High-Resolution Profiling of Human Vocal Fold Cellular Landscapes With Single-Nuclei RNA Sequencing.

Introduction: The function of the vocal folds (VFs) is determined by the phenotype, abundance, and distribution of differentiated cells within specific microenvironments. Identifying this histologic framework is crucial in understanding laryngeal disease. A paucity of studies investigating VF cellular heterogeneity has been undertaken.

Interpretable and context-free deconvolution of multi-scale whole transcriptomic data with UniCell deconvolve.

We introduce UniCell: Deconvolve Base (UCDBase), a pre-trained, interpretable, deep learning model to deconvolve cell type fractions and predict cell identity across Spatial, bulk-RNA-Seq, and scRNA-Seq datasets without contextualized reference data. UCD is trained on 10 million pseudo-mixtures from a fully-integrated scRNA-Seq training database comprising over 28 million annotated single cells spanning 840 unique cell types from 898 studies. We show that our UCDBase and transfer-learning models achieve comparable or superior performance on in-silico mixture deconvolution to existing, reference-based, state-of-the-art methods.

Integration of Single-Cell Transcriptomics With a High Throughput Functional Screening Assay to Resolve Cell Type, Growth Kinetics, and Stemness Heterogeneity Within the Comma-1D Cell Line.

Cell lines are one of the most frequently implemented model systems in life sciences research as they provide reproducible high throughput testing. Differentiation of cell cultures varies by line and, in some cases, can result in functional modifications within a population. Although research is increasingly dependent on these model systems, the heterogeneity within cell lines has not been thoroughly investigated.

The Breast Cancer Single-Cell Atlas: Defining cellular heterogeneity within model cell lines and primary tumors to inform disease subtype, stemness, and treatment options.

Purpose: Breast Cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer in women; however, through significant research, relative survival rates have significantly improved. Despite progress, there remains a gap in our understanding of BC subtypes and personalized treatments. This manuscript characterized cellular heterogeneity in BC cell lines through scRNAseq to resolve variability in subtyping, disease modeling potential, and therapeutic targeting predictions.

Klebsiella pneumoniae induces host metabolic stress that promotes tolerance to pulmonary infection.

K. pneumoniae sequence type 258 (Kp ST258) is a major cause of healthcare-associated pneumonia. However, it remains unclear how it causes protracted courses of infection in spite of its expression of immunostimulatory lipopolysaccharide, which should activate a brisk inflammatory response and bacterial clearance.

Single-cell RNA-sequencing atlas of bovine caudal intervertebral discs: Discovery of heterogeneous cell populations with distinct roles in homeostasis.

Back and neck pain are significant healthcare burdens that are commonly associated with pathologies of the intervertebral disc (IVD). The poor understanding of the cellular heterogeneity within the IVD makes it difficult to develop regenerative IVD therapies. To address this gap, we developed an atlas of bovine (Bos taurus) caudal IVDs using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq).

Cost Analysis of Noninvasive Blood-Based MicroRNA Testing Versus CT Scans for Follow-up in Patients With Testicular Germ-Cell Tumors.

Background: Our group has developed a noninvasive blood-based microRNA (miRNA) test for improving diagnosis, disease monitoring, and relapse detection in malignant testicular germ-cell tumors (TGCTs). Performance analysis suggests the test is likely to have comparable sensitivity and specificity in detecting TGCT as computed tomography (CT), thus reducing the need for serial CT scans for follow-up monitoring, with associated reductions in cumulative radiation burden and second cancer risk. To facilitate clinical adoption, we undertook a cost analysis to identify the budget impact of replacing CT scans with miRNA testing within health care systems.

Female Sexual Function and Sexual Well-being Before and After Breast Reduction: A Pilot Cross-sectional Study and Review of Literature.

Background: Breast reduction is one of the most frequently performed procedures in plastic surgery practice. Patients often undergo this procedure for not only aesthetic but also functional reasons because breast hypertrophy may hinder daily activities because of chronic spinal pain. Breast reduction has a documented impact on quality of life.

Global gray and white matter metabolic changes after simian immunodeficiency virus infection in CD8-depleted rhesus macaques: proton MRS imaging at 3 T.

To test the hypotheses that global decreased neuro-axonal integrity reflected by decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and increased glial activation reflected by an elevation in its marker, the myo-inositol (mI), present in a CD8-depleted rhesus macaque model of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. To this end, we performed quantitative MRI and 16 × 16 × 4 multivoxel proton MRS imaging (TE/TR = 33/1400 ms) in five macaques pre- and 4-6 weeks post-simian immunodeficiency virus infection. Absolute NAA, creatine, choline (Cho), and mI concentrations, gray and white matter (GM and WM) and cerebrospinal fluid fractions were obtained.

A BAC-based transgenic mouse specifically expresses an inducible Cre in the urothelium.

Cre-loxp mediated conditional knockout strategy has played critical roles for revealing functions of many genes essential for development, as well as the causal relationships between gene mutations and diseases in the postnatal adult mice. One key factor of this strategy is the availability of mice with tissue- or cell type-specific Cre expression. However, the success of the traditional molecular cloning approach to generate mice with tissue specific Cre expression often depends on luck.

1,4-naphthoquinone-2-sulfonic acid derivatives coupled to dextran as carriers for interferon.

Three derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone-2-sulfonic acid possessing the fragments of Cibacron Blue (CB) were synthesized and bound to Dextran T 2000 by ether binding. Polymers IVD, VD and VID were incubated with interferon (IFN) to obtain complexes: carrier-IFN. It was found that polymer VID has weaker affinity to mouse IFN-beta/alpha and to human IFN-beta than Blue Dextran.

New derivatives of blue dextran binding and stabilizing human or mouse interferons.

Mouse or human interferons were found to bind strongly to Blue Dextran 2000 and its eight new derivatives (compound VII to XIV covalently bound to Dextran 2000). The congeners of BD were pale violet or grey. The affinity of Blue Dextran and its congeners to interferons were: IFN-beta greater than IFN-alpha greater than IFN-gamma.

Synthesis of 1,4-diamino-anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid derivatives coupled to dextran as carriers for interferon.

Ten compounds (II, VI-XIV) of the simpler structure similar to Cibacron Blue were synthesized and bound to dextran with ether binding. Eight obtained high-molecular-weight compounds (D-VII to D-XIV) displayed in biological assays high affinity for mouse or human interferons.

Dextran T fractions substituted with cibacron blue F3G-A as carriers for mouse interferon.

Commercial dextran T fractions covering the molecular weight (Mt) range 10,000-2,000,000 were substituted with a covalently linked chromophore: Cibacron blue F3G-A. Mouse interferon (IF) was found to bind firmly to the blue dextran (BD) fractions. Fractions of high Mt (BD 2000 and BD 500) associated with IF are precipitated from the solution by polyethylene glycol (PEG).

Syntheses in the group of aminoguanidine derivatives with immunosuppressive and cytostatic properties.

A number of new derivatives of amino-, nitroamino- and diaminoguanidine (I, II, III) were synthetized. The course of the reactions was studied and the structure of new compounds obtained was confirmed. Some of them exhibited strong immunosuppressive and cytostatic activities, especially compounds: IV, VI, VII, VIII and IX.