The Nature and Clinical Significance of Atypical Mononuclear Cells in Infectious Mononucleosis Caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus in Children.

Atypical mononuclear cells (AM) appear in significant numbers in peripheral blood of patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM). We investigated the number and lineage-specific clusters of differentiation (CD) expression of atypical mononuclear cells in 110 children with IM using the anti-CD antibody microarray for panning leukocytes by their surface markers prior to morphology examination. The AM population consisted primarily of CD8+ T cells with a small fraction (0%-2% of all lymphocytes) of CD19+ B lymphocytes.

[Advantages of dose calculation by the Monte Carlo method for the treatment of patients with lung, and head and neck tumors with the robotic system CyberKnife ].

This paper analyzes the recalculation of plans for the exposure of patients with tumors of the lung, head and neck by the Monte Carlo method. There are presented the results of calculations with understating the dose by 29% when using the algorithm Ray-Tracing. It is proposed mandatory recalculation of dose by Monte Carlo method in planning exposure for patients with tumors of the lung and head and neck tumors to eliminate significant systematic errors in the values of input dose.

Rat eggs cannot wait: Spontaneous exit from meiotic metaphase-II arrest.

Mammalian eggs await fertilisation while arrested at the second metaphase stage of meiotic division. A network of signalling pathways enables the establishment and maintenance of this metaphase-II arrest. In the absence of fertilisation, mammalian eggs can spontaneously exit metaphase II when parthenogenetically stimulated, or sometimes without any obvious stimulation.

Lineage-specific distribution of high levels of genomic 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian development.

Methylation of cytosine is a DNA modification associated with gene repression. Recently, a novel cytosine modification, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has been discovered. Here we examine 5-hmC distribution during mammalian development and in cellular systems, and show that the developmental dynamics of 5-hmC are different from those of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC); in particular 5-hmC is enriched in embryonic contexts compared to adult tissues.

[Manifestations of colonic dysbacteriosis in patients with drug-resistant respiratory tuberculosis].

The bacteriological and clinical manifestations of colonic dysbacteriosis were studied in 65 patients with drug-resistant respiratory tuberculosis before treatment with reserve drugs. Colonic microbiological disturbances corresponding to first-, second-, and third-degree dysbacteriosis were detected in 6 (9%), 14 (21%), and 42 (65%), respectively; no evidence of dysbacteriosis was found in 3 (5%) patients. There were characteristic clinical symptoms of dysbacteriosis (tympanism in 80% of the patients, signs of dyspepsia in 73.

[Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in risk-group children: detection methods and clinical characteristics].

The paper analyzes the results of the 1995-to-2006 follow-ups of 36 children with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the kidney, peripheral lymph nodes, and skeletal system was diagnosed in 16, 11, and 6 patients, respectively. Generalized tuberculosis was present in 1 child and cutaneous tuberculosis in 2.

[The risk for recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis in dispensary registration group III patients].

A statistical method was used to specify the significance of the most commonly encountered risk factors for recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis. Among others, 10 factors that substantially influenced the development of an early recurrence were identified. These are distributed as follows: medical factors, such as comorbidity, the undulating course of a tuberculous process, a contact with a tuberculosis patient, an ineffective basic course of therapy for the underlying disease, intercurrent diseases, a decay phase, major and minor residual changes.

Modifications to improve the efficiency of zona-free mouse nuclear transfer.

In the present study, some modifications were made to the zona-free nuclear transfer technique in the mouse in order to achieve greater efficiency. Firstly, a 1-h interval was allowed between cumulus removal and zona pellucida digestion. Secondly, acid Tyrode's was selected for zona pellucida removal, because contrary to pronase, it allows embryo survival during parthenogenic activation in the absence of calcium.

[The effect of mutation dominant spotting-Yurlovo (KitW-Y) on spermatogenesis, early embryogenesis, and fertility of C57BL/6JY mice].

The effect of mutation KitW-Y found in C57BL/6 mice on fertility, spermatogenesis, and early embryogenesis of mice have been studied. If heterozygotes KitW-Y/+ are crossed with wild-type mice, fertility decreases by 20%. Homozygotes Kitw-Y/KitW-Y and compounds KitW-Y/KitSsm are nonviable.

[Efficacy of cow's kumiss in the treatment of large intestine dysbacteriosis and its impact on tolerability of antituberculosis agents in patients with respiratory tract tuberculosis].

Dysbacteriosis of the large intestine is one of severe complications of long-term use of antituberculosis agents in the treatment of respiratory tract tuberculosis that results in a significant decrease of tolerability of antituberculosis agents, persistence of tuberculosis intoxication and slower involution of the tuberculosis process in the lungs. When the complex treatment with antituberculosis agents was accompanied by the use of cow's kumiss for correction of the large intestine dysbacteriosis, the intoxication signs disappeared in 12% of the patients in the main group, while in the patients of the control group the level of the intoxication syndrome increased twice. The rate of the tuberculosis lesions regression evident from the lung roentgenograms was 2.

Development of a zona-free method of nuclear transfer in the mouse.

