Screening of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Color Intensity-Based Textural Features.

Background Early screening and diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has always been a major challenge for pathologists. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted screening tools can serve as an adjunct for the objective interpretation of Papanicolaou (PAP)-stained oral smears. Aim This study aimed to develop a handy and sensitive computer-assisted AI tool based on color-intensity textural features to be applied to cytologic images for screening and diagnosis of OSCC.

A prospective study of circulating estrogen in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Reports suggested that hormone replacement therapy decreased the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze and quantify the serum 17β-estradiol (E2) level by chemiluminescence immunoassay in four groups, Group I (control group with no habit of tobacco and areca), Group II (control group with a habit of tobacco and areca), Group III (potentially malignant disorder-leukoplakia), and Group IV (oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)). It was the first study to evaluate E2 in four study groups with and without the habit of tobacco.

Ki-67, CD105, and α-smooth muscle actin expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma corresponds with different forms of tobacco consumption habits.

Background: Association with variety of etiological agents is one of the characteristic features of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We hypothesized the existence of tobacco consumption habit-based heterogeneity in the immunohistochemical expression of carcinogenesis relevant molecular markers in OSCC. Hence, the present study was conducted to investigate the carcinogenesis relevant three commonly expressed markers (Ki-67, CD105, and α-smooth muscle acting [SMA]) in various forms of tobacco consumption habits in OSCC patients.

Significance of HIF-1α and CD105 in establishing oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with oral submucous fibrosis a distinct clinicopathological entity.

Context: Oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with oral submucous fibrosis (OSCC with OSMF) is clinicopathologically a distinct entity. However, scientific proof in view of assessment of biomarkers of hypoxia and neoangiogenesis to differentiate them are lacking. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) and CD105 in OSCC with and without OSMF possibly will be explicated along these lines.

Expression of p53 at invasive front of oral squamous cell carcinoma and negative histopathological surgical margins to establish correlation at 3-year survival.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. The histologic features of OSCC differ from area to area within same tumor, and most prognostic information can be revealed from the invasive front of tumor. The most accepted line of treatment is radical neck dissection.

Ki67 Labelling Index predicts clinical outcome and survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the Ki 67 expression and its correlation with clinicopathological features and 3 years as well as 5 years survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methodology: Total 217cases of OSCC primarily treated with surgery with or without radiation were included. All patients were followed up for 3 years and 150 were followed up of 5 years for disease free survival.

Cross-sectional observational study evaluating the association between odontogenic cystic content and size.

Objectives: To evaluate and correlate the cystic content and the size of odontogenic cysts.

Methods: The study included 29 cases of odontogenic cysts reported in the Outpatient Department of Sharad Pawar Dental College. The cystic aspirate was analyzed for levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, total protein, globulin, albumin, and cholesterol.

Ki67, CD105, and α-SMA Expression Supports Biological Distinctness of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in the Background of Oral Submucous Fibrosis.

Background: The clinicopathological distinctness of oral squamous cell carcinoma arising in the background of oral submucous fibrosis (OSCC-OSF) is well known; however, the molecular distinctness of this unique OSCC-OSF has not been investigated to date. With this in mind, we compared the expression of Ki67, CD105, and α-SMA between OSCC-OSF and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of 105 OSCC-OSF and 112 OSCC cases were subjected to immunohistochemistry for evaluation of Ki67, CD105, and α-SMA expression.

Odontogenic tumors: A review of 93 cases in the Vidharba region of Maharashtra.

Background: Tumors of the odontogenic origin (OTs) are rare tumors accounting for 1% of all the jaw tumors in the oral cavity. The behavior of these tumors ranges from hamartomatous proliferation to malignant neoplasm.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological data, clinical and histopathological picture with variants of the OTs diagnosed at our institute in the Vidarbha region.

Hematological alterations in lepromatous leprosy: A cross-sectional observational study.

Background: Dapsone has been the mainstay for the treatment of leprosy since its discovery in the 1940s. However, hematological disturbances are not uncommon in leprosy patients on daily dapsone therapy. Hence, the present study was conducted to document the hematologic alterations observed in lepromatous leprosy patients treated with Dapsone 100 mg daily.

Oral candida prevalence and species specificity in leprosy.

Background: Leprosy represents a chronic progressive debilitating disease. The severe morbidity associated with leprosy predisposes the patients to opportunistic infections. To assess the oral candida prevalence and species specificity in lepromatous leprosy patients.

Oro-facial manifestations in lepromatous leprosy patients in Central India: clinical findings from a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To clinically evaluate the oro-facial manifestations in lepromatous leprosy patients undergoing multidrug therapy in Central India.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred patients from 2 leprosy treatment centers in Central India who satisfied the diagnostic criteria set by the WHO (2006-2010) committee on leprosy were included in the study. To avoid bias, only patients who started the multi-drug treatment regimen less than 1 year ago were included.

