Molecular detection of human papillomavirus prevalence in clinically normal females and identification of high-risk HPV 16 and 18 under low resources setting: a cohort study from Sri Lanka.

Unlabelled: High oncogenic risk types of human papillomaviruses are mainly transmitted via sexual contact and are the main cause of cervical cancer in females in developing countries. Molecular detection of HPV infection enables early cancer detection; however, it is not widely used in low-income countries due to resource constraints. The aim of this study was to assess economical yet sensitive HPV detection and genotyping assays for both physician and self-collected cervical samples in a resource limited diagnostic setting.

Evidence-based intrapartum care during vaginal births: Direct observations in a tertiary care hospital in Central Sri Lanka.

Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an effective approach to improve maternal and newborn outcomes at birth.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the current intrapartum practices of a tertiary care hospital in Central Province, Sri Lanka, during vaginal births. The benchmark for this assessment was the World Health Organisation's (WHO) recommendations on intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience.

Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of the Procedure-specific Risks of Thrombosis and Bleeding in General Abdominal, Colorectal, Upper Gastrointestinal, and Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery.

Objective: To provide procedure-specific estimates of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) and major bleeding after abdominal surgery.

Background: The use of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis represents a trade-off that depends on VTE and bleeding risks that vary between procedures; their magnitude remains uncertain.

Methods: We identified observational studies reporting procedure-specific risks of symptomatic VTE or major bleeding after abdominal surgery, adjusted the reported estimates for thromboprophylaxis and length of follow-up, and estimated cumulative incidence at 4 weeks postsurgery, stratified by VTE risk groups, and rated evidence certainty.

Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity on Body Composition Analysis is a Significant Predictor of Mortality in Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background: The prevalence and impact of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity noted on body composition analysis in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is unknown. This study investigates the prevalence of sarcopenia at different timepoints and its effect on post-pancreatitis complications and mortality.

Methods: A prospective database of SAP admissions with organ failure at a single institution from 2015 to 2019 were analysed.

Upfront surgery vs. neoadjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic cancer: a narrative review of available evidence.

Background And Objective: Though the use of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is increasing in the setting of borderline resectable (BRPC) and locally advance pancreatic cancer (LAPC), the role of NAT in resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) remains uncertain.

Methods: This is a narrative review, summarising the contemporary evidence and emerging studies comparing neoadjuvant therapy to upfront resection and adjuvant therapy in RPC.

Key And Content And Findings: Upfront resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is currently the standard of care for RPC.

Systematic reviews of observational studies of Risk of Thrombosis and Bleeding in General and Gynecologic Surgery (ROTBIGGS): introduction and methodology.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and bleeding are serious and potentially fatal complications of surgical procedures. Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis decreases the risk of VTE but increases the risk of major post-operative bleeding. The decision to use pharmacologic prophylaxis therefore represents a trade-off that critically depends on the incidence of VTE and bleeding in the absence of prophylaxis.

Endoscopic transmural drainage is associated with improved outcomes in disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS) is a complication of acute necrotizing pancreatitis in the neck and body of the pancreas often manifesting as persistent pancreatic fluid collection (PFC) or external pancreatic fistula (EPF). This systematic review and pairwise meta-analysis aimed to review the definitions, clinical presentation, intervention, and outcomes for DPDS.

Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS databases were systematically searched until February 2020 using the PRISMA framework.

Impact of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy on short- and long-term outcomes in advanced pancreatic cancer: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

: We analyzed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the impact of PERT on weight change, quality of life, and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC).: All RCTs indexed in PubMed, Medline and Scopus, databases reporting PEI in APC and the effect of PERT were included up to August 2020. The primary outcome measure was OS and the secondary outcome measures were weight change and quality of life.

Left ventricular thrombus after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre observational study.

Aims: The incidence of left ventricular (LV) thrombus following ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has reduced with modern reperfusion therapies. There is scant local data on the incidence and outcomes of LV thrombus in the contemporary era of rapid reperfusion.

Methods: Patients with STEMI admitted to Auckland City Hospital between January 2014 and December 2015 were identified using the All New Zealand Acute Coronary Syndrome Quality Improvement (ANZACS-QI) registry and their clinical notes were retrospectively reviewed.

Meta-analysis of survival outcomes following surgical and non surgical treatments for colorectal cancer metastasis to the lung.

Background: Controversy exists regarding the optimal management of colorectal lung metastases (CRLM). This meta-analysis compared surgical (Surg) versus interventional (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy) and observational non-surgical (NSurg) management of CRLM.

Methods: A systematic review of the major databases including Medline, Embase, SCOPUS and the Cochrane library was performed.

A Network Meta-analysis of Surgery for Chronic Pancreatitis: Impact on Pain and Quality of Life.

Background: The surgical operation associated with improved pain and quality of life (QoL) in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) is unknown.

Method: The Scopus, EMBASE, Medline and Cochrane databases were systematically searched until May 2019, and all randomised trials (RCTs) comparing surgical operations for CP pain were included in a network meta-analysis (NMA).

