Hepatitis B Vaccination Status in Chronic Kidney Disease: Experience at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences.

Objective To know the status of vaccination against hepatitis B in chronic kidney disease patients, and to see the association of vaccination status with various factors. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, from December 2015 to May 2016. Patients reporting in the outpatient department or admitted with the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, whether on dialysis or not, were included in the study.

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: To Suture or not to Suture Staple Line?

Objective To assess the outcome and safety of staple line over-sewing for patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Study design and location Retrospective descriptive analysis conducted at Shifa International Hospital Islamabad. Materials and methods Consecutive patients undergoing LSG as a treatment for morbid obesity from October 2013 to December 2016 were included in the study after approval from the ethical review board.

Comparison of Hospital-Wide Code Rates and Mortality Before and After the Implementation of a Rapid Response Team.

Objective To compare hospital-wide code rates and mortality before and after the implementation of a rapid response team (RRT). Study design A prospective cohort design with historical controls. Place of study This study was conducted at Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, from January 21, 2016, to January 20, 2017.

Effectiveness of diabetes education and awareness of diabetes mellitus in combating diabetes in the United Kigdom; a literature review.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose level, and body cannot produce enough insulin, or does not respond to the produced insulin. In spite of the diabetes education campaigns and programmes, a large number of people in the United Kingdom are living with diabetes. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the role of knowledge and awareness of diabetes in fighting against diabetes and to interpret to which extent is diabetes education successful.

Does frequent hemodialysis regimen results in regression of left ventricular mass compared to conventional hemodialysis?

Several advances in dialysis therapies have been made. Still, the mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) remains high at rates exceeding 15%. Cardiovascular disease from heart failure or sudden death remains an important cause for mortality in these groups.

Overview of management of acute renal failure and its evaluation; a case analysis.

The annual incidence is about 150 per million in the UK, but this figure is six times greater in the >80 years old group. Prerenal azotemia is considered as the most serious reason in community or hospital acquired acute renal failure (ARF). A 67-year-old middle age male was admitted to the hospital with a chief complaint of generalized weakness, volume depletion and dysuria.

Barriers to the successful practice of chronic kidney diseases at the primary health care level; a systematic review.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a major global public health problem, has been recognized as one of the eleven important causes of death. This review explores a wide range of barriers related to patients and health systems involved in controlling the prevalence of CKD at the primary health care level.

Patients And Method: Electronic databases including PubMed/Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Entrez, British Medical Journal (BMJ), EBSCO host, Cochrane and Google scholar were searched for the data published from 2000 to 2010 using MeSH terms such as 'chronic kidney diseases', 'renal transplantation', 'complications', 'health care services', 'acute renal failure'.

Mechanism of hypertension in diabetic nephropathy.

High prevalence of hypertension is observed in diabetic patients of both the types. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major reason for high morbidity, mortality and financial burden in such hypertensive diabetic patients. For this review, electronic databases including PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane and Google scholar were searched from 1990-2013.

Diabetic nephropathy; principles of diagnosis and treatment of diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetes mellitus is a leading epidemic of the present world. It is considered the leading cause of death among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The complications associated with diabetes mellitus have boosted the number of deaths in the last years.

Significance of diet in chronic kidney disease.

It is obvious that malnutrition is extremely dominant in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Malnutrition in pre-dialysis, dialysis, and post-dialysis stages is related to multiple factors. However, research work shows that if we try to improve the poor nutrition status of ESRD patients, good clinical outcomes may result.