PEEP titration guided by electrical impedance tomography in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration is crucial for improving oxygenation and preventing ventilator-induced lung injury in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) offers real-time, bedside monitoring of lung ventilation distribution, potentially guiding individualized PEEP settings.

Bioimpedance analysis for fluid status assessment in critically ill septic patients.

The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of bioimpedance analysis in fluid status evaluation in patients with sepsis and septic shock admitted to the adult ICU.

Comparative characteristics of some methods for estimating energy expenditure in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients.

To compare the energy expenditure (EE) assessed by ventilator-derived carbon dioxide production (EE-VCO2-ventilator) and the energy expenditure calculated from six predictive equations with the gold standard energy expenditure measured with indirect calorimetry (IC) in mechanically ventilated patients.

Surgical treatment of pneumothorax in patients with COVID-19 - results and management.

Introduction: The new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, provokes infection with different clinical presentation. It involves an asymptomatic condition, mild variants with fever and dry cough to severe pneumonia, adynamia and respiratory failure with lethal outcome. The fibrotic lung tissue after the inflammatory process is a background for development of a secondary pneumothorax.

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Type IV - Anaesthetic Considerations.

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a rare disorder that occurs due to genetic defect in the collagen synthesis. The vascular subtype of EDS (type IV) is defined by characteristic facial features, translucent skin, easy bruising, and spontaneous arterial rupture and visceral perforation of such organs as the uterus and intestines, with possible life-threatening consequences. We report a case of a 15-year-old male patient with no past medical history undergoing emergency laparotomy after a spontaneous sigmoid colon perforation.

Bilateral pheochromocytoma/intra-adrenal paraganglioma in von Hippel-Lindau patient causing acute myocardial infarction.

A 26-year-old male presented to the emergency department complaining of obstipation, severe headache and abdominal pain. An autopsy revealed bilateral pheochromocytoma and acute myocardial infarction. The tumor cells showed positive immunoreactivity of both chromogranin A and synaptophysin and were negative for adrenocortical markers such as SF-1, c17, scc, 3-HSD as well as SDHB, suggesting a germline mutation of the gene SDHB or SDHD.

Acute perforated diverticulitis of the colon as a rare cause for development of abdominal compartment syndrome.

Aim: The aim of the present retrospective study was to assess the surgical approaches to acute perforated diverticulitis of the colon causing peritonitis and in some cases complicated with abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS).

Patients And Methods: A total of eight patients (6 males and 2 females) have been operated on for 5 years for perforated diverticulum of the colon. The males had a mean age of 72 +/- 2.

Safety and efficacy of modified radical lymph nodes dissection in patients with papillary thyroid cancer and clinically evident lymph nodes metastasis.

Introduction: Papillary cancer of the thyroid gland is well known as a lymphotropic type of cancer. In more than 50 percent of all cases it metastasizes first and mainly in regional lymph nodes. The extent of surgical intervention remains a subject of controversy and discussions.

Interleukin-10-1082 promoter polymorphism in association with cytokine production and sepsis susceptibility.

Objective: To investigate the -1082 (A/G) polymorphism in the promoter of the IL-10 gene in terms of IL-10 production from stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and to evaluate the relationship of this polymorphism with susceptibility to severe sepsis and the outcome of the disease.

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: Research laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology and University Hospital ICU, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University.

Enteral nutrition in sepsis patients.

Sepsis, with its associated complications, is a leading cause of death in intensive care units. It is a major public health problem world-wide. The altered metabolism, severe condition and specific organ failure in sepsis patients get entangled in a vicious circle.

High interleukin 12 and low interleukin 10 production after in vitro stimulation detected in sepsis survivors.

Objective: To evaluate viability of isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and production of cytokines in vitro after stimulation as prognostic factors for survival in sepsis patients.

Design: Prospective study of the biological response of PBMC in the onset of severe sepsis.

Setting: Research laboratory of molecular biology and immunology and university hospital ICU, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University.

Experimental study of the morphological and electromyographic characteristics of the most frequent iatrogenic lesions of the recurrent laryngeal nerves in thyroid surgery.

Introduction: Iatrogenic lesions of the recurrent laryngeal nerves remain one of the most severe and frequent complications in thyroid surgery. According to Eisele (Laryngoscope 1996;106:443) their incidence varies between 1% and 12% depending on the size of surgery.

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine experimentally the type of neural lesion and the efficiency of stimulation electromyography for immediate evaluation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve function in the most common surgical traumas.

Surgical treatment of bronchobiliary fistulas due to complicated echinococcosis of the liver: case report and literature review.

Echinococcosis still remains a widespread disease associated with the development of a number of complications. The present study presents three patients, successfully treated surgically of bronchobiliary fistulas--in two of the patients the fistulas were due to complicated echinococcosis of the liver, and in the third patient the fistula was a result of a hepatic abscess which developed in a residual cavity after echinococcectomy. The patients were discharged from hospital in good health.

Clinical and bacteriological results from the administration of Cefepime (Maxipime) in patients with severe sepsis.

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and bacteriological efficacy of Cefepime administered to critically ill sepsis patients, as well as possible adverse reactions and interactions.

Material/methods: 30 patients with severe sepsis of different origin were treated with Cefepime a dosage of 2.0 g bid.