In the present study, a zona-free nuclear transfer (NT) technique, which had been originally developed in cattle, was modified for the mouse. Steps involved in this approach include removing the zona pellucida and enucleating without a holding pipette; sticking donor cells to the cytoplast before electric pulses are applied to fuse them and culturing reconstructed embryos individually in single droplets, to prevent aggregation. Control zona-free and zona-intact embryos from mated donors showed no significant difference in development to blastocyst, but did show reduced development to term.

[Large intestine dysbacteriosis and therapy efficacy in patients with respiratory tract tuberculosis in sanatoria].

Long-term chemotherapy of tuberculosis leads to dysbacteriosis of the large intestine, that significantly decreases tolerance of tuberculosis drugs, provokes persistence of tuberculosis intoxication and retards involution of tuberculosis process in the lungs. Recovery of the bifidoflora and lactoflora due to the use of an original sour-milk drink developed by the authors was stated in 65 and 55% of the patients respectively. Moreover, it promoted higher tolerance of the chemotherapeutics since its composition includes amino acids, vitamins B, C, D and E, enzymes and microelements.

[Clinical aspects and treatment of tuberculosis of respiratory organs in adolescents under present epidemiological conditions].

The paper summarizes the results of clinical observations of 55 teenagers suffering from active respiratory tuberculosis. It defines risk factors for this disease in adolescents. Emphasis is laid on the current pathomorphology and a great variety of clinical types of tuberculosis.

[The reactivity characteristics of the organs of the oral cavity in an with different types of nervous systems].

Experiments were carried out on 120 albino rats, divided into "active" and "passive", depending on the type of their nervous system. The animals were exposed to complete fasting of up to 6 days, after which feeding was resumed for 1 to 3 days. Oral mucosa, muscle tissue, and maxillofacial tissue were examined by histologic and histochemical methods.

[Hemispheric asymmetry of the nigrostriatal system of the brain in rats genetically predisposed to catalepsy].

Hemispheric asymmetry of nigro-striate system in a strain of rats GC bred from Wistar for a predisposition to cataleptic reaction was studied by means of biochemical and morphological methods. Hemispheric asymmetry was found in GC and Wistar rats with respect to aminopeptidase activity in neurons of caudate nucleus, with a more pronounced left-side increase in GC rats, the asymmetry index being 13.7%.

[Cytochemical manifestations of short- and long-term activation of the dopaminergic system of the rat brain].

In order to find correlation between changes in morpho-chemical characteristics of neurons of certain brain structures and changes of the functional state of rats with high horizontal motional activity in "open field" under activation of dopaminergic system caused by short-term and long-term L-DOPA injection aminopeptidase activity and protein content were studied. It was shown that in spite of similar effects of short- and long-term injection on the behaviour of animals, the nature of morpho-chemical changes in the brain differs significantly depending on the duration of the drug injection.

[The morphochemical characteristics of the brain in Wistar rats that differ by open-field motor activity].

By cytochemical and biochemical methods it is established that in rats with low motor activity the increased content of proteins of cytoplasma and nuclei of neurones of the sensorimotor cortex, caudate nucleus and n. accumbens, the increased activity of a number enzymes of oxidizing and protein metabolism in them are combined with a low activity of enzymes of mediator exchange. In the studied formations in rats with high motor activity an increased activity of synaptic and membrane forms of acetylcholinesterase appears at the same level of activity of cholineacetyltransferase in these subcortical formations and at high monoamineoxidase activity in cellular structures of the cortex and in subcortical formations.

[The effect of tuftsin on various aspects of metabolism in the sensorimotor system of the animal brain].

Rates of synthesis and degradation of monoamines, acetyl choline and protein were distinctly altered in cortex-subcortex structures of the brain locomotory system after a single administration of tetrapeptide tuftsin Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg during the period 15-30 min of its pronounced effect on the animal motor activity. Correlation between the functional and morphological alterations in cellular and subcellular brain structures, caused by the peptide administration, is discussed.

[A comparative analysis of the morphochemical changes in the neurons of the visual and sensorimotor cortices and the nucleus accumbens of rats administered tuftsin].

White rats were treated with a single administration of tetrapeptide tuftsin (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) in the dose 300 mcg/kg (b.w). Using interferometry, the protein content and concentration were assessed 15, 30 and 60 minutes after injection.

[Tuberculosis and maternity].

Tuberculosis during pregnancy is mainly detected by complaints. An infiltrative form of tuberculosis is the most common one in patients of this group. A clinical course of tuberculosis in the pregnant women is accompanied by a profound iron deficiency anemia and develops with higher tuberculin sensitization.

[Neurochemical aspects of the cortical-subcortical interrelations after activation of the dopamine system with L-dopa].

In two groups of Wistar rats differing in horizontal motor activity in an open field, there was a dramatic lowering of that parameter after 2 weeks of administration of L-DOPA in the daily dose 50 mg/kg bw. The lowering in each group turned out different. Interferometric and cytophotometric studies of layers III and IV neurons of the sensorimotor cortex, n.