The INMSG Survey on the Loss of Signal Management on the First Side During Planned Bilateral Thyroid Surgery.

Background: The aim of this study is to describe the management and associated follow-up strategies adopted by thyroid surgeons with different surgical volumes when loss of signal (LOS) occurred on the first side of planned bilateral thyroid surgery, and to further define the consensus on intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) applications.

Methods: The International Neural Monitoring Study Group (INMSG) web-based survey was sent to 950 thyroid surgeons worldwide. The survey included information on the participants, IONM team/equipment/procedure, intraoperative/postoperative management of LOS, and management of LOS on the first side of thyroidectomy for benign and malignant disease.

Intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroidectomy does not decrease vocal cord palsy risk, but the cumulative experience of the surgeon may.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) on vocal cord palsy (VCP) rates and assess the temporal trends in VCP rates.

Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were patients who underwent thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer between March, 2014 and June, 2022, at a university hospital in Korea. We compared VCP rates between the non-IONM and IONM groups and analyzed the risk factors for VCP and VCP rates over time.

Detection of micro-plasma-induced exosomes secretion in a fibroblast-melanoma co-culture model.

Background: Melanoma is a highly aggressive tumor and a significant cause of skin cancer-related death. Timely diagnosis and treatment require identification of specific biomarkers in exosomes secreted by melanoma cells. In this study, label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method with size-matched selectivity was used to detect membrane proteins in exosomes released from a stimulated environment of fibroblasts (L929) co-cultured with melanoma cells (B16-F10).

Bacterial Colonization on Endoscopic Materials and Surgical Field Without Infections After Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy.

Introduction: Our aim was to determine whether bacteria contamination occurred within the surgical field or on endoscopic equipment during surgery using the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA).

Materials And Methods: Participants were recruited from patients planned for TOETVA between May 2017 and December 2019. Bacterial samples were taken before and at the conclusion of the TOETVA procedure.

Comparison of EMG amplitudes recorded by ipsilateral and contralateral electrodes placement during using trans-thyroid cartilage recording method in thyroid surgery.

Objectives: The feasibility and reliability of trans-thyroid cartilage EMG recording method (TCERM) during intraoperative monitoring (IONM) of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in thyroid surgery have been established. This study compared two different recording electrode placements on the ipsi-lateral and contra-lateral lamina of the thyroid cartilage (TC).

Methods: Fifty consecutive patients undergoing total thyroidectomy with 100 RLNs at risk were enrolled.

Enhanced mitigation of inhalable particles and fine particle-bound PAHs from a novel hazardous waste-power plant candidate.

Emissions of the inhalable particle (d < 10 μm, PM) and their harmful compositions from combustion sources have high potential on health risk with nearly no regulation. This study investigates the particle size distribution (PSD), as well as the removal mechanism of PM and fine particle (FP)-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the flue gas of a hazardous waste thermal treatment system. It has ultralow regulated emission and becomes a candidate of power generation module.

Exosomes Derived from Hypoxia-Cultured Human Adipose Stem Cells Alleviate Articular Chondrocyte Inflammaging and Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Progression.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common age-related degenerative joint disease. Inflammaging, linking inflammation and aging, is found in senescent cells with the secretions of matrix-degrading proteins and proinflammatory cytokines. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) plays a very important role in OA progression.

Relationships between serum levels of vitamins and papillary thyroid cancer: a single center case-control study.

Background: Vitamins are involved in various human physiological and biochemical mechanisms due to their antioxidant properties and their ability to enhance the immune response. Deficiency of some serum vitamins has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of developing cancer, including thyroid cancer. However, medical literature dealing with cholecalciferol supplementation was not able to show the potential of this intervention in cancer prevention.

Multimodal Analgesia with Local Wound Infiltration and Intravenous Parecoxib for Thyroidectomy.

: Adequate postoperative pain control is an important component to enhance recovery. Multimodal analgesia with various pain control techniques has been widely used to alleviate postoperative pain. The use of either wound infiltration or a superficial cervical plexus block has been reported to be effective for pain management after thyroid surgery.

Growth Regulated Oncogene-α Upregulates TNF-α and COX-2 and Activates NOD1/RIPK2 mediated-MAPK Pathway in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The long-term prognosis and survival rate of patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are poor, although the identification of specific biomarkers that reveal its nature and aggressiveness has improved it. Growth-related oncogene alpha (Groα) and NOD1 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1) can be used as prognosis markers to identify subgroups of HNSCC patients with low survival rates and as potential therapeutic targets for HNSCC patients. However, the mechanism associated with the Groα-mediated NOD pathway in HNSCC progression remains unclear.

