The Mexican consensus on fecal incontinence.

Fecal incontinence is the involuntary passage or the incapacity to control the release of fecal matter through the anus. It is a condition that significantly impairs quality of life in those that suffer from it, given that it affects body image, self-esteem, and interferes with everyday activities, in turn, favoring social isolation. There are no guidelines or consensus in Mexico on the topic, and so the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología brought together a multidisciplinary group (gastroenterologists, neurogastroenterologists, and surgeons) to carry out the «Mexican consensus on fecal incontinence» and establish useful recommendations for the medical community.

Inflammatory bowel disease in Mexico: Epidemiology, burden of disease, and treatment trends.

Introduction And Aims: There is no systematized information for determining/monitoring the burden of inflammatory bowel disease in Mexico. The aim of the present study was to estimate the annual burden of inflammatory bowel disease on the Mexican National Healthcare System, by number of patients seen, hospitalizations, and specific deaths, stratified into age groups.

Materials And Methods: Utilizing specific databases of the Mexican National Healthcare System registries coded as ICD-10: K50 and K51, we retrieved and analyzed the data corresponding to the patients seen and hospitalized in 2015, stratified by age group, as well as the specific deaths.

A low frequency of post infection-IBS in patients attended in a tertiary referral center in México.

Background: PI-IBS prevalence is around 10.1%-14.5% ≥ 12 months after infectious gastroenteritis in North America, Europe and Asia.

The Mexican consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of diverticular disease of the colon.

Since the publication of the 2008 guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of diverticular disease of the colon by the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología, significant advances have been made in the knowledge of that disease. A systematic review of articles published in the medical literature from January 2008 to July 2018 was carried out to revise and update the 2008 guidelines and provide new evidence-based recommendations. All high-quality articles in Spanish and English published within that time frame were included.

The Mexican consensus on chronic constipation.

Introduction: Significant advances have been made in the knowledge and understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic constipation, since the publication of the 2011 guidelines on chronic constipation diagnosis and treatment in Mexico from the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología.

Aims: To present a consensus review of the current state of knowledge about chronic constipation, providing updated information and integrating the new scientific evidence.

Methods: Three general coordinators reviewed the literature published within the time frame of January 2011 and January 2017.

Maturation Phenotype of Peripheral Blood Monocyte/Macrophage After Stimulation with Lipopolysaccharides in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background/aims: Abnormal immune regulation and increased intestinal permeability augmenting the passage of bacterial molecules that can activate immune cells, such as monocytes/macrophages, have been reported in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim was to compare the maturation phenotype of monocytes/macrophages (CD14+) from IBS patients and controls in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), in vitro.

Methods: Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood of 20 Rome II-IBS patients and 19 controls and cultured with or without LPS for 72 hours.

[Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of constipation in Mexico. C) Medical and surgical treatment].

Background: There are multiple therapeutic options for the management of constipation, from lifestyle modifications to the use of laxatives and in extreme cases surgery.

Objectives And Methods: To establish the clinical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation in Mexico we conducted a review of the literature regarding medical and surgical treatments for chronic constipation and have made recommendations based on evidence.

Results: Low water consumption, physical inactivity and low intake of fiber are conditions associated with chronic constipation, but the evidence to prove these associations is scarce.

Quality of life in ostomized patients.

Background: Ostomized patients usually have some concerns such as absence of sphincter control, noisy bowel movements, changes in passage of gas, social discomfort due to odors, concerns about bag filling, peristomal and skin irritation as well as psychological changes such as body image distortion, among others, that will determine quality of life. We undertook this study to measure quality of life in ostomized patients attending the Coloproctology Unit in Hospital General de México.

Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive study from January 1, 2009 to May 29, 2009 in ostomized patients.

[Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (NIA) and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) in anoreceptive patients].

Background: An association between human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and progression to anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and epidermoid cancer has been established.

Objective: To know the prevalence of low and high grade AIN, as well as HPV infection in an anoreceptive patients group, infected or not, by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Material And Methods: All patients with anoreceptive sexual relations were considered in this study.

