Non-Polar KYC4048 Metabolites Exert Anti-Proliferative Effects via Inhibition of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells.

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in breast cancer and KYC4048 is a myxobacterial strain that can produce a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites. Although a previous study revealed that KYC4048 metabolites exhibit anti-proliferative effects on breast cancer, the biochemical mechanism involved in their effects remains unclear. In the present study, KYC4048 metabolites were separated into polar and non-polar (ethyl acetate and n-hexane) fractions via liquid-liquid extraction.

Protection and immune modulation of activated human vaginal epithelial cells by Aurea helianthus extract.

Aurea helianthus extract is associated with various properties including anti-melanogenesis, anti-oxidation, tumorigenic suppression, and immunoregulation; however, the mechanism by which it executes the immunomodulation of human vaginal epithelial cells (HVECs) remains elusive. We established three immunological functions of the extract. First, it mediated tumorigenic suppression in HVECs.

Effects of KYC4048 Metabolites on Breast Cancer Cell Death.

Using MCF7 breast cancer cells, we tested the anticancer activity of metabolites from 130 strains of myxobacteria newly isolated in South Korea. Of these, three strains whose metabolites had high anticancer activity and low cell toxicity were selected and identified by their fruiting body morphology, cell morphology, and 16S rRNA sequence. Strains KYC4030 and KYC4048 were determined to be , whereas strain KYC4081 was identified as .

Correlation between Sorangium cellulosum subgroups and their potential for secondary metabolite production.

Phylogenetic analysis of the groEL1 and xynB1 gene sequences from Sorangium cellulosum strains isolated in Korea previously revealed the existence of at least 5 subgroups (A-E). In the present study, we used sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified biosynthetic genes of strains from the 5 subgroups to indicate correlations between S. cellulosum subgroups and their secondary metabolic gene categories.

Operon required for fruiting body development in Myxococcus xanthus.

We have used mutational analysis to identify four genes, MXAN3553, MXAN3554, MXAN3555, and MXAN3556, constituting an operon that is essential for normal fruiting body development in Myxococcus xanthus. Deletion of MXAN3553, which encoded a hypothetical protein, resulted in delayed fruiting body development. MXAN3554 was predicted to encode a metallopeptidase, and its deletion caused fruiting body formation to fail.