Energy Expenditure, Dietary Energy Intake, and Nutritional Supplements in Adolescent Volleyball Athletes versus Nonathletic Controls.

Evidence suggests that athletes competing in team sports do not follow dietary recommendations. However, only few studies have investigated energy needs and supplement use in adolescent athletes, and whether they are meeting their energy requirements. This observational study examined energy expenditure, dietary energy intake, and use of nutritional supplements in 58 adolescent (14-17 years old) volleyball athletes (15 males, 43 females) and 58 age-matched nonathletic controls (13 males, 45 females).

Administration of human protein C improves survival in an experimental model of sepsis.

Objective: Study the effect of human protein C (PC) concentrate administration on organ damage and survival in septic rats.

Design: Animal study.

Setting: University laboratory.

Administration of Human Protein-C concentrate prevents apoptotic brain cell death after experimental sepsis.

Activated Protein C renders anti-apoptotic properties in neurons and endothelial cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo cytoprotective role of Protein C zymogen (PC) administration in septic rat brain. Male Wistar rats (n=60) were subjected to sepsis via Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP).

Biocompatibility of resin composites subcutaneously implanted in rats with experimentally induced arthritis.

Objective: To evaluate the biocompatibility of resin composite specimens with different curing efficiency, subcutaneously implanted in rats with experimentally induced arthritis.

Methods: The amount of remaining CC bonds (%RDB) of hybrid resin composite specimens photopolymerized for 10s and 40s exposure time (n=3) was measured by micro-attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Male Wistar rats (n=36) were classified in two groups (n=18) of healthy animals and of animals with experimentally induced arthritis.

Apoptotic death of renal tubular cells in experimental sepsis.

Background And Purpose: Renal dysfunction attributable to sepsis was long considered a result of hemodynamic instability and subsequent local ischemia. Recent data show that apoptosis may be implicated also. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of apoptosis and the expression of the bax, bcl-2, caspase-8, and cytochrome c proteins in the renal parenchymal cells of rats with sepsis.

Increased apoptosis in the alveolar microenvironment of the healthy human lung.

Background: Apoptosis represents a physiological clearance mechanism in human tissues. The role of apoptosis has not been examined in normal lung cell populations, such as alveolar macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells. What is the percentage, as well as the role, of apoptosis in the alveolar microenvironment of the healthy human lung?

Patients And Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage was obtained from 21 volunteers without lung disease.

Sepsis: prognostic role of apoptosis regulators in gastrointestinal cells.

Background: Intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis has been reported in sepsis as a mechanism of organ failure. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of apoptosis-regulating proteins (bcl-2, bax, cytochrome-c, and caspase-8) in septic rats by studying their expression in gastric and intestinal epithelial cells.

Methods: Adult Wistar rats were subjected to the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis and randomly divided into two study groups.

The role of host immune response and apoptosis in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To determine whether the combined use of markers of host immune response (HLA-DR) and apoptosis (bax and bcl-2) can predict prognosis in laryngeal carcinoma patients.

Procedures: Immunohistochemical staining for HLA-DR, bax and bcl-2 proteins was investigated retrospectively in 37 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Seven healthy adult males were used as the control group.

Molecular markers (PECAM-1, ICAM-3, HLA-DR) determine prognosis in primary non-Hodgkin's gastric lymphoma patients.

Aim: To investigate the prognostic significance of PECAM-1, ICAM-3 and HLA-DR antigens in patients with primary non-Hodgkin's gastric lymphoma.

Methods: We immunohistochemically studied PECAM-1, ICAM-3 and HLA-DR antigen expression in 36 B-cell MALT-type primary gastric lymphoma patients. Ten non-malignant and ten healthy gastric tissue specimens were used as controls.

Tissue evaluation of immune markers in endometrial and cervical carcinomas.

Major histocompatibility complex (HLA system) class II molecules including HLA-DR antigens, associate with peptides, which are derived from antigens, for presentation to T4 lymphocytes. Functional and adhesion assays have shown that CD4 molecule interacts with HLA class II molecules, leading to enhanced responses of T4 cells. In the present study, we examined the tissue expression of HLA-DR antigens and the quantitative variance of T4 lymphocytes in a series of 50 "endometrioid" adenocarcinomas of the endometrium and 35 cervical squamous-cell carcinomas.

Time-dependent mitochondrial-mediated programmed neuronal cell death prolongs survival in sepsis.

Objective: To investigate whether apoptosis is a possible mechanism of brain dysfunction occurring in septic syndrome.

Design: Experimental prospective study.

Setting: Laboratory of Surgical Research at the University of Athens.

