Interfacial and Bulk Stabilization of Oil/Water System: A Novel Synergistic Approach.

Oil/water emulsions are usually stabilized either by interfacial modification using nanoparticles and surfactants (stated as pickering emulsion or bijels) or by bulk stabilization with the help of low-molecular-weight or polymeric gelators (known as bigels) in response to some external stimuli (e.g., pH, temperature).

Preparation and characterization of inorganic radioactive holmium-166 microspheres for internal radionuclide therapy.

Microspheres with high specific activities of radionuclides are very interesting for internal radiotherapy treatments. This work focuses on the formulation and characterization of inorganic microspheres with a high content of holmium and therefore a high specific radioactivity of holmium-166. Two novel formulations of inorganic microspheres were obtained by dispersing solid holmium acetylacetonate microspheres (Ho(AcAc)-ms) in NaHPO or NaOH solutions followed by 2 h incubation at room temperature.

Application of Classical Thermodynamics to Conductivity in Nonpolar Media: Experimental Confirmation.

We previously proposed ( Gourdin-Bertin , S. and Chassagne , C. J.

Compensating for Electrode Polarization in Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies of Colloidal Suspensions: Theoretical Assessment of Existing Methods.

Dielectric spectroscopy can be used to determine the dipole moment of colloidal particles from which important interfacial electrokinetic properties, for instance their zeta potential, can be deduced. Unfortunately, dielectric spectroscopy measurements are hampered by electrode polarization (EP). In this article, we review several procedures to compensate for this effect.

Application of classical thermodynamics to the conductivity in non-polar media.

Electrical conductivity in non-polar media is a subject which recently regained interest. If most of experiments and theoretical developments were done more than 50 years ago, new experiments and theories have been recently published. As the electrical conductivity describes, at low field, the equilibrium state of a system, it is natural to apply theories based on equilibrium thermodynamics.

Onsager's reciprocal relations in electrolyte solutions. II. Effect of ionic interactions on electroacoustics.

In electrolyte solutions, an electric potential difference, called the Ionic Vibration Potential (IVP), related to the ionic vibration intensity, is generated by the application of an acoustic wave. Several theories based on a mechanical framework have been proposed over the years to predict the IVP for high ionic strengths, in the case where interactions between ions have to be accounted for. In this paper, it is demonstrated that most of these theories are not consistent with Onsager's reciprocal relations.

Onsager's reciprocal relations in electrolyte solutions. I. Sedimentation and electroacoustics.

In the framework of irreversible thermodynamics, we show that the sedimentation current in electrolyte solutions is mathematically equivalent to the low frequency limit of the ionic vibration current, appearing in the presence of an acoustic wave. This non-trivial result is obtained thanks to a careful choice of the reference frame used to express the mass fluxes in the context of electroacoustics. Coupled transport phenomena in electrolyte solutions can also be investigated in a mechanical framework, with a set of Newtonian equations for the dynamics of charged solutes.

Onsager's reciprocal relations for electroacoustic and sedimentation: Application to (concentrated) colloidal suspensions.

In this article, the relations for electroacoustic phenomena, such as sedimentation potential, sedimentation intensity, colloid vibration potential, colloid vibration intensity/current, or electric sonic amplitude, are given, on the basis of irreversible thermodynamics. This formalism allows in particular to discuss the different expressions for concentrated suspensions found by various authors, which are of great practical interest. It was found that some existing expressions have to be corrected.

Reciprocal relations in electroacoustics.

In a colloidal suspension, one can generate sound waves by the application of an alternating electric field (Electrokinetic Sonic Amplitude, i.e., ESA).

Comparison between the electrokinetic properties of kaolinite and montmorillonite suspensions at different volume fractions.

We have investigated the electrokinetic responses of two different kinds of clay particles, kaolinite and montmorillonite. The dielectric permittivity of kaolinite suspensions is linearly proportional to volume fraction up to volume fractions of 20%, whereas that of montmorillonite is deviating from a linear relationship, for volume fractions below 0.5%.

Dielectric and electrophoretic response of montmorillonite particles as function of ionic strength.

Montmorillonite is a sheet-like clay mineral. The surface charge of the faces is always negative, whereas the surface charges of the edges depend on pH. In this study, pH is around 6.

Serum cytokines in follicular lymphoma. Correlation of TGF-β and VEGF with survival.

