Density amplifiers of cooperation for spatial games.

Spatial games provide a simple and elegant mathematical model to study the evolution of cooperation in networks. In spatial games, individuals reside in vertices, adopt simple strategies, and interact with neighbors to receive a payoff. Depending on their own and neighbors' payoffs, individuals can change their strategy.

Chitosan nanoparticle-mediated nose-to-brain delivery of naringenin: Attenuating memory decline in experimental animals via behavioural assessment and modulation of biochemical parameters.

Naringenin, a flavonoid with potent antioxidant properties, faces low bioavailability, limiting its clinical application in Alzheimer's disease. This study developed naringenin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (NAR-CNPs) for nose-to-brain delivery using the ionic gelation method. The NAR-CNPs exhibited an average particle size of 112.

Introduction to targeted biomedical applications of nanomaterials.

This new collection in , , and will focus on the design of multifunctional hybrid nanomaterials for different applications and on interfacing nanomaterials with biological systems for translational studies.

R243W Mutation in Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome Beta: A Case Report.

A three-year-old girl with a history of recurrent tonsillitis was investigated for failure to thrive and global developmental delay. Clinically, she had a triangular face with low-set ears and intermittent tachycardia. She had growth failure with her weight under the third centile while her height was within normal limits.

Synergistic Inclusion of Reaction Activator and Reaction Accelerator to Ni-MOF Toward Extra-Ordinary Performance of Urea Oxidation Reaction.

Recently electrochemical urea oxidation reaction (UOR) has emerged as the technology of demand for commercialization of urea-based energy conversion. However, the nascent idea is limited by the energy burden of threshold voltage and the sluggish reaction kinetics involving a six-electron transfer mechanism. Herein, for the first time, the engineering of electrocatalysts are proposed with simultaneous inclusion of UOR activator and UOR accelerator.

Efficacy and Safety of Biosimilar Cetuximab Versus Innovator Cetuximab in Indian Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Trial.

Purpose: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is the sixth most common cancer, with approximately 225,419 new cases with over 125,000 deaths annually in India. This trial compared the efficacy and safety of biosimilar cetuximab versus innovator cetuximab (IC) in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with recurrent locoregional or metastatic SCCHN.

Methods: This phase III trial is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind and parallel group study performed in Indian patients with recurrent locoregional or metastatic SCCHN.

Childhood trauma in bipolar affective disorder: A case control study.

Background: The etiology of Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD) is influenced by a variety of factors, possibly related to gene-environment interactions. Childhood trauma (CT) has been associated with an increased risk of developing BPAD. It also impacts the course of illness.

Alcohol dependence syndrome in patients with alcoholic liver disease: A cross sectional observational study.

Background: Excessive alcohol use leads to a spectrum of liver disease. While physicians treat liver disease, the cause, i.e.

Building psychological resilience among families of service personnel.

Psychological resilience means adapting positively to adversity. This is armed forces' very context and function-encountering, enduring, and overcoming challenging situations through resilience. Scientific study of psychological resilience has moved from individual, to process, onward to developmental trajectories, and to neuro-biological underpinnings.

Corrigendum: Dietary polyphenols, resveratrol and pterostilbene exhibit antitumor activity on an HPV E6-positive cervical cancer model: an and analysis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.

Understanding the effect of plasticizers in film coat materials on the physical stability of amorphous solid dispersions.

Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) have been extensively utilized to improve the bioavailability of drugs that have low aqueous solubility. The influence of different excipients on the conversion of amorphous drugs into their crystalline forms in ASDs has been extensively researched. However, there is limited knowledge examining the impact of film coating materials on the physical stability of oral tablet formulations containing ASDs.

Vitamin K2 Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Decline by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation.

Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disease, affects approximately 422 million people and leads to 1.5 million deaths every year, It is found that 45% of individuals with diabetes eventually develop cognitive impairment. Here we study effects of Vitamin K2 on diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD) and its underlying mechanism.

Silk Composite-Based Multifunctional Pellets for Controlled Release.

Chronic wounds present significant clinical challenges due to the high risk of infections and persistent inflammation. While personalized treatments in point-of-care settings are crucial, they are limited by the complex fabrication techniques of the existing products. The calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH)-based drug delivery platform enables rapid fabrication but lacks antioxidant and antibacterial properties, essential to promote healing.

Dynamic metal coordination controls chemoselectivity in radical halogenases.