Results: Four surgical operations for treating CP were directly compared in eight RCTs including 597 patients.

Haemostatic Efficacy of Topical Agents During Liver Resection: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Trials.

Background: Hepatic resection carries a high risk of parenchymal bleeding both intra- and post-operatively. Topical haemostatic agents are frequently used to control bleeding during hepatectomy, with multiple products currently available. However, it remains unknown which of these is most effective for achieving haemostasis and improving peri-operative outcomes.

In vitro and in vivo impairment of embryo implantation by commonly used fungicide Mancozeb.

The fungicide Mancozeb is an endocrine-disrupting chemical and the mode of action of Mancozeb on embryo implantation is largely unknown. Mancozeb (1 and 3 μg/ml) significantly reduced Jeg-3 trophoblastic spheroids attachment to endometrial epithelial Ishikawa cells. Mancozeb treatment from gestation day (GD) 1 to GD8 or from GD4 to GD8 significantly lowered the number of implantation sites with higher incidence of morphological abnormalities in the reproductive tissues.

Critical appraisal of the techniques of pancreatic anastomosis following pancreaticoduodenectomy: A network meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) remains a major cause of morbidity following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). This network meta-analysis (NMA) compared techniques of pancreatic anastomosis following PD to determine the technique with the best outcome profile.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on the Scopus, EMBASE, Medline and Cochrane databases to identify RCTs employing the international study group of pancreatic fistula (ISGPF) definition of POPF.

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Management of Pain in Chronic Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Complications.

Objectives: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been used to manage pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the effectiveness and complications of SCS in the management of pain associated with CP.

Materials And Methods: An exploratory systematic review was performed through a literature search of the PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases.

Sarcopenic obesity and post-operative morbidity after pancreatic surgery: a cohort study.

Background: Several indices of sarcopenia (SARC) exist in the literature, however, there is no consensus as to the best SARC index to predict post-operative morbidity following pancreatic surgery.

Methods: A prospectively collected database was reviewed in a single institution including a total of 89 consecutive patients who had undergone pancreatic resection between 2015 and 2018.

Results: A total of 89 patients comprised the cohort.

Prophylactic Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Closed Abdominal Incisions: A Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) may prevent subcutaneous fluid accumulation in a closed wound and subsequently reduce surgical site infections (SSI). This meta-analysis aimed to determine the effect of prophylactic NPWT on SSI incidence following abdominal surgery.

Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed using PRISMA methodology.

Enucleation for branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The role of enucleation (EN) for branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMN) is poorly defined. This systematic review aims to review EN for BD-IPMN and compare it with pancreatic resection (pancreaticoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy and central pancreatectomy).

Methods: A systematic review of published literature was performed using PRISMA guidelines, and included a search of PubMed, MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases.

The Impact of the Depth of Venous Invasion on Survival Following Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer: a Meta-analysis of Available Evidence.

Purpose: The prognostic significance of portal/superior mesenteric vein (PV/SMV) invasion at the time of pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is contentious. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the survival outcomes in patients with histologically proven adventitial (superficial) versus media/intimal (deep) PV/SMV invasion at the time of PD for PDAC.

Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed, MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases were performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Patient characteristics and clinical outcomes following initial surgical intervention for MEN1 associated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: A systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis of the literature.

Background: This systematic review aimed to define the outcomes of different pancreatic resection procedures for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) associated pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs).

Methods: A search of PubMed, MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases were performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Results: Twenty-seven studies including 533 patients undergoing initial pancreatic resection for MEN1 associated pNENs were included in this systematic review.

Multicenter randomized crossover trial evaluating the provox luna in laryngectomized subjects.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the relative compliance and the dermatological and pulmonary outcomes when the Provox Luna system (Atos Medical, Malmö, Sweden) is added during the night to the usual tracheastoma care of laryngectomized subjects.

Methods: This was a multicenter randomized crossover trial conducted in the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, and Maastricht University Medical Center in The Netherlands. The study included 46 laryngectomized subjects with prior heat and moisture exchanger (HME) and adhesive experience.

Impact of preoperative sarcopenia on postoperative outcomes following pancreatic resection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Morphometric analysis of sarcopenia has garnered interest due to its putative role in predicting outcomes following surgery for a variety of pathologies, including resection for pancreatic disease. However, there are no standard recommendations on whether sarcopenia is a clinically relevant predictor of outcomes in this setting. The aim of this study was to review the prognostic impact of preoperatively diagnosed sarcopenia on postoperative outcomes following pancreatic resection.

The anatomy and physiology of the terminal thoracic duct and ostial valve in health and disease: potential implications for intervention.

The thoracic duct (TD) transports lymph drained from the body to the venous system in the neck via the lymphovenous junction. There has been increased interest in the TD lymph (including gut lymph) because of its putative role in the promotion of systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction during acute and critical illness. Minimally invasive TD cannulation has recently been described as a potential method to access TD lymph for investigation.