and porous structures could be deposited.

Obtaining assent for research involving children in Malaysia: a position statement from the Academy of Medicine of Malaysia College of Paediatrics.

The Academy of Medicine of Malaysia College of Paediatrics acknowledges the role of children in research and this position statement explores the ethical considerations in obtaining assent from minors in the Malaysian context. It highlights the importance in respecting children's agency and navigating cultural complexities. The College proposes flexibility in the minimum age for assent of at least nine years old, while emphasising the need for a tailored assent procedure.

Developing a production workflow for 3D-printed temporal bone surgical simulators.

Introduction: 3D-printed temporal bone models enable the training and rehearsal of complex otological procedures. To date, there has been no consolidation of the literature regarding the developmental process of 3D-printed temporal bone models. A brief review of the current literature shows that many of the key surgical landmarks of the temporal bone are poorly represented in models.

Feasibility of continuous non-invasive delivery of oxygen monitoring in cardiac surgical patients: a proof-of-concept preliminary study.

Purpose: Oxygen delivery (DO) and its monitoring are highlighted to aid postoperative goal directed therapy (GDT) to improve perioperative outcomes such as acute kidney injury (AKI) after high-risk cardiac surgeries associated with multiple morbidities and mortality. However, DO monitoring is neither routine nor done postoperatively, and current methods are invasive and only produce intermittent DO trends. Hence, we proposed a novel algorithm that simultaneously integrates cardiac output (CO), hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygen saturation (SpO) from the Edwards Life Sciences ClearSight System® and Masimo SET Pulse CO-Oximetry® to produce a continuous, real-time DO trend.

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for complex cataracts - A review.

Since its inception in 2009, femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) has become an alternative to conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (CPCS). Clinical studies were unable to demonstrate superior visual outcomes, but revealed reduced endothelial cell loss. More recently, the cost-effectiveness of FLACS over CPCS in routine cataract surgeries has been challenged.