Safety and tolerability of high-dose daily vitamin D supplementation in the vitamin D and type 2 diabetes (D2d) study-a randomized trial in persons with prediabetes.

Background/objectives: Routine use of vitamin D supplements has increased substantially in the United States. However, the safety and tolerability of long-term use of high-dose vitamin D are not known. We assessed the safety and tolerability of high-dose, daily vitamin D in the vitamin D and type 2 diabetes (D2d) study.

Evidence for X(3872) in Pb-Pb Collisions and Studies of its Prompt Production at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

The first evidence for X(3872) production in relativistic heavy ion collisions is reported. The X(3872) production is studied in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV per nucleon pair, using the decay chain X(3872)→J/ψπ^{+}π^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}π^{+}π^{-}.

Silencing acetyl-CoA carboxylase A and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 genes through RNAi reduce serum and egg cholesterol in chicken.

Cholesterol is synthesized in chicken through de novo lipid biosynthetic pathway where two most important genes viz. SREBP1 and ACACA play immense role. To minimize cholesterol synthesis, RNAi approach was adopted and accordingly, we developed transgenic chicken possessing ACACA and SREBP1 shRNA constructs, which showed lower level of ACACA and SREBP1 in serum.

Prevalent Drug Usage Practices in Adults and Children With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: Registry-Based Analysis From the MyoCite Cohort.

Background: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) form a heterogeneous group of disorders with a deficit of quality evidence regarding its management. Therefore, we aimed to explore the prevalent treatment practices in the MyoCite cohort from India.

Methods: Drug usage patterns, their predictors, drug retention rates, efficacy, and adverse drug reactions were analyzed for adults and children newly diagnosed with IIM (2017-2020) and followed prospectively and compared with real-world data by performing a medical records review.

Dynamic Phenotypic Switching and Group Behavior Help Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Evade Chemotherapy.

Drug resistance, a major challenge in cancer therapy, is typically attributed to mutations and genetic heterogeneity. Emerging evidence suggests that dynamic cellular interactions and group behavior also contribute to drug resistance. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Search for Long-Lived Particles Decaying in the CMS End Cap Muon Detectors in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search for long-lived particles (LLPs) produced in decays of standard model (SM) Higgs bosons is presented. The data sample consists of 137  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, recorded at the LHC in 2016-2018. A novel technique is employed to reconstruct decays of LLPs in the end cap muon detectors.

Deep learning techniques for observing the impact of the global warming from satellite images of water-bodies.

Global warming is a threat to modern human civilization. There are different reasons for speed up the global average temperature. The consequences are catastrophic for human existence.

Low-temperature synthesis of functionalized activated carbon from blackboard (Alstonia scholaris) with improved selectivity for 2-methylpyridine removal: batch and column analyses.

Coal tar industry has been reported to discharge 2-methylpyridine (2Mp) in concentrations up to 150 mg L. For removal of 2Mp, activated carbon was synthesized from blackboard tree ground bark (BA) by the novel technique of prior cooling (which helped decrease heat generation and volatile gas emission). The material was successfully functionalized with carboxylic group which enhanced 2Mp uptake.

Co-Regulation of Protein Coding Genes by Transcription Factor and Long Non-Coding RNA in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Cells: An In Silico Analysis.

Altered expression of protein coding gene (PCG) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) have been identified in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells and tissues from COVID-19 patients. The functional role and mechanism (s) of transcriptional regulation of deregulated genes in COVID-19 remain largely unknown. In the present communication, reanalyzing publicly available gene expression data, we observed that 66 lncRNA and 5491 PCG were deregulated in more than one experimental condition.

Height Estimation of Children under Five Years using Depth Images.

Malnutrition is a global health crisis and is a leading cause of death among children under 5 years. Detecting malnutrition requires anthropometric measurements of weight, height, and middle-upper arm circumference. However, measuring them accurately is a challenge, especially in the global south, due to limited resources.

An economical strategy towards the managing of selenium pollution from contaminated water: A current state-of-the-art review.

During the last few decades, contamination of selenium (Se) in groundwater has turned out to be a major environmental concern to provide safe drinking water. The content of selenium in such contaminated water might range from 400 to 700 μg/L, where bringing it down to a safe level of 40 μg/L for municipal water supply employing appropriate methodologies is a major challenge for the global researcher communities. The current review focuses mostly on the governing selenium remediation technologies such as coagulation-flocculation, electrocoagulation, bioremediation, membrane-based approaches, adsorption, electro-kinetics, chemical precipitation, and reduction methods.

MICaps: Multi-instance capsule network for machine inspection of Munro's microabscess.

Munro's Microabscess (MM) is the diagnostic hallmark of psoriasis. Neutrophil detection in the Stratum Corneum (SC) of the skin epidermis is an integral part of MM detection in skin biopsy. The microscopic inspection of skin biopsy is a tedious task and staining variations in skin histopathology often hinder human performance to differentiate neutrophils from skin keratinocytes.

A combination of circulating microRNA-375-3p and chemokines CCL11, CXCL12, and G-CSF differentiate Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis.

