Comparison of transcutaneous bilirubin under patch-covered skin with total serum bilirubin in neonates undergoing phototherapy.

Transcutaneous bilirubinometry (TcB) is a recognized tool to monitor neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, demonstrating a high correlation with total serum bilirubin (TSB) before phototherapy. However, once phototherapy is started, TcB may become unreliable. To evaluate the correlation and agreement of TcB measured under variously patched skin at different sites (a coin over the sternum, eye shield over the forehead, and diaper area at the back) with TSB.

Outcomes of OCT imaging-based reoperations in strabismus.

Purpose: Reoperations in strabismus are reportedly needed in 20-40% of cases undergoing surgery. The present study investigated the outcomes of reoperations based on preoperative imaging of extraocular muscle insertions, and whether the Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (ASOCT) was of value.

Methods: Patients with strabismus requiring reoperation with/without previous surgical records at the Advanced Eye Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh were recruited.

Microchannel fabrication on bio-grade Nitinol SMA by μ-ED milling process using sustainable oil for improving the machining performance and biocompatibility.

The process of micromachining has garnered attention for its ability to create three-dimensional tiny features, particularly in ultra-hard and exotic materials. The present work investigates the effect of different parameters of the µ-ED milling, such as pulse on time (Ton), pulse off time (Toff), voltage (V), and tool rotation (TR) on the dimensional deviation (DD), material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Ra), and machined surface characteristics (analysed by EDS and FESEM). The sesame oil as dielectric and tungsten-copper as tool electrodes were used to maintain the accuracy and improve the machinability of bio-grade Nitinol SMA.

Artocarpus lakoocha seed starch and thymol-based films for extending fresh fruit shelf life: Antioxidant and physicochemical properties.

This study addresses the need for sustainable fruit preservation packaging by developing biodegradable films from nonconventional starch sources. The purpose was to enhance film properties and antioxidant capabilities using fatty acid-modified Artocarpus lakoocha starch films incorporated with thymol. The objective is to evaluate the impact of fatty acid modification on film characteristics and the antioxidant potential of thymol-unfused films.

Review of current methods of preparation and distribution of DMEK graft at the eye banks.

The scope of eye banking activities has been expanding with the advances and techniques of keratoplasty. With the popularity of descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in the recent decade, there is a need to adopt the preparation of DMEK tissues in the eye banks. This necessitated surgical training of the eye bank technicians, development of infrastructure in the eye bank, innovative methods of graft preparation, and delivery for the surgery at distant surgery centers.

PI3K signaling and lysyl oxidase is critical to corneal stroma fibrosis following mustard gas injury.

Sulfur mustard gas (SM), an alkylating and vesicating agent, has been used frequently in many wars and conflicts. SM exposure to the eye results in several corneal abnormalities including scar/fibrosis formation. However, molecular mechanism for SM induced corneal fibrosis development is poorly understood.

Nebulized salbutamol for the treatment of transient tachypnea of the newborn: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of nebulized salbutamol in reducing respiratory distress in late preterm and term neonates with transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN).

Study Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial.

Methods: Neonates with TTN (n = 134) were allocated to nebulized salbutamol (n = 67) versus placebo (normal saline) (n = 67).

Cation-Cation, Cation-Anion, and Anion-Anion Translation Diffusion in Ionic Liquids─Insight from NMR Relaxometry.

H and F spin-lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for a series of ionic liquids: [HMIM][TFSI], [OMIM][TFSI], and [DMIM][TFSI] including the same anion and cations with progressively longer alkyl chains. The experiments were performed in a wide frequency range from 10 kHz to 10 MHz (referring to the H resonance frequency) versus temperature. This extensive data set has been analyzed in terms of a theoretical model including all relevant homonuclear (H-H and F-F) and heteronuclear (H-F) relaxation pathways and linking the relaxation features to the relative translational diffusion between the ion pairs (cation-cation, cation-anion, and anion-anion).

Shrill cry, opisthotonus, and sun setting sign in a yellow neonate.

We report a case of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia (NNH) in a term neonate due to rhesus isoimmunisation resulting in classical clinical features of acute bilirubin encephalopathy and its sequel, kernicterus. Though NNH is common, its complications are less often encountered today with the widespread availability of effective phototherapy. It is important not to miss the clinical signs of this preventable cause of neuro-disability.

EMMY trial: What we know and what we need to know.

SGLT-2 inhibitors are a class of antidiabetic drugs with additional cardiovascular benefits. Though initially developed for glycemic control, subsequent studies in the heart failure (HF) population also demonstrated positive outcomes. Currently, they are approved for use in HF with both reduced and preserved ejection fraction.

Optimum oxygen concentration for initiation of delivery room stabilization in preterm neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Rationale: The ideal choice of initial fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) to stabilize preterm neonates in the delivery room (DR) is not well-established.