The prognosis of follicular lymphoma could vary with the tumor immune microenvironment. We evaluated the prognostic value of serum levels of ten cytokines. Our study cohort included 60 follicular lymphoma patients and 20 controls.

Electrokinetic study of kaolinite suspensions.

In this article a new formula for the electrophoretic mobility of a spheroidal colloid is given. This formula and the formula presented in Chassagne and Bedeaux [C. Chassagne, D.

Shear-induced flocculation of a suspension of kaolinite as function of pH and salt concentration.

The relation between the electrokinetic charge of kaolinite particles and their flocculation behavior has been investigated over a wide range of pH and added salt (for MgCl(2) and NaCl salts). All flocculation experiments have been done with a mixing jar (sediment volume concentration phi=3.84x10(-5)).

The dielectric response of a colloidal spheroid.

In this article, we present a theory for the dielectric behavior of a colloidal spheroid, based on an improved version of a previously published analytical theory [C. Chassagne, D. Bedeaux, G.

Combination of rituximab with chemotherapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Evaluation in daily practice before and after approval of rituximab in this indication.

Randomized trials have demonstrated improved outcome from adding rituximab to CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This retrospective study compared the outcomes of 224 patients with DLBCL treated in our institution before (Period 1, 1996-2002) and after (Period 2, 2002-2005) approval of rituximab in this indication to evaluate the impact of the drug in daily practice in unselected patients receiving different types of chemotherapy. We treated 131 patients in Period 1 versus 93 in Period 2 (median follow-up, 75 and 29 months, respectively) with no difference in patient characteristics between the two periods.

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: clinical and laboratory features at diagnosis in 77 patients.

We retrospectively analyzed 77 patients with pathologically diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma from a single city. There were 43 men and 34 women; the median age was 64.5 years (range, 30-91 yr).

ANG II type 1 receptor antagonist irbesartan inhibits coronary angiogenesis stimulated by chronic intermittent hypoxia in neonatal rats.

Chronic hypoxia has been shown to stimulate myocardial microvascular growth and improve cardiac ischemic tolerance in young and adult rats. The aim of this study was to determine whether the ANG II type 1 receptor (AT(1)) pathway was involved in these processes. Newborn Wistar rats, exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (8 h/day) for 10 days, were simultaneously treated with AT(1) receptor blocker irbesartan and compared with untreated animals.

The extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton in heart hypertrophy and failure.

Cell characteristics and phenotype depend on the nature of the extracellular matrix, the type and organization of integrins and cytoskeleton. The interactions between these components are poorly known at the myocyte level and during cardiac remodeling associated with cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. We analyze here the nature and organization of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, cytoskeleton and integrins and their regulation by growth factors, such as angiotensin II, in normal myocyte growth and in pathological growth (hypertrophy) of the myocardium and heart failure.

Electrically induced anisotropy in a colloidal dispersion of nanospheres as measured by electric birefringence.

Electrically induced birefringence experiments were performed on dispersions consisting of sulfate latex nanospheres of two different sizes and charges dispersed in an electrolyte solution, at various ionic strengths. The induced birefringence was found to have an important contribution increasing as a quadratic power law of the volume fraction of the spheres. This shows that interparticle interactions play a role in the observed birefringence.

Second autologous transplantation after failure of a first autologous transplant in 18 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

High-dose chemotherapy and autologous marrow or peripheral stem cell support offers the best chance of cure in some subgroups of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Less is known about the role of a second course of myeloablative chemotherapy in patients who relapse after a first autologous transplant. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the disease outcome, morbidity and mortality associated with second autologous transplantation in patients with NHL.

Primary cardiac Burkitt lymphoma in a child.

Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is a rare and usually fatal malignancy, seldom reported in children. This report describes the case of a 10-year-old boy who presented with multiple intracardiac masses which, when biopsied, proved to be small non-cleaved cell (Burkitt's) lymphoma. The first two cycles of chemotherapy according to the LMB 96 protocol were given under close cardiological supervision, with good response.

Expression of angiotensin type II receptor downregulates Cdk4 synthesis and inhibits cell-cycle progression.

Accumulating evidence suggests that angiotensin II type II (AT(2)) receptor subtype negatively regulates cell proliferation in pathophysiological conditions associated with tissue remodeling. However, the mechanisms through which AT(2) receptor achieves this effect remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that expression of AT(2) receptor inhibits the proliferation of rat fibroblasts in a ligand-independent manner.