The consensus of the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología on the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants.

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a frequent normal phenomenon in children of any age. It is more common in infants, in whom the majority of episodes are short-lived and cause no other symptoms or complications, differentiating it from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The diagnosis and management of GER and GERD continue to be a challenge for the physician.

Consensus on the management of complications of cirrhosis of the liver in pediatrics.

The Asociación Mexicana de Hepatología A.C. carried out the Consensus on the Management of Complications of Cirrhosis of the Liver in Pediatrics to provide physicians with useful information for treating said complications.

The Mexican consensus on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects nearly one third of the population worldwide. Mexico is one of the countries whose population has several risk factors for the disease and its prevalence could surpass 50%. If immediate action is not taken to counteract what is now considered a national health problem, the medium-term panorama will be very bleak.

[Colorimetric card use for early detection visual biliary atresia].

Background: Bile duct atresia (BVA) is a condition that causes obstruction to biliary flow, not corrected surgically, causes cirrhosis and death before 2 years of age. In Mexico from 2013 the visual colorimetric card (VVC) was incorporated for the timely detection of BVA to the National Health Card (NHC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of VCT for the detection of BVA before and after the use of NHC incorporation.

The Mexican consensus on probiotics in gastroenterology.

Introduction: Probiotics are frequently prescribed in clinical practice. Their efficacy in treating gastrointestinal disorders is supported by a significant number of clinical trials. However, the correct prescription of these agents is hampered due to a lack of knowledge of the scientific evidence and to the different presentations and microbial compositions of the probiotics that are currently available.

[Guía latinoamericana para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de alergia a las proteínas de la leche de vaca (GL-APLV)].

Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is an immune-based disease that has become an increasing problem. The diagnosis and management of CMA varies from one clinical setting to another and represents a challenge in pediatric practice. In addition, because nonallergic food reactions can be confused with CMA symptoms, there is an overdiagnosis of the disease.

Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) in children.

Introduction: Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction is an important cause of portal hypertension among children. The etiology is heterogeneous and there are few evidences related to the optimal treatment.

Aim And Methods: To establish guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of EHPVO in children, a group of gastroenterologists and pediatric surgery experts reviewed and analyzed data reported in the literature and issued evidence-based recommendations.

[Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of constipation in Mexico. D) Evaluation and treatment of constipation in pediatric population].

Background: Constipation is one of the most common causes of consultation in pediatric practice, it has a multifactorial etiology and its treatment can be complex.

Objectives And Methods: To establish the clinical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation in pediatric population in Mexico, a review of the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects was conducted by an expert group of pediatric gastroenterologist in our country.

Results: Constipation is a symptom that reflects the presence of fecal retention, which is reported by patients or their relatives as decreased stool frequency, hard stools, and sometimes pain and excessive pushing.

[Pharmacological treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome: a technical review].

Introduction: The goal of a comprehensive treatment in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients should be the improvement of symptoms and improve the quality of life.

Aim: To review the drugs recommended in IBS, their mechanisms of action, side effects, risks and benefits, contraindications, availability in our country and the evidence supporting their use.

Material And Methods: A technical and narrative review which evaluated the articles published in national and world literature regarding the pharmacological treatment of IBS was performed.