Deferoxamine administration in septic animals: improved survival and altered apoptotic gene expression.

Background: Oxidative damage is one of the major factors that lead to cell damage, organ dysfunction and death in sepsis. Thus, an attractive candidate for the pharmacologic treatment of the septic syndrome is desferoxamine (DFX), an antioxidant iron chelator used for the removal of iron and a potential free radical scavenger.

Objective: The impact of DFX administration on the survival of septic animals.

Primary torsion of the greater omentum: report of a case.

Primary or idiopathic torsion of the greater omentum is an uncommon cause of acute abdominal pain, often mimicking other acute abdominal conditions. The diagnosis is usually made at laparotomy, with the presence of free serosanguinous fluid in the absence of any other intra-abdominal pathology being suggestive of this condition. Resection of the infarcted segment is the treatment of choice, offering rapid recovery and reducing the possibility of adhesion formation.

Masseteric hypertrophy associated with administration of anabolic steroids and unilateral mastication: a case report.

In this report we present a patient with unilateral masseteric hypertrophy who used anabolic steroids and was chewing entirely unilaterally for 1 month. Computed tomography and histologic examination were used to confirm the diagnosis. The combined action of unilateral mastication and anabolic steroid use is probably responsible for the rapid development of unilateral masseteric hypertrophy.

Lectin histochemistry as a predictor of dysplasia grade in colorectal adenomas.

Lectins are sugar-binding proteins that bind to specific cellular carbohydrates, commonly affecting cellular physiology. Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA), ulex europaeus isoagglutinin-I (UEA-I), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and peanut agglutinin (PNA) are among the most well studied lectins in various tissues. The purpose of this study was to detect the above lectins binding sites and so examine alterations in glycoconjugate expression in neoplastic cells of 52 colorectal adenomas with various clinicopathologic characteristics and proliferation rates.

Expression patterns of the E-cadherin-catenin cell-cell adhesion complex in gastric cancer.

Background/aims: The E-cadherin-catenin complex plays a key role in intercellular adhesion of epithelial cells. Aberrant expression and/or function of its components have been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. We evaluated the expression of the E-cadherin-catenin complex in gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry and investigated its relationship to histopathological features.

The nuclear morphometry by image analysis in the histopathologic diagnosis of lung cancer.

Classification of small cell lung cancer and non small cell lung cancer can sometimes be difficult to establish by light microscopy. Our aim was to determine the value of computerised interactive nuclear morphometry in the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer of intermediate type and non small cell lung cancer in thirty-nine histologic specimens. Histologic sections were measured by Sigma Scan software package with regard to nuclear big axis, small axis, perimeter, area and shape factor.

E-cadherin expression correlates with tumor differentiation in colorectal cancer.

Background/aims: Epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) is the main cell-cell adhesion molecule in all epithelia. Aberrant expression of this molecule has been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis. We evaluated E-cadherin expression and cellular localization in colorectal cancer and investigated its relationship to histopathological features.

E-cadherin expression as a differentiation marker in gastric cancer.

Background/aims: E-cadherin is a cell-cell adhesion molecule involved in tumor progression and metastasis. We evaluated the E-cadherin expression pattern in gastric cancer and investigated its relationship to histopathological features.

Methodology: The expression of E-cadherin was evaluated in 83 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry.

Aberrant E-cadherin expression associated with loss of differentiation and advanced stage in human pancreatic cancer.

E-cadherin is a cell-cell adhesion molecule involved in tumour invasion and metastasis. We evaluated E-cadherin expression immunohistochemically in 43 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of pancreatic cancer and investigated its relationship to histopathological features. In non-cancerous pancreatic cells E-cadherin immunoreactivity was localized at the cell membrane, particularly at the intercellular junctions.

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and heat shock protein 70 immunolocalization in invasive ductal breast cancer not otherwise specified.

A series of 80 female patients undergoing surgery for primary breast ductal infiltrating carcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS) was immunohistochemically studied in order to verify any relationships between Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) immunostaining, Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) immunoreactivity, and several clinicopathological predictors. Positive PCNA scores (> 20% of strongly immunopositive malignant nuclei) were observed in neoplastic cells' nuclei in 13 tumors (16.25%) and were intimately associated with axillary nodal involvement (p = 0.

Immunohistochemical detection of oestrogen receptors in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

The expression of oestrogen receptor (ER) protein in invasive carcinoma of the breast and its clinical significance has been extensively evaluated. Little information is available regarding ER expression in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). In this study, 46 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of mammographically detected DCIS were evaluated immunohistochemically for the presence of ER using specific monoclonal antibodies against ER (ER-ICA Abbott Lab).