Endophytic Fungi Inoculation Reduces Ramulosis Severity in Plants.

Biotic stress in cotton plants caused by the phytopathogenic fungus var. triggers symptoms of ramulosis, a disease characterized by necrotic spots on young leaves, followed by death of the affected branch's apical meristem, plant growth paralysis, and stimulation of lateral bud production. Severe cases of ramulosis can cause up to 85% yield losses in cotton plantations.