In Vitro Screening of Bacterial Isolates From Dairy Products for Probiotic Properties and Other Health-Promoting Attributes.

The present research was aimed to isolate potential probiotic organisms from dairy products locally made in and around the Saurashtra region of Gujarat. A total of 224 colonies were screened for primary attributes. Based on the results, 70 isolates were carried further for secondary screening.

Leveraging large language models to improve patient education on dry eye disease.

Background/objectives: Dry eye disease (DED) is an exceedingly common diagnosis in patients, yet recent analyses have demonstrated patient education materials (PEMs) on DED to be of low quality and readability. Our study evaluated the utility and performance of three large language models (LLMs) in enhancing and generating new patient education materials (PEMs) on dry eye disease (DED).

Subjects/methods: We evaluated PEMs generated by ChatGPT-3.

Sustained antiviral insulin signaling during West Nile virus infection results in viral mutations.

Arthropod-borne viruses or arboviruses, including West Nile virus (WNV), dengue virus (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) pose significant threats to public health. It is imperative to develop novel methods to control these mosquito-borne viral infections. We previously showed that insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling (IIS)-dependent activation of ERK and JAK-STAT signaling has significant antiviral activity in insects and human cells.

Influence of Common Medications on Diabetic Macular Edema in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the impact of systemic medications, including GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), fenofibrates, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), and calcium channel blockers (CCBs), on the risk of developing diabetic macular edema (DME) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using electronic medical records (EMR) data from the TriNetX health research network, covering a period from October 2004-2024.

Participants: The study population comprised patients diagnosed with T2DM who were newly initiated on GLP-1 RAs, fenofibrates, TZDs, or CCBs.

Microbiological dimensions and functions in constructed wetlands: A review.

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have emerged as robust alternatives to traditional wastewater treatment technologies. The efficacy of CWs centers on the intricate interplay of factors, including plant species, substrate attributes, soil conditions, microbial consortia, and operational variables. Microorganisms, the cornerstone of CWs, have a significant influence on mineralization and pollutant mitigation processes.

Injectable, in-situ forming, tunable, biocompatible gelatin hydrogels for biomedical applications.

Gelatin hydrogels have drawn attention for their diverse biomedical applications due to their flexible physiochemical properties. However, such gelatin hydrogels are made of toxic crosslinkers and photoinitiators, restricting their non-invasive deep tissue application. The in-situ forming chemical crosslinked without such toxic crosslinker and UV light has not been explored under physiological conditions.

Papillary muscles: morphological differences and their clinical correlations.

The complex architecture of the papillary muscles (PMs) of the ventricles plays a crucial role in cardiac function and pathology. This comparative study aimed to examine the differences in PMs morphology between the right and left ventricles, focusing on their number, location, and shape. A total of 38 grossly normal hearts from donated bodies were dissected, and the number, location, and shape of PMs in both ventricles were observed.

Self-reported history of childhood vision impairment among older adults screened for dementia.

We investigated the relationship between self-reported history of visual impairment in youth and the development of dementia in later life using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) household survey, which included the Eight-item Informant Interview to Differentiate Aging and Dementia (AD-8) screen. Adults with a reported history of childhood visual impairment were found to have significantly higher odds of positive dementia screening. After adjusting for confounders, we found a twofold increase in those reporting early visual impairment compared with those who did not report early visual impairment.

Rights-based reproductive services in medical schools in Rajasthan, Gujarat and Chandigarh, India: baseline findings of mixed-methods implementation research.

Introduction: There is a need to assess and strengthen reproductive rights-based family planning and abortion services in Indian medical schools that play a key role in medical education and service delivery. This study presents the findings of baseline assessment across nine schools in two states and one union territory with objective to assess, identify the gaps and improve the status of reproductive rights and evidence-based family planning and abortion services in Indian medical schools.

Methods: A convergent parallel mixed methods study was conducted in nine medical schools in Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Chandigarh a Union territory in India from October 2018 to June 2019.

Incidence of Uveitis Following Initiation of Prostaglandin Analogs Versus Other Glaucoma Medications: A Study from the SOURCE Repository.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk of incidence rates of uveitis among patients starting topical glaucoma therapy.

