Zinc-doped hydroxyapatite loaded chitosan gelatin nanocomposite scaffolds as a promising platform for bone regeneration.

The advancement in the arena of bone tissue engineering persuades us to develop novel nanocomposite scaffolds in order to improve antibacterial, osteogenic, and angiogenic properties that show resemblance to natural bone extracellular matrix. Here, we focused on the development of novel zinc-doped hydroxyapatite (ZnHAP) nanoparticles (1, 2 and 3 wt%; size: 50-60 nm) incorporated chitosan-gelatin nanocomposite scaffold, with an interconnected porous structure. The addition of ZnHAP nanoparticles decreases the pore size (~30 µm) of the chitosan gelatin scaffold.

An artificial neural network based approach for predicting the proton beam spot dosimetric characteristics of a pencil beam scanning technique.

Utilising Machine Learning (ML) models to predict dosimetric parameters in pencil beam scanning proton therapy presents a promising and practical approach. The study developed Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models to predict proton beam spot size and relative positional errors using 9000 proton spot data. The irradiation log files as input variables and corresponding scintillation detector measurements as the label values.

A biologically functional bioink based on extracellular matrix derived collagen for 3D printing of skin.

Over the past few years, several advancements have been made to develop artificial skin that mimics human skin. Artificial skin manufactured using 3D printing technology that includes all epidermal and dermal components, such as collagen, may offer a viable solution. The skin-specific bioink was derived from digested chicken skin and incorporated into PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and gelatin.

Decellularized small intestine scaffolds: a potential xenograft for restoration of intestinal perforation.

Small intestine perforation is a serious medical condition that requires immediate medical attention. The traditional course of treatment entails resection followed by anastomosis; however, it has complications such as small bowel syndrome (SBS), anastomotic leakage, and fistula formation. Here, a novel strategy is demonstrated, that utilizes the xenogeneic, decellularized goat small intestine as a patch for small intestine regeneration in cases of intestinal perforation.

Silver-doped hydroxyapatite laden chitosan-gelatin nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: an and evaluation.

Despite the advancements in bone tissue engineering, the majority of implant failures are caused due to microbial contamination. So, efforts are being made to develop biomaterial with antimicrobial property enhancing the regeneration of damaged bone tissue. In the present study, chitosan-gelatin (CG) scaffolds containing silver-doped hydroxyapatite (AgHAP) nanoparticles at 0.

Recellularization of Acellular Xeno Kidney Scaffold: An In Vivo Method to Generate Bioartificial Kidney.

A significant hurdle for kidney tissue engineering is reproducing the complex three-dimensional structure of the kidney. In our study, a stepwise approach of generating a reproducible Xeno kidney scaffold from a goat kidney is described, which can be implanted and recellularized by host cells. We have proposed a combination of sodium dodecyl sulfate and Triton-X-100-based protocol to generate a reproducible Xeno kidney scaffold, which was then analyzed by histology, DNA quantification, SEM, and renal angiography.

Activated platelet-rich plasma accelerate endometrial regeneration and improve pregnancy outcomes in murine model of disturbed endometrium.

Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) contains high concentrations of growth factors, therefore, PRP activation results in their release, stimulating the process of healing and regeneration. The study was conducted to check whether activated platelet-rich plasma (aPRP) treatment can improve regeneration of the endometrium in an experimental model of ethanol-induced disturbed endometrium. Seventy-two female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into the control group, disturbed endometrium (DE) group and aPRP treated group.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles disseminated chitosan gelatin scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications.

Cell-free and cell-loaded constructs are used to bridge the critical-sized bone defect. Oxidative stress at the site of the bone defects is a major interference that slows bone healing. Recently, there has been an increase in interest in enhancing the properties of three-dimensional scaffolds with free radical scavenging materials.

Surgical cotton microfibers loaded with proteins and apatite: A potential platform for bone tissue engineering.

Tissue engineering has emerged as the best alternative to replacing damaged tissue/organs. However, the cost of scaffold materials continues to be a significant obstacle; thus, developing inexpensive scaffolds is strongly encouraged. In this study, cellulose microfibers (C), gelatin (G), egg white (EW), and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) were assembled into a quaternary scaffold using EDC-NHS crosslinking, followed by freeze-drying method.

Qualitative Analysis of a Kinesiology Student-Led Sustainable Exercise Program Targeting Underserved Communities.

Background: The 3 WINS Fitness is a free exercise program delivered by kinesiology students to underserved communities without external funding since 2011. The program's wins focus on reducing health inequities, increasing community health, and student professional development. The objective of this study was to conduct a qualitative evaluation of the program's value for the participant, community, and student-instructors.

Pathophysiology of Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Engineering Approach for Its Neuronal Regeneration: Current Status and Future Prospects.

A spinal cord injury (SCI) is a very debilitating condition causing loss of sensory and motor function as well as multiple organ failures. Current therapeutic options like surgery and pharmacotherapy show positive results but are incapable of providing a complete cure for chronic SCI symptoms. Tissue engineering, including neuroprotective or growth factors, stem cells, and biomaterial scaffolds, grabs attention because of their potential for regeneration and ability to bridge the gap in the injured spinal cord (SC).

