Movement Disorders in Patients with Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Systematic Review.

Background: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a complication of measles, occurring after a latency of 4-10 years. It continues to occur in developing countries although resurgence is being reported from developed countries. Characteristic features include progressive neuropsychiatric issues, myoclonus, seizures, movement disorders and visual impairment.

Definition, diagnosis and classification of infection-related movement disorders: Consensus proposal.

Background: Infection-related movement disorders (IRMD) present a complex diagnostic challenge due to the broad phenotypic spectrum, the variety of possible infectious aetiologies, and the complicated underlying mechanisms. Yet, a comprehensive framework for classifying IRMD is lacking.

Methods: An international consensus panel under the directives of the Movement Disorders Society Infection-Related Movement Disorders Study Group developed a comprehensive definition and a consensus classification system.

Association of TOR1A and GCH1 Polymorphisms with Isolated Dystonia in India.

Isolated dystonia is a common movement disorder often caused by genetic mutations, although it is predominantly sporadic in nature. Common variants of dystonia-related genes were reported to be risk factors for idiopathic isolated dystonia. In this study, we aimed to analyse the roles of previously reported GTP cyclohydrolase (GCH1) and Torsin family 1 member A (TOR1A) polymorphisms in an Indian isolated dystonia case-control group.

Paroxysmal Asymmetric Dystonic Arm Posturing-A Less Recognized but Characteristic Manifestation of ATP1A3-related disease.

Background: mutations cause a wide clinical spectrum, and are one of the "commoner rare diseases".

Methods: Case series of four patients with mutations.

Results: The patients displayed characteristic episodes of dystonic arm posturing, involving a dystonic, flexed arm held in front of the body or close to the body, but with the hand raised upwards.

Pediatric movement disorders.

Pediatric movement disorders are commonly encountered clinical entities in the pediatric outpatient department. These disorders are a heterogenous group of disorders and may represent an underlying genetic disorder, a metabolic disorder or a hypoxic-ischemic insult during the perinatal period. Hyperkinetic movement disorders are more common as compared to hypokinetic disorders.

Genetic screening of THAP1 in primary dystonia patients of India.

Background: Primary Dystonia is a common movement disorder manifested by dystonic symptoms only. DYT6, a major genetic factor, plays a significant role in primary pure dystonia pathogenesis. In this study we analyzed THAP1 (DYT 6) gene in primary pure dystonia patients, which has been widely studied in other populations but not in Indians.

Diagnostic accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index in differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy from Parkinson's disease and controls in Indian patients.

Aims And Objectives: An assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging measurements of midbrain, pons, middle cerebellar peduncles (MCPs), and superior cerebellar peduncles (SCPs) and MR Parkinsonism Index (MRPI) in differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls was performed. The correlation of these MR imaging measurements with the duration and severity of disease in the Indian patients using the PSP rating scale (PSPRS) was also performed.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-six consecutive patients were enrolled in this study, satisfying the diagnostic criteria by the National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the Society for PSP (NINDS-SPSP), along with 13 PD and 30 control patients.

Non-motor symptoms in an Indian cohort of Parkinson's disease patients and correlation of progression of non-motor symptoms with motor worsening.

Aim: To document the frequency and prevalence of non-motor symptoms (NMS) in an Indian cohort of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.

Objectives: To validate the non-motor score scale (NMSS) in an Indian cohort of PD patients for recording NMS of the disease, to study the prevalence and frequency of NMS in Indian PD patients using the NMSS, and to compare the progression of NMS with motor worsening. Conclusion and Results: This was a cross-sectional, single-center, open-label, one point in time evaluation study conducted from 2009 to 2011.

Nonparaneoplastic anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case series of four children.

A rare, severe form of immune-mediated encephalitis recently has been described, associated with antibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. It is reported mostly in women with ovarian tumors. Nonparaneoplastic presentations are less common.

Movement disorder: a manifestation of HIV and its response to therapy.

Both akinetic and hyperkinetic movement disorders may rarely be the presenting feature of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The possible pathogenic basis is the involvement of subcortical structures by the HIV infection-related pathology. Opportunistic infections, or mass lesions complicating HIV infection.

Recurrent acute dystonic reaction and oculogyric crisis despite withdrawal of dopamine receptor blocking drugs.

Adverse events of dopamine-blocking agents include acute dystonic reactions and oculogyric crises (OGCs). OGCs may be recurrent on maintenance of or re-exposure to the drug. Thus, complete withdrawal is recommended.