Differentiation of Crohn's disease (CD) from intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) is a big challenge to gastroenterologists because of their indistinguishable features and insensitive diagnostic tools. A non-invasive biomarker is urgently required to distinguish ITB/CD patients particularly in India, a TB endemic region, where CD frequency is increasing rapidly due to urbanization. Among the three differentially expressed miRNAs obtained from small RNA transcriptomic profiling of ileocaecal/terminal ileal tissue of ITB/CD patients (n = 3), only two down-regulated miRNAs, miR-31-5p, and miR-215-5p showed comparable data in qRT-PCR.

Effects of x-ray free-electron laser pulse intensity on the Mn K x-ray emission spectrum in photosystem II-A case study for metalloprotein crystals and solutions.

In the last ten years, x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) have been successfully employed to characterize metalloproteins at room temperature using various techniques including x-ray diffraction, scattering, and spectroscopy. The approach has been to outrun the radiation damage by using femtosecond (fs) x-ray pulses. An example of an important and damage sensitive active metal center is the MnCaO cluster in photosystem II (PS II), the catalytic site of photosynthetic water oxidation.

Enhanced magnetic performance in exchange-coupled CoFeO-LaFeOnanocomposites.

Nanocomposite oxide system of ()CoFeO-(100-)LaFeOwith different weight percent of core-shell structured CoFeO( = 0, 20, 40, 50, 80, 100) and LaFeOwere fabricated, via a two-step sol-gel wet-chemical synthesis technique. The phase formation of the composites was confirmed by x-ray diffraction and the structural parameters of both the phases were attained from the Rietveld refinement results of XRD patterns. The elemental composition and microstructure of the resulting nanocomposites were examined by using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy technique, respectively.

Temporal variations of country-specific mutational profile of SARS-CoV-2: effect on vaccine efficacy.

In order to curb the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, nation-wide travel restrictions at different levels were implemented in different countries. Country-specific mutational profile may exist and have an impact on vaccine efficacy. We identified nonsynonymous mutations in approximately 215,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences during the 1st year of the pandemic in 35 countries.

Strategic management of nitrate pollution from contaminated water using viable adsorbents: An economic assessment-based review with possible policy suggestions.

Groundwater contaminated with nitrate has prompted a flurry of research studies around the world in the recent years to address this burning environmental issue. The common presence of nitrates in groundwater, wastewater, and surface waters has thrown an enormously critical challenge to the global research communities to provide safe and clean drinking water to municipalities. As per WHO, the maximum permissible limit of nitrate in drinking water is 10 mg/L and in groundwater is 50 mg/L; exceeding the limits, several human health problems are observed.

Effect of Spin-Orbit Coupling on Phonon-Mediated Magnetic Relaxation in a Series of Zero-Valent Vanadium, Niobium, and Tantalum Isocyanide Complexes.

Spin-vibronic coupling leads to spin relaxation in paramagnetic molecules, and an understanding of factors that contribute to this phenomenon is essential for designing next-generation spintronics technology, including single-molecule magnets and spin-based qubits, wherein long-lifetime magnetic ground states are desired. We report spectroscopic and magnetic characterization of the isoelectronic and isostructural series of homoleptic zerovalent transition metal triad M(CNDipp) (M = V, Nb, Ta; CNDipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl isocyanide) and show experimentally the significant increase in spin relaxation rate upon going from V to Nb to Ta. Correlated electronic calculations and first principle spin-phonon computations support the role of spin-orbit coupling in modulating spin-phonon relaxation.

Time-transformation technique for generation of optical pulse multiplets in a single mode anomalous dispersion optical fiber.

We present the generation of optical pulse multiplets in the temporal domain from a single pulse using the time-transformation technique for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The generation of a pair of compressed, well-spaced, and identical Gaussian pulses from a third-order super-Gaussian input pulse when propagated through an anomalous dispersion fiber is reported. Detailed analysis on the effect of variation of input energy, pulse parameters, and optical gain in view of doublet formation leading to the possibility of high effective repetition rate (ERR) at smaller propagating length is reported.

Measurements of the Electroweak Diboson Production Cross Sections in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=5.02 TeV Using Leptonic Decays.

The first measurements of diboson production cross sections in proton-proton interactions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV are reported. They are based on data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 302  pb^{-1}.

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at .

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented.

Precision luminosity measurement in proton-proton collisions at in 2015 and 2016 at CMS.

The measurement of the luminosity recorded by the CMS detector installed at LHC interaction point 5, using proton-proton collisions at in 2015 and 2016, is reported. The absolute luminosity scale is measured for individual bunch crossings using beam-separation scans (the van der Meer method), with a relative precision of 1.3 and 1.

Search for a heavy vector resonance decaying to a boson and a Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at .

A search is presented for a heavy vector resonance decaying into a boson and the standard model Higgs boson, where the boson is identified through its leptonic decays to electrons, muons, or neutrinos, and the Higgs boson is identified through its hadronic decays. The search is performed in a Lorentz-boosted regime and is based on data collected from 2016 to 2018 at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 . Upper limits are derived on the production of a narrow heavy resonance , and a mass below 3.

Search for charged Higgs bosons produced in vector boson fusion processes and decaying into vector boson pairs in proton-proton collisions at .

A search for charged Higgs bosons produced in vector boson fusion processes and decaying into vector bosons, using proton-proton collisions at at the LHC, is reported. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137 collected with the CMS detector. Events are selected by requiring two or three electrons or muons, moderate missing transverse momentum, and two jets with a large rapidity separation and a large dijet mass.