Drivers of coastal benthic communities in a complex environmental setting.

Analyzing the environmental factors affecting benthic communities in coastal areas is crucial for uncovering key factors that require conservation action. Here, we collected benthic and environmental (physical-chemical-historical and land-based) data for 433 transects in Taiwan. Using a k-means approach, five communities dominated by crustose coralline algae, turfs, stony corals, digitate, or bushy octocorals were first delineated.

Impacts of heat stress and storm events on the benthic communities of Kenting National Park (Taiwan).

Over the past few decades, extreme events-such as ocean warming, typhoons, and coral bleaching-have been increasing in intensity and frequency, threatening coral reefs from the physiological to ecosystem level. In the present study, the impacts of rising seawater temperatures, typhoons, and coral bleaching events on benthic communities were seasonally assessed over a 21 month-period, using photo-transects at 11 sites in Kenting National Park (KNP), Taiwan. Between August 2015 and April 2017, seven typhoon events were recorded and seawater temperatures in KNP reached a maximum of 31.

Stakeholders Opinions on Multi-Use Deep Water Offshore Platform in Hsiao-Liu-Chiu, Taiwan.

This paper describes a group model building activity designed to elicit the potential effects a projected multi-use deep water offshore platform may have on its local environment, including ecological and socio-economic issues. As such a platform is proposed for construction around the island of Hsiao-Liu-Chiu, Taiwan, we organized several meetings with the local stakeholders and structured the debates using group modeling methods to promote consensus. During the process, the participants iteratively built and revised a causal-loop diagram that summarizes their opinions.

Building a stakeholder's vision of an offshore wind-farm project: A group modeling approach.

This paper describes a Group Model Building (GMB) initiative that was designed to discuss the various potential effects that an offshore wind-farm may have on its local ecology and socioeconomic development. The representatives of various organizations in the study area, Lu-Kang, Taiwan, have held several meetings, and structured debates have been organized to promote the emergence of a consensual view on the main issues and their implications. A System Dynamics (SD) model has been built and corrected iteratively with the participants through the GMB process.

Presidential address: Early parent-infant interaction and mental health.

The importance and meaning of early mother-infant interaction and their possible connection with developmental psychopathology and child psychiatry practice are presented. In an experimental study healthy mothers and their infants were kept together immediately after delivery instead of separating them. Correlation was found between early interactive behavior and later outcome measurements.

[30 years later: children attending a counseling service up to 3 years of age].

From 1953 through 1955 a total of 2364 individuals between o and 18 years were discharged from the Stockholm Child Guidance Clinics. Among these patients 125 (68 boys, 57 girls) were under the age of 3 years. A follow-up study was conducted 30 years later on this sample using records from psychiatric clinics and data from official registers of problematic behaviours.

Effects of physical training in a hypobaric chamber on the physical performance of competitive triathletes.

The effects of training in a hypobaric chamber on aerobic metabolism were studied in five high performance triathletes. During 3 weeks, the subjects modified their usual training schedule (approximately 30 h a week), replacing three sessions of bicycling exercise by three sessions on a cycle ergometer in a hypobaric chamber simulating an altitude of 4,000 m (462 mm Hg). Prior to and after training in the hypobaric chamber the triathletes performed maximal and submaximal exercise in normoxia and hypoxia (462 mm g).

[Digestive disorders and self medication observed during a competition in endurance athletes. Prospective epidemiological study during a championship of triathlon].

Gastro-intestinal disorders were described during long lasting exercise. However, no systematic evaluation was done before the study of the French Medical Society of Triathlon, which realized an epidemiologic analysis during the French triathlon championship in 1989. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and the nature of different gastro-intestinal symptoms, to precise the severity and the consequences of these disorders, and to evaluate the self-medication.

Low field magnetic resonance imaging of the central nervous system in 15 children with autistic disorder.

Fifteen children, 10 boys and 5 girls, with autistic disorder, were studied with low field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The age ranged from 2.7-13.

Circulatory monitoring of children during anaesthesia in low-field magnetic resonance imaging.

Anaesthesia for patients in a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner provides some problems for the design of both the anaesthetic and the monitoring equipment. This report presents a technique for continuously displaying the heart rate during anaesthesia for children in an MRI scanner. The monitoring system used light to detect differences in skin capillary circulation, and the light was transferred to and from the patient via fiberoptic cables.

Long-term effect on mother-infant behaviour of extra contact during the first hour post partum. V. Follow-up at three years.

Primiparous mothers and their infants who had had an extra 15-20 minutes skin-to-skin and suckling contact (P+) during the first hour after delivery behaved differently, had a longer duration of breast-feeding, and expressed different opinions on child rearing practices at follow-ups 36 hours, 3 and 12 months after delivery as compared with a control group (P) of primiparous mothers and their infants, who were given routine care immediately after birth. The present report is based on parts of the results of the follow-up at 3 years. Asked in retrospect more P mothers found the time together with their infants immediately after delivery to have been insufficient.

The interaction between the infant and the environment: the importance of mother-child contact after delivery.

Birth is more than just the physical beginning of a new life--it is also the start of the psychosocial development of the newborn infant together with its family. Immediately after delivery parents and infants can start to exchange signals that maybe are of major importance for this development. The early post partum period has been regarded to have great potentials and especially the mother has been regarded to play a very powerful role, whereas the infant's contribution has been accorded little discussion.

Maternal age and transition to motherhood: prenatal and perinatal assessments.

The purpose of this short-term longitudinal study was to document the contents and consequences of the timing of first birth to two groups of Swedish mothers in respect to biomedical, behavioral, psychological and social variables. Fifty-one primiparous women participated in the study during pregnancy through the first 4 months postpartum. Women were assigned to group dependent upon age: those 20-29 years of age in Group 1; and those 30-39 years of age in Group 2.

Left-side preference in holding and carrying newborn infants. A three-year follow-up study.

Observation of maternal infant holding was made during the postnatal week. Among 264 observed mothers 37 were right-holding and 35 could be traced 3 years later. They were matched with 35 left-holding mothers.

Transfer of terbutaline into breast milk.

Terbutaline has been determined in milk and plasma from 4 nursing mothers treated with Bricanyl tablets (2.5 or 5 mg, 3 times daily) because of obstructive lung disease. Both doses produced milk concentrations of terbutaline in the range 2.

Effects of naloxone on newborn infant behavior after maternal analgesia with pethidine during labor.

Infants born to mothers receiving 100 mg of pethidine during labor, were randomly given either 100 micrograms of naloxone (n = 14) or 0.25 ml 0.9% NaCl (n = 13) one hour post partum.

Long-term effect on mother-infant behaviour of extra contact during the first hour post partum. III. Follow-up at one year.

The present prospective study examined, one year after delivery, the possible effects of early extra contact during the first hour following delivery. An extra skin-to-skin contact and suckling contact was allowed 22 primiparous mothers and their infants (P + group). One control group of 20 primiparous mothers and their infants were given routine care immediately after birth (P group).

Fluoride in human milk.

Reported contents of fluoride (F) in human milk vary considerably. The aim of this study was to determine the F content in human milk under different levels of F intake using a siliconfacilitated microdiffusion technique, which had a good accuracy and precision. The mean F concentration of colostrum from mothers in a 1.

Left-side preference for holding and carrying newborn infants. Parental holding and carrying during the first week of life.

Four groups of adults were studied: new mothers, new fathers, fathers with older children, and males without children of their own. Nearly 80 per cent of all newly delivered mothers and fathers held their newborn infant against a point to the left of the body midline. Handedness and parity did not influence this preference, nor did the sex of the infant.