Potential Serum HMGB1, HSP90, and S100A9 as Metastasis Predictive Biomarkers for Cancer Patients and Relevant Cytokines: A Pilot Study.

Metastatic cancer is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide despite significant advancements in diagnosis and treatment. Biomarkers are one of the most promising diagnostic tools that are used alongside traditional diagnostic tools in cancer patients. DAMPs are intracellular molecules released in response to cellular stress, tissue injury, and cell death.

Tumor-Promoting Activity and Proteomic Profiling of Cisplatin/Oxaliplatin-Derived DAMPs in Cholangiocarcinoma Cells.

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are well recognized as the molecular signature of immunogenic cell death (ICD). The efficacy of drug-induced ICD function may be impacted by the precise ratio between immunostimulatory and immunoinhibitory DAMPs. Tumor-derived DAMPs can activate tumor-expressed TLRs for the promotion of tumor cell motility, invasion, metastatic spread and resistance to chemotherapeutic treatment.

The role of immunogenic cell death in gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy (Review).

Modern cancer immunotherapy techniques are aimed at enhancing the responses of the patients' immune systems to fight against the cancer. The main promising strategies include active vaccination of tumor antigens, passive vaccination with antibodies specific to cancer antigens, adoptive transfer of cancer-specific T cells and manipulation of the patient's immune response by inhibiting immune checkpoints. The application of immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers has been proven to enhance the immunity of patients undergoing various types of immunotherapy.

Porcine placenta extract improves high-glucose-induced angiogenesis impairment.

Background: High glucose (HG)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction impairs angiogenesis that is one pivotal factor of wound healing process. Angiogenesis impairment induces delayed wound healing, whereby it eventually leads to amputation in cases of poorly controlled diabetes with diabetic ulceration. Porcine placenta extract (PPE) is a natural waste product that comprises plenty of bioactive agents including growth factors and antioxidants.