Design: Retrospective database study utilizing the Sight Outcomes Research Collaborative (SOURCE) Ophthalmology Data Repository.

Participants: Adult glaucoma patients who were recently started on topical glaucoma therapy.

Initial Results of the Paul Ahmed Comparison (PAC) Study in Refractory Childhood Glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness and safety of the Paul glaucoma implant (PGI) to the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) in managing refractory childhood glaucoma.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Two clinical centers.

Using Real-World Data to Assess the Association of Retinal Detachment With Topical Pilocarpine Use.

Purpose: To examine the association between topical pilocarpine and the risk of new-onset rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Design: Retrospective clinical cohort study.

Methods: We used an aggregated electronic health records research network, TriNetX, to examine the risk of RRD (ICD-10: H33.

Selective Monoborylation of Methane by a Mono Bipyridyl-Nickel(II) Hydride Catalyst.

We report the development of an earth-abundant metal catalyst for methane C-H borylation. The post-synthetic metalation of bipyridine-functionalized zirconium metal-organic framework (MOF) with NiBr, followed by treatment with NaEtBH affords MOF-supported monomeric bipyridyl-nickel(II) dihydride species via active site isolation. The heterogeneous and recyclable nickel catalyst selectively borylates methane at 200 °C using pinacolborane (HBpin) to afford CHBpin in 61 % yield with a turnover number (TON) up to 1388.

Pivotal role of starch in restoring the photocatalytic performance of chitosan films for eliminating water pollutants.

The photocatalytic performance of chitosan-derived catalytic films deteriorates due to surface area loss during catalyst immobilization. It limits the practical efficacy of these films, despite being a greener and more reusable alternative to powdered catalysts. Herein, we have restored and enhanced the photocatalytic efficiency of chitosan films from 67% to 95% by starch impregnation.

The Association of Antidepressants in Late Pregnancy with Postpartum Hemorrhage: Systematic Review of Controlled Observational Studies.

Despite advances in obstetric care, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Prior reviews of studies published through 2016 suggest an association of antidepressant use during late pregnancy and increased risk of PPH. However, a causal link between prenatal antidepressants and PPH remains controversial.

The Hog1 MAP kinase is essential for the colonization of murine skin and intradermal persistence.

Unlabelled: , a multidrug-resistant human fungal pathogen, was first identified in 2009 in Japan. Since then, systemic infections have now been reported in more than 50 countries, with mortality rates of 30%-60%. A major contributing factor to its high inter- and intrahospital clonal transmission is that unlike most species, displays unique skin tropism and can stay on human skin for a prolonged period.

Dependability of Osstell ISQ's for measuring implant stability.

Determining the optimal loading schedule and measuring implant stability at different times are critical tasks. Numerous tools have been created to assess implant-bone stability as a sign of a well-treated implant. Thus, the objective of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the validity of the Osstell ISQ system for assessing implant stability.

Establishment of trophoblast cell line derived from buffalo () parthenogenetic embryo.

We have established trophoblast cell lines, from parthenogenesis-derived buffalo blastocysts. The buffalo trophoblast cells were cultured continuously over 200 days and 21 passages. These cells were observed by phase-contrast microscopy for their morphology and characterized by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence against trophoblast-specific markers and cytoskeletal proteins.

Advancing Patient Education in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: The Promise of Large Language Models.

Background And Objectives: We evaluated the performance of 3 large language models (LLMs) in generating patient education materials (PEMs) and enhancing the readability of prewritten PEMs on idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study compared 3 LLMs, ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4, and Google Bard, for their ability to generate PEMs on IIH using 3 prompts.

A combination of calcium hydroxide and sodium hydrosulphate controls pathogens causing environmental mastitis in recycled manure solids.

Recycled manure solids (RMS) are dried cow dung processed using a manure dewatering machine and subsequently sun-dried to ~ 20% moisture. Benefits of RMS include abundant availability, low cost, and eco-friendliness, but its use as bedding material for cows is hindered by a moisture content that promotes microbial growth. This in vitro study evaluated impacts of calcium hydroxide (CH; 5 and 7.