Heparin Immobilization of Tissue Engineered Xenogeneic Small Diameter Arterial Scaffold Improve Endothelialization.

Background: Autologous vessels graft (Inner diameter < 6 mm) harvesting always challenged during bypass grafting surgery and its complication shows poor outcome. Tissue engineered vascular graft allow to generate biological graft without any immunogenic complication. The approach presented in this study is to induce graft remodeling through heparin coating in luminal surface of small diameter (Inner diameter < 1 mm) decellularized arterial graft.

The Earliest Food Deserts: Availability of Infant and Follow-on Formula, and Lactation Support Products among Stores in Black and Non-Hispanic White Zip Codes in Los Angeles County.

Objectives: This study investigates the availability, accessibility, and product depth of in-store infant feeding and galactagogues products in majority Black and majority white zip codes in Los Angeles County.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine racial/ethnic neighborhood differences in the availability of infant and follow-on formula and galactagogues products in 47 retail stores in 21 zip codes. Store-level data were collected in June 2019 and an observational tool for galactagogues products and infant/follow-on formula (availability, accessibility, product depth) was employed at each store.

Evaluation of Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using Quality of Life Instrument for Indian Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with major impact on the quality of life (QoL) in terms of various domains such as social, physical, and mental well-being.

Aim: This study aimed to study the factors determining the QoL in T2DM patients.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for 6 months.

Evaluation of AAA and XVMC Algorithms for Dose Calculation in Lung Equivalent Heterogeneity in Photon Fields: A Comparison of Calculated Results with Measurements.

Aims: The aims of the present work are (1) to evaluate dose calculation accuracy of two commonly used algorithms for 15 MV small photon fields in a medium encompassing heterogeneity and (2) to compare them with measured results obtained from gafchromic film EBT2.

Materials And Methods: Authors employed kailwood (Pinus Wallichiana) to mimic lung. Briefly, seven Kailwood plates, each measuring 25x25 cm of varying thicknesses totaling 13 cm equivalent to the mean thickness of an adult human lung, were sandwiched between 5 cm tissue equivalent material from top and 10 cm below.

Myths and misconceptions in general public toward ocular complications followed by the removal of upper teeth.

Introduction: The upper jaw forms the floor of the maxillary sinus and the upper teeth are continuous with the whole midface and cranium, therefore while treating these teeth, it is important for the practitioner to consider the possibility of ocular complications. Ocular disturbances such as blurring of vision, mydriasis, ptosis, diplopia, enophthalmos, miosis, and blindness are rare complications due to intraoral local anesthesia. So far at present, the general population is having myths and misconceptions regarding the extraction of teeth and vision loss; hence, we evaluated the same.

Knowledge, awareness, and practices of complementary and alternative medicine for oral health-care management among dental students.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the awareness and practices of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for oral health-care management among dental students.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 200 dental students of final year and internship selected by simple random sampling using a close-ended questionnaire.

Results: Among the total respondents, 52% were females and 48% were males.

Facial Palsy, a Disorder Belonging to Influential Neurological Dynasty: Review of Literature.

Facial paralysis is one of the common problem leading to facial deformation. Bell's palsy (BP) is defined as a lower motor neuron palsy of acute onset and idiopathic origin. BP is regarded as a benign common neurological disorder of unknown cause.

Evaluation of dose perturbation at the interface of two different density medium using GAFCHROMIC film EBT2 and Monte Carlo code EGSnrc for Co-60 beam.

Introduction: Accurate dosimetry at the interface of two different density medium (e.g., air cavity in the head and neck cancers and lungs in thoracic region) is a major cause of concern in external beam radiation therapy.

Environmentally Driven Increases in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in Pima Indians and Non-Pimas in Mexico Over a 15-Year Period: The Maycoba Project.

Objective: The global epidemics of type 2 diabetes and obesity have been attributed to the interaction between lifestyle changes and genetic predisposition to these diseases. We compared the prevalences of type 2 diabetes and obesity in Mexican Pima Indians, presumed to have a high genetic predisposition to these diseases, to those in their non-Pima neighbors, both of whom over a 15-year period experienced a transition from a traditional to a more modern lifestyle.

Research Design And Methods: Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and obesity in Mexican Pimas (n = 359) and non-Pima Mexicans (n = 251) were determined in 2010 using methods identical to those used in 1995.

High-Risk Populations: The Pimas of Arizona and Mexico.

The purpose of this review is first, to broadly summarize the long-term commitment that began in 1965 to studying type 2 diabetes and obesity through the cooperation of the Pima Indians of Arizona, and second, to discuss the investigations with the Pima Indians of Mexico that started in 1991. The later studies emphasize gene-environment interactions in the pathogenesis of these metabolic disorders. Through the participation of both groups of Pimas, the researchers made key findings with regard to the epidemiology, physiology, clinical assessment and genetics of type 2 diabetes and obesity.