The role of the genomic mutation signature and tumor mutation burden on relapse risk prediction in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma after concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Personalized genetic profiling has focused on improving treatment efficacy and predicting risk stratification by identifying mutated genes and selecting targeted agents according to genetic testing. Therefore, we evaluated the role of genetic profiling and tumor mutation burden (TMB) using next-generation sequencing in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). The relapse mutation signature (RMS) and chromatin remodeling mutation signature (CRMS) were explored to predict the risk of relapse in patients with HNSC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with platinum-based chemotherapy.

3D Transoral Endoscopic Thyroid.

Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy with vestibular approach (TOETVA) is a feasible new surgical procedure that does not require visible incisions. We describe our experience with three-dimensional (3D) TOETVA. We recruited 98 patients who were willing to undergo 3D TOETVA.

Investigation of the Electrophysiological and Thermographic Safety Parameters of Surgical Energy Devices during Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery in a Porcine Model.

In thyroid and parathyroid surgery, surgical energy devices (SEDs) provide more efficient hemostasis than conventional clamp-and-tie hemostasis in areas with rich blood supply. However, when a SED is activated near the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), the heat generated by the SED may injure the nerve irreversibly. To safely apply SEDs in thyroid/parathyroid surgery, this article introduces experimental porcine model studies to investigate the activation and cooling safety parameters of SEDs in standardized electrophysiological (EP) and thermographic (TG) procedures, respectively.

Proposals for Standardization of Intraoperative Facial Nerve Monitoring during Parotid Surgery.

Intraoperative facial nerve monitoring (FNM) has been widely accepted as an adjunct during parotid surgery to facilitate identification of the facial nerve (FN) main trunk, dissection of FN branches, confirmation of FN function integrity, detection of FN injury and prognostication of facial expression after tumor resection. Although the use of FNM in parotidectomy is increasing, little uniformity exists in its application from the literature. Thus, not only are the results of many studies difficult to compare but the value of FNM technology is also limited.

Administration of neostigmine after tracheal intubation shortens time to successful intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroid surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

This prospective, randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of neostigmine for intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) during thyroid surgery. Forty subjects undergoing thyroidectomy with IONM, randomized into neostigmine administration after tracheal intubation (Group N, n = 20) or control treatment with normal saline (Group C, n = 20), completed the trial. Electromyography amplitudes of the vagus nerve (V1) were recorded before thyroid dissection.

Intraoperative EMG recovery patterns and outcomes after RLN traction-related amplitude decrease during monitored thyroidectomy.

Objectives: Traction injury is the most common type of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury in thyroid surgery. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) facilitates early detection of adverse electromyography (EMG) effect, and this corrective maneuver can reduce severe and repeated nerve injury. This study aimed to evaluate intraoperative patterns and outcomes of EMG decrease and recovery by traction injury.

A comparison between cisatracurium and rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block on laryngeal electromyography recovery after neostigmine reversal in a porcine model.

Background: Inducing and reversing neuromuscular block is essential to a positive outcome of thyroid surgery, with intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) being used to decrease recurrent and superior laryngeal nerve injuries and improve vocal outcome. Neostigmine is a non-specific broad-spectrum and inexpensive reversal agent for neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs). The aim of this porcine study was to explore the effect of neostigmine on electromyography (EMG) signal recovery profile following the commonly used NMBAs, cisatracurium and rocuronium.

Enhancement of Osteoblast Function through Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a type of mesenchymal stem cell that is investigated in bone tissue engineering (BTE). Osteoblasts are the main cells responsible for bone formation in vivo and directing ADSCs to form osteoblasts through osteogenesis is a research topic in BTE. In addition to the osteogenesis of ADSCs into osteoblasts, the crosstalk of ADSCs with osteoblasts through the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) may also contribute to bone formation in ADSC-based BTE.

Necessity of Routinely Testing the Proximal and Distal Ends of Exposed Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve During Monitored Thyroidectomy.

Objectives: Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is a useful tool to evaluate the function of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in thyroid surgery. This study aimed to determine the necessity and value of routinely testing the proximal and distal ends of RLN.

Methods: In total, 796 patients undergoing monitored thyroidectomies with standardized procedures were enrolled.