Treatment and outcomes of high-risk neuroblastoma in Southeast Asia: a single-institution experience and review of the literature.

Introduction: In Europe and North America, the majority of children with high-risk neuroblastoma survive the disease. Elsewhere, the treatment outcomes are poor.

Methods: A retrospective review of children treated for high-risk neuroblastoma in a single institution in Singapore from 2007 to 2019 was carried out.

Ovarian choriocarcinoma as the first manifestation of 46,XY pure gonadal dysgenesis.

We report a case of 46,XY pure gonadal dysgenesis (Swyer syndrome) in a phenotypically normal 12-year-old girl with a history of vaginal bleeding and early breast development, with ovarian choriocarcinoma as the first manifestation. The clues leading to the diagnosis included the failure to establish any relationship between normal menstrual cycles postoperatively and a small remaining contralateral ovary. The correct diagnosis is important for cancer prophylaxis and hormonal replacement therapy.