Ki67, CD105 and α-smooth muscle actin expression in disease progression model of oral submucous fibrosis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Ki67, CD105 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma in the background of OSF (OSCC-SMF).

Methods: The study was carried out on paraffin-embedded tissues of 30 normal oral mucosa (NOM), 50 OSF cases and 105 OSCC-SMF. The immunohistochemistry was carried out to evaluate the expression of Ki67, CD105 and α-SMA antigen.

Oral submucous fibrosis: An enigmatic morpho-insight.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic progressive, scarring disease affecting oral, oropharyngeal, and sometimes the esophageal mucosa. It is characterized by the progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissue. The pathogenesis of OSMF has been directly related to the habit of chewing areca nut and its commercial preparation, which is widespread in Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.

Expression of p63 in tooth germ, dentigerous cyst and ameloblastoma.

Context: To assess the role of p63, a p53 homolog, in the cytodifferentiation (odontogenesis) and oncogenesis of odontogenic epithelium.

Aim: The present study aimed to compare the expression pattern of p63 in the epithelium of tooth germ, dentigerous cyst (DC) and ameloblastoma (AB).

Materials And Methods: Tissue specimens of thirty tooth germs, thirty ABs and thirty DCs were examined by immunohistochemistry for the expression of p63.

Ki67, CD105, and α-SMA expression supports the transformation relevant dysplastic features in the atrophic epithelium of oral submucous fibrosis.

Background: The grading of oral epithelial dysplasia is not possible in the atrophic epithelium of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Recently, we found that features such as increased basal cell layer hyperplasia, abnormal superficial mitosis, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, increased nuclear size, and hyperchromasia represent transformation-relevant dysplastic features in the atrophic epithelium of OSMF. The presence of these features can be considered a high-risk feature for patients.

autofluorescence of oral squamous cell carcinoma correlated to cell proliferation rate.

Context: Loss of cell differentiation and increased cellular proliferative activity during malignant transformation leads to alteration of biochemical content of cells. This is reflected in the fluorescence profile of tissues.

Aims: (1) To evaluate the efficacy of autofluorescence in clinical detection of oral cancer.

T-cell lymphoma of oral cavity: A rare entity.

Lymphomas are heterogeneous malignancies of the lymphatic system characterized by lymphoid cell proliferation. They can broadly be divided into Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and non-HL (NHL). NHL can originate from B, T or natural killer lymphocytes.

Estimation of malondialdehyde levels in serum and saliva of children affected with sickle cell anemia.

Background: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin synthesis characterized by deformed erythrocytes. Hemoglobin S present in sickle-shaped erythrocytes exhibits an enhanced rate of auto-oxidation compared with normal hemoglobin A. It produces more of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which promotes oxidatively stressed environment.

Dysplastic features relevant to malignant transformation in atrophic epithelium of oral submucous fibrosis: A preliminary study.

Background: The grading of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is not applicable to oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) cases due to the presence of atrophic epithelium. The mucosal margins associated with resected OSCC specimens are often closely related to transformed cells. In this study, we compared the histomorphological alterations (dysplastic features) in the atrophic epithelium of OSMF patients with the mucosal margins of OSCC associated with OSMF (OSCC-OSMF).

Influence of risk factors on patients suffering from potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer: A case-control study.

Background: Tobacco use can alone lead to death worldwide, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. China and Brazil are the world's largest producer of tobacco. India holds the third place in producing, and it is the fourth largest consumer of tobacco and its products in the world.

Ki67, CD105, and α-SMA expressions better relate the binary oral epithelial dysplasia grading system of World Health Organization.

Background: The binary system of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) has never been investigated with reference to the carcinogenesis-related biomarkers. Hence, Ki67, CD105, and α-SMA immune-expressions were studied in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) to assess their relationship with the binary OED grading system of World Health Organization.

Methods: The study was carried out on paraffin-embedded tissues of 30 normal oral mucosa (NOM) and 140 OPMD cases.

Early Stage Oral Submucous Fibrosis is Characterized by Increased Vascularity as Opposed to Advanced Stages.

Introduction: The degree of vascularity of the diseased mucosa in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) has always been a matter of debate with conflicting results. Knowledge of this aspect is important to understand pathogenesis of OSMF, which in future could be translated into therapeutic strategies.

Aim: In the present study, attempt has been made to investigate parameters like Mean Vascular Density (MVD), Total Vascular Area (TVA) and Mean Vascular Area (MVA) using CD34 antibody.

Impact of virtual microscopy with conventional microscopy on student learning in dental histology.

Background: In dental histology, the assimilation of histological features of different dental hard and soft tissues is done by conventional microscopy. This traditional method of learning prevents the students from screening the entire slide and change of magnification. To address these drawbacks, modification in conventional microscopy has evolved and become motivation for changing the learning tool.