The activation of inert C( )-H bonds by non-heme Fe enzymes plays a key role in metabolism, epigenetics, and signaling, while providing a powerful biocatalytic platform for the chemical synthesis of molecules with increased complexity. In this context, Fe /α-ketoglutarate-dependent radical halogenases represent a broadly interesting system, as they are uniquely capable of carrying out transfer of a diverse array of bound anions following C-H activation. Here, we provide the first experimental evidence that bifurcation of H-atom abstraction and radical rebound is driven both by the ability of a dynamic metal coordination sphere to reorganize as well as by a second-sphere hydrogen-bond network where only two residues (Asn224 and Ile151) are necessary and sufficient.

Damaging mutations in liver X receptor-α are hepatotoxic and implicate cholesterol sensing in liver health.

Liver X receptor-α (LXRα) regulates cellular cholesterol abundance and potently activates hepatic lipogenesis. Here we show that at least 1 in 450 people in the UK Biobank carry functionally impaired mutations in LXRα, which is associated with biochemical evidence of hepatic dysfunction. On a western diet, male and female mice homozygous for a dominant negative mutation in LXRα have elevated liver cholesterol, diffuse cholesterol crystal accumulation and develop severe hepatitis and fibrosis, despite reduced liver triglyceride and no steatosis.

NIR-Responsive Deployable and Self-Fitting 4D-Printed Bone Tissue Scaffold.

The treatment of irregular-shaped and critical-sized bone defects poses a clinical challenge. Deployable, self-fitting tissue scaffolds that can be implanted by minimally invasive procedures are a promising solution. Toward this, we fabricated NIR-responsive and programmable polylactide-co-trimethylene carbonate (PLMC) scaffolds nanoengineered with polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA) by extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) printing.

Dual Crosslinked Antioxidant Mixture of Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles as a Bioink for 3D Bioprinting.

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has made it possible to fabricate structures with intricate morphologies and architectures, which is considered difficult to do when using other conventional techniques like electrospinning. Although the 3D printing of thermoplastics has seen a huge boom in the past few years, it has been challenging to translate this technology to cell-based printing. A major limitation in bioprinting is the lack of inks that allow for the printing of 3D structures that meet the biological requirements of a specific organ or tissue.

Altered brain functional connectivity in patients with resistance to thyroid hormone ß.

To investigate changes in brain network organization and possible neurobehavioral similarities to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), we measured changes in brain resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fMRI) and cognitive domains in patients with resistance to thyroid hormone β (RTHβ) and compared them with those in healthy control subjects. In this prospective case-control study, twenty-one participants with genetically confirmed RTHβ were matched with 21 healthy controls. The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.

3D-Printed Silk Proteins for Bone Tissue Regeneration and Associated Immunomodulation.

Current bone repair methods have limitations, prompting the exploration of innovative approaches. Tissue engineering emerges as a promising solution, leveraging biomaterials to craft scaffolds replicating the natural bone environment, facilitating cell growth and differentiation. Among fabrication techniques, three-dimensional (3D) printing stands out for its ability to tailor intricate scaffolds.

What can quantum information theory offer to quantum chemistry?

It is the ultimate goal of this work to foster synergy between quantum chemistry and the flourishing field of quantum information theory. For this, we first translate quantum information concepts, such as entanglement and correlation, into the context of quantum chemical systems. In particular, we establish two conceptually distinct perspectives on 'electron correlation', leading to a notion of orbital and particle correlation.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Sheehan's Syndrome: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Obesity, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance are associated with hypopituitarism. The association between these conditions and Sheehan's syndrome (SS) caused by post-partum pituitary gland necrosis is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess cardiovascular risk surrogate markers in SS patients, and we compared clinical, biochemical and radiological testing with healthy controls.

Multibiofunctional Self-healing Adhesive Injectable Nanocomposite Polysaccharide Hydrogel.

Injectable hydrogels with good antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, self-healing characteristics, suitable mechanical properties, and therapeutic effects have great practical significance for developing treatments for pressing healthcare challenges. Herein, we have designed a novel, self-healing injectable hydrogel composite incorporating cross-linked biofunctional nanomaterials by mixing alginate aldehyde (Ox-Alg), quaternized chitosan (QCS), adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH), and copper oxide nanosheets surface functionalized with folic acid as the bioligand (F-CuO). Gelation was achieved under physiological conditions via the dynamic Schiff base cross-linking mechanism.

A 4D printed nanoengineered super bioactive hydrogel scaffold with programmable deformation for potential bifurcated vascular channel construction.

Four-dimensional (4D) printing of hydrogels enabled the fabrication of complex scaffold geometries out of static parts. Although current 4D fabrication strategies are promising for creating vascular parts such as tubes, developing branched networks or tubular junctions is still challenging. Here, for the first time, a 4D printing approach is employed to fabricate T-shaped perfusable bifurcation using an extrusion-based multi-material 3D printing process.