Mental health help-seeking behaviours among children and young people from culturally and linguistically diverse communities in a multicultural urban Australian population.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the help-seeking behaviours among children and young people (CYP) from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds for mental health (MH) needs in a multicultural Australian population.

Methods: We analysed the electronic medical records (eMR) of 8135 MH-related emergency department (ED) encounters of CYP aged up to 18 years across six public hospitals in the South Western Sydney Local Health District, Australia, from January 2016 to April 2022. Urgency of MH care was grouped into high priority (triage categories 1 and 2, needing to have treatment within 10 minutes) and low-to-moderate (triage categories 3-5, needing to have treatment within 30-120 minutes) presentations.

Self-harm-related mental health presentations to emergency departments by children and young people from culturally and linguistically diverse groups in South Western Sydney.

Background: Rates of self-harm among children and young people (CYP) have been on the rise, presenting major public health concerns in Australia and worldwide. However, there is a scarcity of evidence relating to self-harm among CYP from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds.

Aims: To analyse the relationship between self-harm-related mental health presentations of CYP to emergency departments and CALD status in South Western Sydney (SWS), Australia.

Prevalence and prophylactic management of premolars with dens evaginatus in singaporean school children: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Dens evaginatus (DE) is characterised by the presence of a tubercle projection, which when fractured may lead to pulpal pathology. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of DE in the local population and the long-term outcomes of asymptomatic DE premolars managed with tubercle grinding and composite overlay.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 9-year-old Singaporean children.

More than just body mass index: Using the Edmonton obesity staging system for pediatrics to define obesity severity in a multi-ethnic Australian pediatric clinical cohort.

Background: Despite advancements in the use of body mass index (BMI) to categorize obesity severity in pediatrics, its utility in guiding individual clinical decision making remains limited. The Edmonton Obesity Staging System for Pediatrics (EOSS-P) provides a way to categorize the medical and functional impacts of obesity according to the severity of impairment. The aim of this study was to describe the severity of obesity among a sample of multicultural Australian children using both BMI and EOSS-P tools.

A survey of pediatric oncology nurses' oral health knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived barriers in a Singapore Tertiary Children's Hospital.

Aim: To explore oral health-related knowledge, abilities, attitudes, practices, and barriers of pediatric oncology nurses at an Asian children's hospital.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted via a self-administered anonymized questionnaire. Data was analyzed to summarize knowledge, confidence, and practice behaviors.

Watch me grow integrated (WMG-I): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial of a web-based surveillance approach for developmental screening in primary care settings.

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of developmental disorders in early childhood poses a significant global health burden. Early detection of developmental problems is vital to ensure timely access to early intervention, and universal developmental surveillance is recommended best practice for identifying issues. Despite this, there is currently considerable variation in developmental surveillance and screening between Australian states and territories and low rates of developmental screening uptake by parents.

Screening of vitamin D and calcium concentrations in neonates of mothers at high risk of vitamin D deficiency.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine, retrospectively, the serum 25OHD and calcium concentrations of screened neonates of mothers at high risk of 25OHD deficiency and examine whether their measurement contributes to the management of these neonates.

Methods: Serum 25OHD and calcium concentrations from 600 samples of umbilical cord blood or venous blood collected from neonates over a 12-month period were analysed.

Results: There was a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (27.

Caries Risk Prediction Models in a Medical Health Care Setting.

Despite development of new technologies for caries control, tooth decay in primary teeth remains a major global health problem. Caries risk assessment (CRA) models for toddlers and preschoolers are rare. Among them, almost all models use dental factors (e.

Parental acceptance of silver diammine fluoride in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have concerns with fluoride/silver content in silver diammine fluoride (SDF).

Aim: To compare parental acceptance of SDF and dental fear between children with and without ASD.

Design: Three hundred parents were enrolled.

Nitrous oxide inhalation sedation in dentistry: An overview of its applications and safety profile.

Nitrous oxide in oxygen (NO/O) inhalation sedation is used less commonly by Singapore dentists than their counterparts in the United Kingdom and the United States. Using this technique, trained dentists often perform the dual roles of a sedationist and an operating dentist. This paper describes the mechanism of action of NO and highlights the modern gas delivery system commonly used in dentistry.

