Incidence, risk and risk factors for acute kidney injury associated with the use of intravenous indomethacin in neonatal patent ductus arteriosus: A 16-year retrospective cohort study.

Background: Intravenous indomethacin has been used in infants for many years as the pharmacological closure of ductus arteriosus, but the incidence, risk, and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) among infants treated with indomethacin, were still scarce.

Objectives: To determine the incidence, risk, and risk factors of AKI among infants treated with indomethacin (exposed group) for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure compared with the matched non-exposed infants.

Methods: A matched retrospective cohort study of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Songklanagarind Hospital from January 2003 to December 2018 was performed.

Efficacy and safety of combined isoniazid-rifampicin-pyrazinamide-levofloxacin dry powder inhaler in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of add-on dry powder for inhalation (DPI) of combined anti-TB agents prepared as a particulate system (study group) compared with placebo DPI (control group) in patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB.

Methods: This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded parallel design. Subjects were pulmonary TB patients, new or re-treatment, aged 18 years or older.

Inpatient self-administered medication under the supervision of a multidisciplinary team: a randomized, controlled, blinded parallel trial.

Background: Self-administered medication (SAM) is encouraged in many hospitals worldwide as it increases patients' knowledge and understanding of their medication, but the effects on other outcomes, e.g. compliance or medication errors, were unclear.

Evaluation of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Adverse Events in Healthy Volunteers upon Inhalation of Antituberculosis Drugs.

Inhalation therapy is a promising drug delivery approach for tuberculosis treatment. However, there is always concern about the safety of the dosage form by inhalation as it may induce inflammation. Developing a new dosage form for inhalation must include tests for its safety especially for the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukine (IL)-1β.

Physicians' practices regarding management of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity.

To investigate the practices of physicians regarding the diagnosis and management of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ATH), a cross sectional descriptive survey using a self-administered questionnaire with multiple choice questions was conducted among physicians who treated adult tuberculosis (TB) patients at 74 public hospitals in southern Thailand. Of the 272 questionnaires mailed, 204 (75%) were returned. Sixty-two physicians (31.

Incidence and risk for neutropenia/agranulocytosis among clozapine users: A retrospective cohort study.

Abstract Objective. To estimate the incidence and the risk of neutropenia or agranulocytosis (the outcome) associated with clozapine use (the exposure), and to identify risk factors. Methods.

Effect of pharmacist participation in the health care team on therapeutic drug monitoring utilization for antiepileptic drugs.

Objective: To compare the proportions of appropriate TDM utilization regarding the indication, sampling time, and application of the measured drug levels of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) between the pre-intervention period and pharmacist intervention period.

Material And Method: The baseline evaluation and pharmacist intervention study of TDM use for phenytoin, carbamazepine, or valproic acid were conducted at a medical teaching hospital in Southern Thailand. TDM requests, interpretation and dosage adjustment recommendations were mainly responsible by residents.

Safety and efficacy of oral nifedipine versus terbutaline injection in preterm labor.

Objective: To compare the safety and tocolytic efficacy of oral nifedipine with intravenous terbutaline for the management of threatened preterm labor.

Material And Method: Pregnant women between 24 and 36 completed weeks of single gestation with preterm labor were randomized to either oral nifedipine (n=20) or intravenous terbutaline (n=20) treatment. Nifedipine (immediate released capsule) 10 mg was crushed and swallowed, 10 mg every 20 minutes was allowed if necessary with a maximum 40 mg in the first hour.

Appropriateness of therapeutic drug monitoring for lithium.

Objective: Evaluate the appropriateness of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for lithium.

Material And Method: A retrospective chart review of all patients who received lithium for treatment of psychiatric disorders between January 2004 and October 2005 was done. The present study was investigated in a psychiatric hospital in Thailand Based on detailed chart review, the appropriateness of TDM utilization comprised of three aspects, i.

Clearance of vancomycin during high-efficiency hemodialysis.

Background: Vancomycin is commonly used for the treatment of MRSA infections in critically ill patients with renal diseases. Vancomycin is mainly eliminated through the kidney. Its excretion is therefore substantially reduced in severe renal impaired patients.

Valproic acid and risk of acute pancreatitis: a population-based case-control study.

To examine whether acute pancreatitis is associated with use of valproic acid. Through the population-based hospital discharge registries we identified all patients with an incident hospitalization of acute pancreatitis in the counties of North Jutland (data 1991 to 2003), Aarhus (data 1996 to 2003), and Viborg (data 1998 to 2003), Denmark. From the Danish Civil Registration System, we selected 10 sex-matched and age-matched population controls per case on the basis of risk set sampling.

Adverse pregnancy outcome in users of sulfamethizole during pregnancy: a population-based observational study.

Objective: To estimate the risk of adverse birth and neonatal outcome, and miscarriage in women who used sulfamethizole during pregnancy.

Methods: The association between use of sulfamethizole and adverse birth and neonatal outcome was investigated in a case-control and a cohort study in Denmark. We used data from the Prescription Database, the Birth Registry and the Hospital Discharge Registry in North Jutland County to study any association between sulfamethizole use and first recorded miscarriage.

Adverse pregnancy outcome in women exposed to acyclovir during pregnancy: a population-based observational study.

This study aimed to examine the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in children born to mothers who redeemed a prescription for systemic or topical acyclovir during pregnancy. Data on prescriptions of acyclovir were obtained from the Danish North Jutland Prescription Database and data on pregnancy outcomes from the Danish Medical Birth Registry and the County Hospital Discharge Registry. The risk of malformations, low birth weight, preterm birth and stillbirth in users of acyclovir were compared with non-exposed women using a follow-up design, while the risk of spontaneous abortion was examined using a case-control design.

A randomized controlled educational intervention on emergency contraception among drugstore personnel in southern Thailand.

Objective: to document the effectiveness of an educational intervention in improving knowledge of and practice in dispensing emergency contraception (EC) among drugstore personnel in Thailand.

Methods: Sixty of 120 drugstores in Hat Yai, a city in Southern Thailand, were randomly selected, and half of them were randomly assigned to participate in an educational program. Well-trained "secret" shoppers went into each store before the intervention and at 1 and 3 months after the program to assess the knowledge of and practice in dispensing EC among the drugstore personnel.