[Epidemiological characteristics of colorectal cancer in the General Hospital of Mexico. A 20 years analysis: 1988-2007].

Introduction: Distribution of colon and rectal tumors has been studied by many authors, which have considered that distal colon and rectum are more affected. However, its frequency and distribution have changed in recent years.

Objective: A descriptive analysis of colorectal cancer in the General Hospital of Mexico during the last 20 years (1988-2007).

[Complex anal fistula treated with cutting seton].

Background: Anorectal sepsis is a frequent condition presenting in the office of colorectal specialists. The acute phase presents as an abscess and the chronic phase as a fistula. We undertook this study to report the experience of the Coloproctology Unit of the General Hospital of Mexico in the management of complex anal fistula with cutting seton.

[Incidence, diagnosis and treatment of colovesical fistula].

Background: Enterovesical fistula, also known as vesicoenteric fistula, is an abnormal communication of the vesical bladder with a segment of the digestive tract. We undertook this study to describe diagnostic and therapeutic methods to treat colovesical fistula (CVF) in patients who attended the Coloproctology Unit of the Gastroenterology Service of the General Hospital in Mexico City.

Methods: This is a descriptive study in CVF patients carried out from January 2001 to June 2006; descriptive statistics were used for analysis of information.

[Treatment of chronic anal fissure with botulinic toxin type A].

Unlabelled: Anal fissure is a disease that generally affects to young people, but it can present at any age.

Purpose: To show our experience in the treatment of chronic anal fissure with botulinum toxin type A.

Material And Methods: This is a prospective, experimental and longitudinal study realized in the Coloproctology Unit in the General Hospital of Mexico City and in Medical North of Monterrey, Mexico, between June 2002 and November 2004.

[Results and analysis of Ferguson-type hemorrhoidectomy].

Background: We undertook this study to demonstrate the experience with Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy in the Coloproctology Unit in the Gastroenterology Service of the General Hospital in Mexico City.

Methods: A prospective, descriptive and observational study was designed and included patients with hemorrhoidal disease submitted to hemorrhoidectomy with Ferguson technique, from May 1999 to April 2004. Preoperative data included in the patient's chart was as follows: sex, age, time of evolution of symptoms, classification of hemorrhoids, associated disease, operative duration, immediate and late surgical complications and their management and healing duration.

[Non-surgical alternative management of hemorrhoidal disease].

Unlabelled: Clinical manifestations of hemorrhoidal disease depend on its location (internal or external) and the presence or not of complications.

Purpose: To describe the results of the three most common alternatives for non-surgical procedures treating internal hemorrhoids: rubber band ligation, esclerotherapy and infrared photocoagulation.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal and descriptive study from January 1998 to December 2002 was carried out, including variables like age, gender, clinical manifestations and date of initiation, type of non-surgical alternative treatment, complications, management and stage of the illness.

[Hidradenitis suppurativa].

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa is an inflammatory, chronic and recurrent disease of appocrine glands, located in inguinal, axillar, perineal, perianal areas and scalp.

Objective: To determine the frequency and therapeutic management.

Methods: A retrospective, transverse, and descriptive study was carried out.

[Surgical alternatives in the treatment of anal abscesses].

Introduction: Anal abscess is a pus collection localized in some of the regions around the anus and rectum. We reviewed the experience in the management of abscesses in Coloproctology Unit at the Gastroenterology Service in the General Hospital of Mexico.

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective, longitudinal and descriptive study in patients diagnosed as carriers of an anal abscess during the period from January 1998 to December 2002.

[Surgical management of anal fistula].

Unlabelled: Anal fistula has been known since the beginning of medical history and is defined as a duct of fibrous infected walls that runs from anal crypt to skin or rectal lumen. Internal orifice is called primary or internal, while cutaneous orifice is referred to as secondary or external. Several techniques have been developed for surgical management of anal fistula, including fistulotomy, fistulectomy with or without sphincter repair, placement of sedal cutting or seton drainage, endorectal advancement flap, and fibrin glue, among others.