[Fibrinolytics: from the thrombolysis to the processes of blood vessels growth and remodeling, neurogenesis, carcinogenesis and fibrosis].

One of the most outstanding scientific achievements in the thrombolysis is the development and administration of fibrinolysin - the first Soviet drug that lyses blood clots. Intracoronary administration of fibrinolysin reduced the mortality of patients with myocardial infarction by almost 20%. For his work in this field Yevgeny Chazov was awarded the Lenin Prize in 1982.

[Restoration of Sinus Rhythm in Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation and Obesity: New Possibilities of Pharmacological Cardioversion].

We present in this article 2 cases of successful pharmacological restoration of sinus rhythm by a new class III antiarrhythmic drug refralon in patients with obesity and persistent atrial fibrillation. In both cases, the effective use of refralon was preceded by repeated ineffective attempts of electrical cardioversion. In the article we discuss the role of obesity as the factor leading to a substantial increase of transthoracic electrical resistance, and thus significantly reducing the probability of sinus rhythm restoration by means of electrical cardioversion.

The hypotensive effect of the nitric monoxide donor Oxacom at different routs of its administration to experimental animals.

Earlier it has been found that the hypotensive drug Oxacom containing binuclear dinitrosyl iron complexes (B-DNIC) with glutathione can effectively decrease, as a nitric monooxide (NO) donor, the mean arterial pressure (МАР) in rats upon intravenous bolus injection in the form of an aqueous solution (Chazov et al., 2012). The aim of this study was to investigate the hypotensive effects of Oxacom administered to experimental rats by intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intragastric, rectal routes.

[Refralon (niferidil) is a new class III antiarrhythmic agent for pharmacological cardioversion for persistent atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter].

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of refralon (niferidil), a new class III antiarrhythmic agent whose activity is related to the block of delayed rectifying potassium current and to the prolongation of atrial and ventricular action potential and refractory periods, when it is used as an agent for pharmacological cardioversion for atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL).

Subjects And Methods: The efficacy of the drug as 3 intravenous boluses of 10 μg/kg was evaluated in 134 patients (90 men; 57.8 ± 11 years) with a mean AF duration of 3 (1.

[Hemodynamic effects of the synthetic analogue of endogenous nitric oxide (II) donors a dinitrosyl iron complex in hypertensive patients with uncomplicated hypertensive crisis].

Aim: To examine the antihypertensive effect of the synthetic analogue of the endogenous nitric oxide donors in patients with grades 2-3 hypertension and uncomplicated hypertensive crisis (HC).

Subjects And Methods: The study included 30 male patients aged 35 to 73 years (mean age 55.5 ± 10.

[Novel class III antiarrhythmic agent niferidile: review of experimental and clinical studies].

This article reviews experimental and clinical studies of a novel antiarrhythmic agent niferidile. Niferidile, a class III antiarrhythmic agent, blocks potassium outward currents, prolongs repolarization and refractory periods predominantly in atria than in ventricles. Intravenous Niferidile was efficient for interruption of AV-nodal and orthodromic re-entrant tachycardias with rates of 75% to 80%.

Efficacy of a new class III drug niferidil in cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation and flutter.

Aims: To study the efficacy and safety of the new class III antiarrhythmic agent niferidil for pharmacological cardioversion in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFl).

Methods And Results: One hundred thirty-four adults (aged 57.8 ± 11 years, 90 males) were included with median AF duration of 3 (1.

[Antioxidant properties of apelin-12 and its structural analogue in experimental ischemia and reperfusion].

Effects of apelin-12 H-Arg-Pro-Arg-Leu-Ser-His-Lys-Gly-Pro-Met-Pro-Phe-OH (A12) and its modified analogue H-(NMe)Arg-Pro-Arg-Leu-Ser-His-Lys-Gly-Pro-Nle-Pro-Phe-OH (I) on activity of antioxidant enzymes, formation of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were studied in ex vivo and in vivo models of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury in Wistar rats. Preischemic infusion of peptide A12 or AI enhanced cardiac function recovery of isolated perfused heart and was accompanied by a marked attenuation of ROS generation detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique in myocardial effluent at early reperfusion compared with control. Intravenous administration (i.

[Electrophysiological effects and antiarrhythmic activity of novel domestic class III antiarrhythmogenic drug niferidil administered in patients with paroxismal supraventricular tachycardia].

Intracardiac electrophysiological effects and antiarrhythmic activity of novel domestic class III antiarrhythmogenic drug niferidil has been studied in a group of 25 patients with paroxismal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) diagnosis. The drug was administered in a dose of 20 mg/kg (i.v.

[Involvement of NO-dependent mechanisms of apelin action in myocardial protection against ischemia/reperfusion damage].

