Co-creation experiences among adults in diverse contexts: A Health CASCADE scoping review.

Objectives: This scoping review aimed to summarise available evidence relating to co-creation experiences among adults in diverse contexts. Understanding how participation in co-creation processes shapes experiences is important as it can offer insights into the improved development and effective use of such processes. Co-creation has increasingly gained attention due to its many claimed advantages and benefits to participants.

Adult co-creators' emotional and psychological experiences of the co-creation process: a Health CASCADE scoping review protocol.

Background: There is a growing investment in the use of co-creation, reflected by an increase in co-created products, services, and interventions. At the same time, a growing recognition of the significance of co-creators' experience can be detected but there is a gap in the aggregation of the literature with regard to experience. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review is to uncover the breadth of existing empirical research on co-creation experience, how it has been defined and assessed, and its key emotional and psychological characteristics in the context of co-created products, services, or interventions among adults.

Exploring Children's Self-Reported Activity Compensation: The REACT Study.

Purpose: Previous research has focused on device-based measures of activity compensation, with little understanding of how children perceive potential compensatory responses to activity or inactivity, or whether these change after periods of activity or inactivity. The aim of this study was (a) to explore the alignment between children's self-reported usual compensation and compensation recall after experimental conditions and (b) to examine sex differences.

Methods: In total, 360 children (47% boys) participated in at least one of three experimental conditions over 6 wk: (a) restricted physical activity (PA; indoor play), (b) imposed moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA; sports class), and (c) imposed light-intensity PA (LPA; standing lesson).

Joint Profiles of Sedentary Time and Physical Activity in Adults and Their Associations with Cardiometabolic Health.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify and characterize joint profiles of sedentary time and physical activity among adults and to investigate how these profiles are associated with markers of cardiometabolic health.

Methods: The participants included 3702 of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 at age 46 yr, who wore a hip-worn accelerometer during waking hours and provided seven consecutive days of valid data. Sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity on each valid day were obtained, and a data-driven clustering approach ("KmL3D") was used to characterize distinct joint profiles of sedentary time and physical activity intensities.

Objectively Measured Total Sedentary Time and Pattern of Sedentary Accumulation in Older Adults: Associations With Incident Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality.

Background: We examined associations of total duration and pattern of accumulation of objectively measured sedentary behavior (SB) with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality among older adults.

Methods: Total sedentary time and 8 sedentary accumulation pattern metrics were extracted from accelerometer data of 3 991 Whitehall II study participants aged 60-83 years in 2012-2013. Incident CVD and all-cause mortality were ascertained up to March 2019.

Identifying conducive contexts and working mechanisms of sedentary behaviour interventions in older adults: a realist review protocol as part of the 'Stand UP Seniors' project.

Introduction: Lifestyle behaviours, including sedentary behaviour, have been listed as key modifiable factors to promote healthy ageing. Sedentary behaviour is ubiquitous in older adults and has a strong link with age-related functional declines and chronic health conditions. Although several interventions have been developed aimed at the reduction of sedentary behaviour in older adults, little in-depth information is available on how these complex interventions work in different contexts.

Contrasting compositions of sitting, standing, stepping, and sleeping time: associations with glycaemic outcome by diabetes risk.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that prolonged sitting and its adverse impact on glycaemic indicators appear to be proportional to the degree of insulin resistance. To investigate this finding in a free-living context, we aimed to examine associations of device-measured 24-h time-use compositions of sitting, standing, stepping, and sleeping with fasting glucose (FPG) and 2 h post-load glucose (2hPLG) levels, and to examine separately the associations with time-use compositions among those at lower and at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses examined thigh-worn inclinometer data (activPAL, 7 day, 24 h/day protocol) from 648 participants (aged 36-80 years) at either lower (< 39 mmol/mol; < 5.

Sitting as a moral practice: Older adults' accounts from qualitative interviews on sedentary behaviours.

Amidst public health campaigns urging people to sit less as well as being more physically active, this paper investigates how older adults make sense of their sedentary behaviour. Using an accounts framework focusing on how people rationalise their sitting practices, we analysed data from 44 qualitative interviews with older adults. All interviewees had received information about sedentary behaviour and health, visual feedback on their own objectively measured sitting over a week and guidance on sitting less.

Cross-sectional and prospective associations of sleep, sedentary and active behaviors with mental health in older people: a compositional data analysis from the Seniors-ENRICA-2 study.

Background: Most studies on the effects of sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), and physical activity (PA) on mental health did not account for the intrinsically compositional nature of the time spent in several behaviors. Thus, we examined the cross-sectional and prospective associations of device-measured compositional time in sleep, SB, light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with depression symptoms, loneliness, happiness, and global mental health in older people (≥ 65 years).

Methods: Data were taken from the Seniors-ENRICA-2 study, with assessments in 2015-2017 (wave 0) and 2018-2019 (wave 1).

Association of daily composition of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with incidence of cardiovascular disease in older adults.

Background: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is proposed as key for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) prevention. At older ages, the role of sedentary behaviour (SB) and light intensity physical activity (LIPA) remains unclear. Evidence so far is based on studies examining movement behaviours as independent entities ignoring their co-dependency.

Compositional analysis of the association between mortality and 24-hour movement behaviour from NHANES.

Aims: Previous prospective studies of the association between mortality and physical activity have generally not fully accounted for the interplay between movement behaviours. A compositional data modelling approach accounts for relative scale and co-dependency in time-use data across physical activity behaviours of the 24-hour day.

