Heterogeneous behavior of lipids according to HbA1c levels undermines the plausibility of metabolic syndrome in type 1 diabetes: data from a nationwide multicenter survey.

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) may cluster in type 1 diabetes, analogously to the metabolic syndrome described in type 2 diabetes. The threshold of HbA1c above which lipid variables start changing behavior is unclear. This study aims to 1) assess the behavior of dyslipidemia according to HbA1c values; 2) detect a threshold of HbA1c beyond which lipids start to change and 3) compare the clustering of lipids and other non-lipid CVRF among strata of HbA1c individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Implementation of a systematic approach to diabetes in primary care in Bahia, Brazil improves metabolic outcomes: PRODIBA-Programa de Interiorização da Assistência ao Diabetes na Bahia (Project for Dissemination of Diabetes Care in the State of Bahia).

Background: Staged Diabetes Management (SDM) improves glycaemic control and reduces diabetes-related complications in primary care.

Methods: An 18-month randomized controlled cohort study was conducted in two municipalities in the state of Bahia, Brazil, involving 100 patients with Type 2 diabetes in each municipality. In one municipality, healthcare professionals were trained to use SDM customized protocols for clinical decisions and, in the other municipality, no protocols for diabetes care were implemented.