Pediatricians' Self-Efficacy Affects Frequency of Giving Oral Health Advice, Conducting Oral Examination, and Prescribing Referrals.

To assess the role of pediatricians' self-efficacy on frequency of enquiring about dental visits, conducting oral examinations, and prescription of referrals to dentists.
Pediatricians and pediatric medicine residents in public hospitals in Singapore completed a self-administered written questionnaire between April and October 2015. Participants' demographics, training, knowledge of oral health, perceived importance of oral health, and confidence in health-promoting behaviors were assessed.

Safety and effectiveness of intramuscular ketamine sedation in the management of children with oro-dental trauma in a paediatric emergency department.

Background/aims: Ketamine sedation has not been reported to be widely used as a pharmacological behavioural management strategy to facilitate the treatment of acute paediatric oro-dental trauma. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of intramuscular ketamine sedation for managing paediatric oro-dental trauma in a paediatric Emergency Department (ED).

Methods: The database of all paediatric procedural sedations performed in the hospital ED from 01 January 2014 to 31 December 2016 was reviewed to identify cases where intramuscular ketamine sedation was administered for dentists' treatment of oro-dental trauma.

A novel Ser40Trp variant in IFITM5 in a family with osteogenesis imperfecta and review of the literature.

Osteogenesis imperfecta, is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous connective tissue disorder that disrupts bone architecture, making it fragile and more prone to fractures. While more than 85% of cases are due to variants in COL1A1 and COL1A2, variants in noncollagen genes have been identified in the remaining cases. The recurring heterozygous variant in IFITM5 (c.

Prevalence and determinants of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding in the early postnatal period in Sydney, Australia.

Background: Optimal breastfeeding has benefits for the mother-infant dyads. This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the early postnatal period in a culturally and linguistically diverse population in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Methods: The study used routinely collected perinatal data on all live births in 2014 ( = 17,564) in public health facilities in two Local Health Districts in Sydney, Australia.

The effect of resin infiltration and oxidative pre-treatment on microshear bond strength of resin composite to hypomineralised enamel.

Background: Reduced bond strengths of resin composites to hypomineralised enamel increase restorative failure.

Aim: To investigate if the adhesion of resin composite to hypomineralised enamel can be improved by pre-treatments: resin infiltration, oxidative pre-treatment followed by a resin infiltration, or oxidative pre-treatment.

Design: Twenty-one enamel specimens in each of five Groups: 1) Normal enamel; 2) Hypomineralised enamel; 3) Hypomineralised enamel pre-treated with a resin infiltrant, (Icon(®)); 4) Hypomineralised enamel pre-treated with 5.

Nosocomial pulmonary tuberculosis contact investigation in a neonatal intensive care unit.

The diagnosis of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in a medical officer working in a metropolitan Australian neonatal intensive care unit led to a contact investigation involving 125 neonates, 165 relatives, and 122 healthcare workers with varying degrees of exposure. There was no evidence of nosocomial tuberculosis transmission from the index case.

Mechanical properties of two restorative reinforced glass-ionomer cements.

This study investigated the mechanical properties (hardness, compressive and diametral tensile strength) of two restorative reinforced glass-ionomer cements (GC Fuji IX GP and Miracle Mix). The mechanical properties of the two cements were compared after 1 day, 1 week and 1 month storage in distilled water at 37 degrees C. Hardness testing (VHN) was carried out with a digital microhardness tester (load = 50 g, dwell time = 30 s) and compressive/diametral tensile strength testing (MPa) was conducted based upon British Standard Specification for Glass-Ionomer Cements (BS 6039: 1981).

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of morphine in neonates.

Morphine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (analgesia and sedation) were evaluated after continuous intravenous infusion of morphine in 19 neonates, both preterm and term, whose lungs were ventilated to relieve respiratory distress. Elimination half-life, total plasma clearance, and volume of distribution (mean +/- SD) were 9.6 +/- 3.