Methods: A prospective analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 on N = 1468 adults (d = 135 deaths) in ages 50-79 years was undertaken using compositional Cox regression analysis.

Striking the Right Balance: Evidence to Inform Combined Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Recommendations.

Background: Crucial evidence gaps regarding: (1) the joint association of physical activity and sedentary time with health outcomes and (2) the benefits of light-intensity physical activity were identified during the development of recommendations for the World Health Organization Guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior (SB). The authors present alternative ways to evidence the relationship between health outcomes and time spent in physical activity and SB and examine how this could be translated into a combined recommendation in future guidelines.

Methods: We used compositional data analysis to quantify the dose-response associations between the balance of time spent in physical activity and SB with all-cause mortality.

Factors associated with fatigue in hip and/or knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and best evidence synthesis.

Objective: The aim was systematically to identify and evaluate factors related to fatigue in individuals with hip and/or knee OA.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE, ProQuest and Web of Science Core Collections databases. Inclusion criteria comprised cross-sectional, case-control or longitudinal studies on patients with a diagnosis of hip and/or knee OA that included self-reported fatigue measures.

An Exploration of Sedentary Behavior Patterns in Community-Dwelling People With Stroke: A Cluster-Based Analysis.

Background And Purpose: Long periods of daily sedentary time, particularly accumulated in long uninterrupted bouts, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. People with stroke are at high risk of recurrent events and prolonged sedentary time may increase this risk. We aimed to explore how people with stroke distribute their periods of sedentary behavior, which factors influence this distribution, and whether sedentary behavior clusters can be distinguished?

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of original accelerometry data from adults with stroke living in the community.

Sedentary behaviour and bone health in older adults: a systematic review.

Older adults spend more than 8 h/day in sedentary behaviours. Detrimental effects of sedentary behaviour (SB) on health are established, yet little is known about SB and bone health (bone mineral density; BMD) in older adults. The purpose of this review is to examine associations of SB with BMD in older adults.

Is the association between physical activity and fatigue mediated by physical function or depressive symptoms in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis? The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study.

: To examine whether physical activity (PA) was associated with fatigue, and quantify the extent of potential mediation through depressive symptoms or physical function (PF) on the relationship between PA and fatigue in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA).: This longitudinal study used data from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (n = 484), comprising subjects aged ≥ 50 years. Baseline PA was quantified via an ankle-worn accelerometer.

The Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on 24-Hour Movement Behavior in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: New Insights From a Compositional Perspective.

Background: Physical activity levels are low in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and there is limited knowledge about how pulmonary rehabilitation transforms movement behaviors. This study analyzed data from a pulmonary rehabilitation trial and identified determinants of movement behaviors.

Methods: Objectively assessed time in daily movement behaviors (sleep, sedentary, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity) from a randomized controlled trial (n = 73 participants) comparing home- and center-based pulmonary rehabilitation was analyzed using conventional and compositional analytical approaches.

Inequality in physical activity, global trends by income inequality and gender in adults.

Background: Physical inactivity is a global pandemic associated with a high burden of disease and premature mortality. There is also a trend in growing economic inequalities which impacts population health. There is no global analysis of the relationship between income inequality and population levels of physical inactivity.

A systematic review of compositional data analysis studies examining associations between sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity with health outcomes in adults.

This systematic review determined if the composition of time spent in movement behaviours (i.e., sleep, sedentary behaviour (SED), light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) is associated with health in adults.

Diurnal patterns of objectively measured sedentary time and interruptions to sedentary time are associated with glycaemic indices in type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: To investigate diurnal patterns of sedentary time and interruptions to sedentary time and their associations with achievement of pre-meal glucose, post-meal glucose, bedtime glucose and the dawn phenomenon targets and with duration of hypoglycaemia, euglycaemia, hyperglycaemia and above target range.

Design: Intensive longitudinal study.

Methods: In 37 adults with type 2 diabetes, the FreeStyle Libre and activPAL3 were used to monitor glucose and sedentary time and interruptions to sedentary time in the morning (07:00-12:00), afternoon (12:00-17:00) and evening (17:00-23:00) for 14 days.

A Pilot Randomised Clinical Trial of a Novel Approach to Reduce Sedentary Behaviour in Care Home Residents: Feasibility and Preliminary Effects of the GET READY Study.

Care-home residents are among the most sedentary and least active of the population. We aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and preliminary effects of an intervention to reduce sedentary behaviour (SB) co-created with care home residents, staff, family members, and policymakers within a pilot two-armed pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial (RCT). Four care homes from two European countries participated, and were randomly assigned to control (usual care, CG) or the Get Ready intervention (GR), delivered by a staff champion one-to-one with the care home resident and a family member.

Integrating Sleep, Physical Activity, and Diet Quality to Estimate All-Cause Mortality Risk: A Combined Compositional Clustering and Survival Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 Cycle.

We aimed to compare all-cause mortality risk across clusters of adults ≥50 years of age (n = 1,035) with common lifestyle behaviors patterns, enrolled in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2006). Log-ratio coordinates of 24-hour movement pattern and z scores of diet quality were used as input into a model-based clustering analysis. A Cox regression model was fitted to ascertain the all-cause mortality risk associated with each cluster.

Mobility in Community Dwelling Older Adults: Predicting Successful Mobility Using an Instrumented Battery of Novel Measures.

Mobility in older adults is associated with better quality of life. However, evidence suggests that older people spend less time out-of-home than younger adults. Traditional methods for assessing mobility have serious limitations.