The versatility of the Supinator to Posterior Interosseus Nerve (SPIN) transfer: Indications and outcomes, a Case Series.

Background: Transfer of the supinator motor branches to the posterior interosseous nerve (SPIN) was first described as a reliable method of restoration of digit extension in cases of paralysis when there is retained function in the 5th and 6th cervical nerve roots with loss of function in the 8th cervical nerve root.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all the SPIN transfers that were performed in our unit which included 16 limbs in 14 patients over a 6-year period. The median age was 49 years (range 22-74).

Ten Myths in Nerve Surgery.

Background: Surgical innovation has provided new options for the management of complex peripheral nerve injuries, generating renewed interest in this field. Historic literature may be misinterpreted or misquoted, or create dogma, which is perpetuated in teaching, research publications, and clinical practice. The management of peripheral nerve injuries is based on complex decision-making, with potential lifelong ramifications for patients incorrectly receiving an expectant or surgical management plan.

AMR and Sustainable Development Goals: at a crossroads.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health threat, primarily stemming from its misuse and overuse in both veterinary and public healthcare systems. The consequences of AMR are severe, leading to more severe infections, increased health protection costs, prolonged hospital stays, unresponsive treatments, and elevated fatality rates. The impact of AMR is direct and far-reaching, particularly affecting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), underscoring the urgency for concerted global actions to achieve these objectives.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Predicting Intradialytic Hypotension in Hemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review.

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a common and potentially life-threatening complication in hemodialysis patients. Traditional preventive measures have shown limited effectiveness in reducing IDH incidence. This systematic review evaluates the existing literature on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models for predicting IDH in hemodialysis patients.

Bacterial derivatives mediated drug delivery in cancer therapy: a new generation strategy.

Cancer is measured as a major threat to human life and is a leading cause of death. Millions of cancer patients die every year, although a burgeoning number of researchers have been making tremendous efforts to develop cancer medicine to fight against cancer. Owing to the complexity and heterogeneity of cancer, lack of ability to treat deep tumor tissues, and high toxicity to the normal cells, it complicates the therapy of cancer.

Women are Underrepresented in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To perform a systematic review of clinical trials examining non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to better understand the equity afforded to women in the study of lung cancer.

Methods: An electronic search was conducted for all NSCLC clinical trials published between 2010 and 2020 with included words "carcinoma, non-small cell, lung" and "non-small cell lung cancer." Studies from PubMed, Cochrane, and SCOPUS were included and were uploaded into Covidence to assist with systematic review.

Protocol for the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp to measure glucose kinetics in rats.

In rats, cannulation of the jugular vein and the carotid artery precedes the use of the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp to determine insulin sensitivity in vivo. Here, we present a vascular surgery protocol to allow the infusion of substances via the vein and the collection of blood samples from the artery on the day of the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. We describe steps for preparing for and performing catheterization surgery.

Using FLO text-messages to enhance health behaviours and self-management of long-term conditions in South-Asian patients.

Objectives: Cultural and communication differences faced by South-Asian (SA) ethnic minority groups have led to challenges in the delivery of health care and complex management of long-term conditions (LTCs). We aim to explore the use of text-messaging in SA communities, through the Florence (FLO) health messaging system utilised within U.K.

Lumbosacral Plexogram: An Aid to Reconstructive Nerve Possibilities in the Lower Extremity.

The lumbosacral plexus is the network of nerves responsible for the motor and sensory function of the pelvis and lower limb. Our observation is that the anatomy of this plexus is less familiar to surgeons than that of the brachial plexus. Damage to the lumbosacral plexus and its terminal branches may have a significant impact on locomotion, posture, and stability.

Conditional survival analysis of patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Conditional survival (CS) analyses provide an estimate of survival accounting for years already survived after treatment. We aim to evaluate the difference between actuarial and conditional survival in patients following lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition, CS analyses are used to examine whether prognosticators of survival change over time following surgery.

Targeting inflammation for the treatment of endometritis in bovines.

The uterine endometrial surface of bovines is in constant exposureconstantly exposed with to a multitude ofmany microbial populations that changes throughout the post-partum phase in terms of complexity and dynamics. These microbes contribute to the host pathology, leading to severe economic losses along withnd reproductive capabilities. The basic primary interface that occurs between the internal tissues of the body of the hostbetween the host body's internal tissues and the microbes is the endometrial surface of the uterus.

Heterogeneous effects of emigration on labor market activity and investment decisions in Punjab, Pakistan.

We investigate the impacts of emigration on the labor market and investment decisions of migrant-sending households in Pakistan by constructing a large individual-level dataset, using several rounds of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey conducted between 2003 and 2014. We add to the literature by introducing a new time-varying instrumental variable to control for endogenous migration decisions, constructed as a composite of three variables that represent opportunities to work abroad: (i) the household's number of adult males, (ii) historic diaspora rates, and (iii) deviations of nighttime light intensity from its trend in migrant-receiving countries. We find a significant shift in domestic labor market activity from lower-status employment categories (not working at all, unpaid family work and manual labor) toward higher-status activities and entrepreneurship such as self-employment and becoming an employer within migrant-sending households.

Impact of metabolic syndrome on morbidity and mortality following transforaminal interbody fusion (TLIF).

Study Design: Retrospective Multi-Institutional Database Study.

Objective: Investigate the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the outcomes of Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF).

Summary Of Background Data: TLIF procedures in lumbar spine pathology are common.

Empowered mothers and co-resident grandmothers: Two fundamental roles of women impacting child health outcomes in Punjab, Pakistan.

We show that i) empowered mothers and ii) coresident grandmothers each benefit children's nutritional health measured by height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) and weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ) for age groups 5 years and less. First, using cross-sectional data from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) for the year 2017-18, we estimate the impact of empowered mothers on child health outcomes using an instrumental variable approach to correct for endogeneity. Empowerment is measured by two indices: as a sum of the questions that gauge both attitudinal and behavioral dimensions of female agency and also and using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) for these same questions.

Coordination strategies and concept of operations implemented during activation of public health emergency operations center for COVID-19 response in Pakistan.

Public health emergency management systems encountered difficulties in developing countries, especially in Pakistan. The COVID-19 pandemic was extremely challenging for different agencies/departments in Pakistan. Health emergency management depends on a well-established public health emergency operations center that could generate a coordinated response to emergencies.

Radial Artery Pseudoaneurysm From a Squirrel Bite.

Radial artery pseudoaneurysm is a rarelimb-threatening complication that occurs from vascular procedures and direct trauma. We present a rare case of a 74-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with a squirrel bite to her right wrist. Although initially benign-appearing, computed tomography angiography of the right upper extremity showed a pseudoaneurysm at the distal radial artery.

Impact of Obesity on Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF): Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality.

Aim: To investigate the impact of obesity on postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients who underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Material And Methods: The American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) files from 2006 to 2019 were queried for all patients who underwent an ACDF. Fisher exact tests were used in analyzing univariate differences in preoperative comorbidities and postoperative morbidity and mortality between patients with and without obesity (BMI ?30 kg/ m < sup > 2 < /sup > ).

Artificial intelligence assisted endoscopic ultrasound for detection of pancreatic space-occupying lesion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Diagnosing pancreatic lesions, including chronic pancreatitis, autoimmune pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer, poses a challenge and, as a result, is time-consuming. To tackle this issue, artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly utilized over the years. AI can analyze large data sets with heightened accuracy, reduce interobserver variability, and can standardize the interpretation of radiologic and histopathologic lesions.