Objective: To compare the effects of different initial FiO in neonates < 34 weeks' gestation requiring respiratory support for DR stabilization.

Methods: In this open-labeled, assessor-blinded, parallel-group randomized controlled trial, 150 neonates were allocated to initiate DR-stabilization with 60 % (n = 75) versus 30 % (n = 75) FiO, followed by titration to peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO) targets.

Retinal microglia-derived S100A9 incite NLRP3 inflammasome in a Western diet fed Ossabaw pig retina.

Purpose: We established S100A9 as a myeloid-derived damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) protein associated with increasing severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetic subjects. The present study investigates the retinal localization, expression, and mechanisms of action for S100A9 in the young obese Ossabaw pig retina.

Methods: Retinae from Ossabaw pigs fed a Western diet for 10 weeks were evaluated for S100 and inflammatory mediator expression using quantitative PCR and Western blot.

Clinical characteristics, risk factor analysis and outcomes in 61 eyes with graft rejection after descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty, with a review of literature.

Purpose: To report the demographic profile, clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of graft rejection after DSEK.

Methods: A total of 3073 eyes had DSEK between 2012 and 2019, of which 1710 eyes that had follow up of more than one year. Sixty-one eyes who had graft rejection during this period were studied.

Enhancing the Cumulene Character of One-Dimensional Acetylene-Based Systems by Stimuli-Induced Planarization of Their Two Pro-diradicaloid Cyclopenta[h,i]aceanthrylene Units.

Acetylene/polyynes -(C≡C-) and cumulenes =(C=) are connectors widely used for the realization of one-dimensional (1D) π-conjugates. Although both π-moieties are constituted by sp carbon atoms, their different bond connectivity confers distinct physicochemical properties to the resulting systems. In this context, while many acetylene/polyyne- and cumulene-based derivatives have been prepared and studied, no reports have tackled the possibility to reversibly alter the acetylene/polyyne-cumulene electronic character of these derivatives using mild conditions.

Clinical profile and etiological spectrum of patients presenting with corneal hydrops over a 12-year period.

Purpose: To describe the demographics, clinical characteristics, and management of corneal hydrops in patients presenting to a multi-tier ophthalmology hospital network in India.

Design: Cross-sectional hospital-based study.

Methods: Of the total of 3,140,941 new patients presenting between October 2010 and March 2022, patients with a clinical diagnosis of corneal hydrops in at least one eye were included in the study.

A Novel Artificial Endothelial Replacement Membrane for the Treatment of Chronic Corneal Edema.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the safety and efficacy results of an artificial lamellar implant for the treatment of chronic corneal edema.

Methods: The EndoArt (EyeYon Medical, Ness Ziona, Israel), an artificial endothelial replacement membrane designed to treat corneal edema, was implanted in 24 eyes of 24 patients with low-to-normal visual potential. We present the safety and efficacy results from a prospective, open-label, single-arm, multicenter study conducted over a 12-month period.

Dynamics of ionic liquid-polymer gel membranes-Insight from NMR relaxometry for [BMIM][BF4]-PVDF-HFP systems.

1H spin-lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for ionic liquid-polymer gel membranes, including 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]) and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) with different proportions. The experiments have been performed in a broad range of resonance frequencies (from about 5 Hz to 40 MHz) vs temperature and complemented with analogous studies for [BMIM][BF4] in bulk as a reference. A model of the relaxation processes in the membranes has been proposed.

Advanced stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for the quantification of lurasidone hydrochloride in bulk and PLGA-based in situ implant formulation.

Objectives: The aims of the present investigation was to develop and validate stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for the estimation of Lurasidone hydrochloride (LURA-H) followed by its drug product, LURA-H encapsulated poly-D,L lactic-glycolic acid (PLGA) based in situ depot forming implant (LURA-H-PLGA-ISI).

Methods: The LURA-H-PLGA-ISI formulation was developed by simple mixing method. According to international conference on harmonization guidelines, RP-HPLC method was developed and validated using Waters 2695 and discovery C18, 5μ, 250×4.

Recent advances associated with cardiometabolic remodeling in diabetes-induced heart failure.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, and despite intensive glycemic control, the risk of heart failure in patients with diabetes remains high. Diabetes-induced heart failure (DHF) presents a unique metabolic challenge, driven by significant alterations in cardiac substrate metabolism, including increased reliance on fatty acid oxidation, reduced glucose utilization, and impaired mitochondrial function. These metabolic alterations lead to oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and energy deficits, contributing to the progression of heart failure.

Title of the article: diagnostic markers for odontogenic tumors: an insight: a review.

Odontogenic tumors are a group of tumors that originate from the tissues associated with tooth development and are classified into benign or malignant based on their behavior and characteristics. Tumor markers are substances that can be found in the blood, urine, or tissues of individuals with cancer. They are the substances produced either by tumor cells itself or by the body in response to tumor growth, can sometimes be used in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of various types of tumors.