Apelin 12 (A-12) was synthesized by the automatic solid phase method with the use of Fmoc technology. The synthesized peptide was purified by preparative HPLC and identified by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Acute myocardial infarction was induced by 40-min LAD occlusion followed by 60-min reperfusion in narcotized Wistar rats.

[Effects of anomalous rise of air temperature on population mortality].

Global climate warming for the last 10 years actualized the problem of mortality rise in some European countries in anomalous summer heat. Russia faced this problem in July-August 2010 when extreme heat entailed a significant elevation of mortality in 31 regions of the country primarily due to coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases. The analysis of foreign researches has shown that old age and living in cities are leading risk factors of deat in anomalous heat.

Hypotensive effect of Oxacom® containing a dinitrosyl iron complex with glutathione: animal studies and clinical trials on healthy volunteers.

A comparative study of hypotensive effects of binuclear forms of dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) with glutathione, S-nitrosoglutathione (GS-NO) and sodium nitrite (NaNO(2)) on rats has been carried out. The latter appeared to be the least efficient, viz., mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased by 10 and 30 mmHg at 25 and 100 μmoles/kg of NaNO(2).

[Science and clinical practice].

The paper discusses issues related to the role of basic studies in the development of practical medicine and to the integration of basic science and medical treatment.

[The study of hypotensive action of dinitrosyl-iron complex with glutathione containing drug oxacom in healthy volunteers].

On the basis of earlier executed studies of hypotensive effect of dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNIC) with glutathione, the drug has been created in industrial conditions named oxacom. Preliminary pharmacological studies of oxacom have not revealed negative qualities. The drug has been now tested in 14 healthy men in whom at single intravenous introduction it caused typical response - a decrease of diastolic as well as systolic arterial pressure on 24-27 mmHg through 3-4 min with subsequent very slow restoration in 8-10 hours.

Synthetic peptide fragment (65-76) of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) inhibits MCP-1 binding to heparin and possesses anti-inflammatory activity in stable angina patients after coronary stenting.

Objective And Design: The peptide from C-terminal domain of MCP-1 (Ingramon) has been shown to inhibit monocyte migration and possess anti-inflammatory activity in animal models of inflammation and post-angioplasty restenosis. Here, we investigate the effect of Ingramon treatment on blood levels of acute-phase reactants and chemokines in patients after coronary stenting and the mechanisms of Ingramon anti-inflammatory activity.

Subjects: Eighty-seven patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) who faced the necessity of coronary angiography (CA) were enrolled.

[First experience of clinical use of new class III antiarrhythmic agent niferidil in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation and flutter].

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of administered intravenously niferidil in doses 10, 20 and 30 mkg per kg in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) and flutter (AFL) for pharmacological cardioversion. The study included 30 patients (22 male) with persistent AF (n = 28) and AFL (n = 2) without structural heart diseases with median arrhythmia duration 6.1 +/- 4.

[Prospects of designing the medicines with diverse therapeutic activity on the basis of dinitrosyl iron complexes with thiol-containing ligands].

A stable hypotensive preparation (Oxacom) based on dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNIC) with glutathione has been developed. The preparation has successfully passed through pharmacological trials. The tests on volunteers have shown a high hypotensive activity of the preparation: a single intravenous infusion of its aqueous solution at a dose of 0.

[Progress in fundamental research: perspectives of cardiology].

Recent research performed in the Cardiology Research Center (CRC) and on-going studies reviewed in the article confirm the hypothesis suggested by CRC investigators about the role of a damaging action of some reactions in the body. The damage to the cell and subcell structures is done by such substances as malonic dialdehyde, methylglyoxal, active oxygen forms (nitric oxide and others). This damage can be used in diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Opposite effects of native and oxidized lipoproteins on the activity of secretory phospholipase A(2) group IIA.

Elevated circulating level and activity of secretory phospholipase A(2) group IIA (sPLA(2)(IIA)) are associated with the development of adverse cardiovascular events. The mechanisms of sPLA(2)(IIA) activity regulation in human blood serum so far remain obscure. We have suggested that the enzyme activity is influenced by circulating lipoproteins.

[Action of a nitric oxide donor dinitrosyl complex of iron with glutathione on hemodynamics in rats and monkeys].

We studied action of a nitric oxide donor, dinitrosyl complex of iron (DNIC) with glutathione as a ligand on the hemodynamics of normotensive Wistar rats, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and monkeys. Intravenous DNIC introduction (2-120 mg/kg) rendered fast (1-2 min) hypotensive effect combined with increased heart rate by 10-25%. Second phase of the effect in Wistar rats was characterized by slowed recovery of arterial pressure and heart rate up to initial level.