Metabolically healthy obesity in adults with X-linked hypophosphatemia.

Objectives: X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is characterized by increased concentrations of circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) resulting in phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, atypical growth plate and bone matrix mineralization. Epidemiologic studies suggest a relationship between FGF-23, obesity, and metabolic dysfunction. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is high in children with XLH.

Development and Validation of a Novel Mobility Test for Rod-Cone Dystrophies: From Reality to Virtual Reality.

Purpose: To validate a novel mobility test (MOST, MObility Standardized Test) and performance outcomes in real (RL) and virtual (VR) environments to be used for interventional clinical studies in order to characterize vision impairment in rod-cone dystrophies, also known as retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Design: Prospective, interventional, noninvasive, reliability and validity analysis.

Methods: We designed MOST to be used in both VR and RL and conducted 3 experimental studies with 89 participants to (1) validate the difficulty of the mobility courses (15 controls), (2) determine the optimal number of light levels and training trials (14 participants with RP), and (3) validate the reproducibility (test-retest), reliability (VR/RL), sensitivity, and construct/content validity of the test (30 participants with RP and 30 controls).

Incidence and characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment during coronavirus-19 pandemic: A French study.

Purpose: To assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown on the number and clinical characteristics of patients with retinal detachment (RD) in a French public university eye hospital.

Methods: Single-center, retrospective non-interventional study. Patients consulting at the emergency room (ER) of Quinze-Vingts Hospital (France) for rhegmatogenous RD before and after instauration of the lockdown were reviewed.

Hyperparathyroidism in Patients With X-Linked Hypophosphatemia.

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is characterized by increased activity of circulating FGF23 resulting in renal phosphate wasting and abnormal bone mineralization. Hyperparathyroidism may develop in XLH patients; however, its prevalence, pathogenesis, and clinical presentation are not documented. This observational study (CNIL 171036 v 0) recruited XLH adult patients in a single tertiary referral center.

Radiotherapy boost in patients with hypoxic lesions identified by F-FMISO PET/CT in non-small-cell lung carcinoma: can we expect a better survival outcome without toxicity? [RTEP5 long-term follow-up].

Purpose: Chemoradiotherapy is the reference curative-intent treatment for nonresectable locally advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), with unsatisfactory survival, partially due to radiation resistance in hypoxic tissues. The objective was to update survival and toxicity at 3 years following radiotherapy boost to hypoxic tumours in NSCLC patients treated with curative-intent chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: This was an open-label, nonrandomized, multicentre, phase II clinical trial.

Reproducibility of differential renal function measurement using technetium-99m-ethylenedicysteine dynamic renal scintigraphy: a French prospective multicentre study.

Objective: Dynamic renal scintigraphy remains the gold standard for assessing differential renal function (DRF). Recently, technetium-99m-ethylenedicysteine (Tc-EC) was shown to be valuable and had similar quality images as technetium-99m-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (Tc-MAG3). However, its reproducibility has never been confirmed.

Clinical Validation of a Pixon-Based Reconstruction Method Allowing a Twofold Reduction in Planar Images Time of 111In-Pentetreotide Somatostatin Receptor Scintigraphy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of Pixon-based reconstruction method on planar somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS).

Methods: All patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) disease who were referred for SRS to our department during 1-year period from January to December 2015 were consecutively included. Three nuclear physicians independently reviewed all the data sets of images which included conventional images (CI; 15 min/view) and processed images (PI) obtained by reconstructing the first 450 s extracted data using Oncoflash software package.

Effect of CRP value on F-FDG PET vascular positivity in Takayasu arteritis: a systematic review and per-patient based meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to quantify the association between the CRP value and F-FDG PET vascular positivity in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) through a structured dedicated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: From January 2000 to December 2016, the PubMed/MEDLINE database was searched for articles specifically dealing with the assessment of vascular inflammation using F-FDG PET and CRP biomarkers in TAK. Inclusion criteria for the qualitative analysis were (1) F-FDG PET used to assess the disease activity, (2) The use of the ACR criteria for the diagnosis of TAK, (3) No case mixed vasculitis (i.

Phase II Study of a Radiotherapy Total Dose Increase in Hypoxic Lesions Identified by F-Misonidazole PET/CT in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (RTEP5 Study).

See an invited perspective on this article on page 1043.This multicenter phase II study investigated a selective radiotherapy dose increase to tumor areas with significant F-misonidazole (F-FMISO) uptake in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Eligible patients had locally advanced NSCLC and no contraindication to concomitant chemoradiotherapy.

Impact of Retinitis Pigmentosa on Quality of Life, Mental Health, and Employment Among Young Adults.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between visual function and quality of life, education, mental health, and employment among young adults with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Inclusion of 148 patients (mean age 38.

Contribution of (18)F-FDG PET in the diagnostic assessment of fever of unknown origin (FUO): a stratification-based meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to quantify the contribution of FDG PET to the diagnostic assessment of fever of unknown origin (FUO), taking into account the diagnostic limitations resulting from the composite nature of this entity.

Methods: The PubMed/MEDLINE database was searched from 2000 to September 2015. Original articles fulfilling the following criteria were included: (1) FUO as the initial diagnosis, (2) no immunosuppressed or nosocomial condition, (3) final diagnosis not based on PET, (4) a follow-up period specified, (5) adult population, and (6) availability of adapted data for calculation of odds ratios (ORs).

Threshold levels of visual field and acuity loss related to significant decreases in the quality of life and emotional states of patients with retinitis pigmentosa.

Introduction: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal disorder, characterized by photoreceptor degeneration inducing progressive vision loss. This study evaluates its impact on quality of life (QOL) and emotional states of patients affected by RP.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 RP patients diagnosed with rod-cone dystrophy and on 20 control subjects.

Chronic urinary obstruction: evaluation of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR urography for measurement of split renal function.

Purpose: To evaluate if measurement of split renal function ( SRF split renal function ) with dynamic contrast material-enhanced ( DCE dynamic contrast enhanced ) magnetic resonance (MR) urography is equivalent to that with renal scintigraphy ( RS renal scintigraphy ) in patients suspected of having chronic urinary obstruction.

Materials And Methods: The study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the coordinating center on behalf of all participating centers. Informed consent was obtained from all adult patients or both parents of children.

Clinical problems in renovascular disease and the role of nuclear medicine.

Although renovascular disease remains defined as a stenosis of the main renal artery or its proximal branches (renal artery stenosis [RAS]), its clinical overview has changed dramatically over the last 15-20 years and its management is more controversial than ever before. The clinical problems, not only diagnosis and treatment but also the relative contribution of different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the progression of kidney disease, have shifted dramatically. This presentation aims to emphasize the paradigm change revisiting the (recent) past focused on renovascular hypertension (RVH) to the current context of preservation or recovery of threatened renal function in patients with progressive atherosclerotic renovascular disease until its last stage of irreversible "ischemic nephropathy.

Morphometric analysis of small arteries in the human retina using adaptive optics imaging: relationship with blood pressure and focal vascular changes.

Objectives: The wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR) of retinal arteries is a recognized surrogate of end-organ damage due to aging and/or arterial hypertension. However, parietal morphometry remains difficult to assess in vivo. Recently, it was shown that adaptive optics retinal imaging can resolve parietal structures of retinal arterioles in humans in vivo.

Interobserver agreement of qualitative analysis and tumor delineation of 18F-fluoromisonidazole and 3'-deoxy-3'-18F-fluorothymidine PET images in lung cancer.

Unlabelled: As the preparation phase of a multicenter clinical trial using (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ((18)F-FDG), (18)F-fluoromisonidazole ((18)F-FMISO), and 3'-deoxy-3'-(18)F-fluorothymidine ((18)F-FLT) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, we investigated whether 18 nuclear medicine centers would score tracer uptake intensity similarly and define hypoxic and proliferative volumes for 1 patient and we compared different segmentation methods.

Methods: Ten (18)F-FDG, ten (18)F-FMISO, and ten (18)F-FLT PET/CT examinations were performed before and during curative-intent radiotherapy in 5 patients with NSCLC. The gold standards for uptake intensity and volume delineation were defined by experts.

Optimizing statistical parametric mapping analysis of 18F-FDG PET in children.

Background: Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) procedure is an objective tool to analyze 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) images and a useful complement to visual analysis. However, SPM requires a comparison to control data set that cannot be obtained in healthy children for ethical reasons. Using adults as controls showed some limitations.

Foveal shape and structure in a normal population.

Purpose: The shape of the human fovea presents important but still poorly characterized variations. In this study, the variability of the shape and structure of normal foveae were examined.

Methods: In a group of 110 eyes of 57 healthy adults, the shape and structure of the fovea were analyzed by automated segmentation of retinal layer on high-resolution optical coherence tomography scans.

Functional renal imaging: new trends in radiology and nuclear medicine.

The objective of this work is to compare the characteristics of various techniques for functional renal imaging, with a focus on nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging. Even with low spatial resolution and rather poor signal-to-noise ratio, classical nuclear medicine has the advantage of linearity and good sensitivity. It remains the gold standard technique for renal relative functional assessment.

Carbon dioxide is largely responsible for the acute inflammatory effects of tobacco smoke.

Tobacco smoking is responsible for a vast array of diseases, particularly chronic bronchitis and lung cancer. It is still unclear which constituent(s) of the smoke is responsible for its toxicity. The authors decided to focus on carbon dioxide, since its level of concentration in mainstream cigarette smoke is about 200 times higher than in the atmosphere.

Synthesis and application of lactosylated, 99mTc chelating albumin for measurement of liver function.

Neogalactosylated and neolactosylated albumins are currently used as radiopharmaceutical agents for imaging the liver asialoglycoprotein receptors, which allows the quantification of hepatic liver function in various diseases and also in healthy liver transplant donors. We developed an original process for synthesizing a chelating neolactosylated human albumin using maleimidopropyl-lactose and maleimidopropyl-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) derivatives. The lactosylated protein (LACTAL) conjugate showed excellent liver uptake compared to nonlactosylated protein and a very high signal-to-noise ratio, based on functional assessment of biodistribution in mice using (99m)Tc-scintigraphy.

Intrapancreatic accessory spleen diagnosed on radionuclide imaging.

Intrapancreatic accessory spleen (IPAS) is ectopic splenic tissue distinct from the main spleen. A 46-year-old man with chronic hepatitis C, presented in 2006 with low right chest pain which led to a diagnosis of tuberculosis pleurisy. CT scan and MRI showed a round, homogenous, well limited mass of 3cm in the pancreas tail.