Inequalities in the Quality and Safety of Post-Diagnostic Primary Care for People With Dementia: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: International guidelines make recommendations for the delivery of safe, high-quality primary care for people with dementia including prescribing, personalised care planning and regular holistic reviews. It is unclear how the quality and safety of this healthcare varies with socio-economic factors.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to understand the depth and breadth of existing evidence exploring socio-economic variation in the quality and safety of primary care for people with dementia.

Common Cancer Types and Risk of Stroke and Bleeding in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Population-Based Study in England.

Background: The association between cancer and stroke or bleeding outcomes in atrial fibrillation is unclear. We sought to examine how certain types of cancer influence the balance between stroke and bleeding risk in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).

Methods And Results: We estimated stroke and bleeding risk among adult patients with NVAF and certain types of cancer (breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, and hematological cancer) from 2009 to 2019 based on data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and Aurum databases.

Aspergillus in COVID-19 intensive care unit; what is lurking above your head?

Introduction: Through routine respiratory samples surveillance among COVID-19 patients in the intensive care, three patients with aspergillus were identified in a newly opened general intensive care unit during the second wave of the pandemic.

Methodology: As no previous cases of aspergillus had occurred since the unit had opened. An urgent multidisciplinary outbreak meeting was held.

Progesterone and Preterm Birth: Using Empirical Research to Explore Structural Racism Within Midwifery-Led Care.

Background: Progesterone has been the standard of practice for the prevention of preterm birth for decades. The drug received expedited Food and Drug Administration approval, prior to the robust demonstration of scientific efficacy.

Methods: Prospective research from the American Association of Birth Centers Perinatal Data Registry, 2007-2020.

Mindfulness-based intervention in patients with persistent pain in chest (MIPIC) of non-cardiac cause: a feasibility randomised control study.

Objective: The study evaluated the feasibility of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in patients with non-cardiac chest pain by assessing their willingness to participate and adhere to the programme, and for these data to help further refine the content of MBCT for chest pain.

Patients And Methods: This prospective 2:1 randomised controlled trial compared the intervention of adapted MBCT as an addition to usual care with just usual care in controls. Among 573 patients who attended the rapid access chest pain clinic over the previous 12 months and were not diagnosed with a cardiac cause but had persistent chest pain were invited.

Experiences of Compassion in Adults With a Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

The study explored experiences of compassion in adults with a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) to further the development of the construct of compassion in relation to BPD. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to develop themes from the narratives of six adults with a diagnosis of BPD. Five themes emerged: and .

The Second Victim Phenomenon: How Are Midwives Affected?

Perinatal care providers are likely to encounter adverse events such as intrapartum emergencies, traumatic births, or maternal or fetal deaths. As a result of being directly or indirectly involved in an adverse event, health care providers can be considered second victims. The experience of the second victim phenomenon can lead to significant physical, psychological, and psychosocial sequelae that can negatively impact the provider's personal and professional life for either a short or long duration of time.

Memory, attention and fluency deficits in COPD may be a specific form of cognitive impairment.

There is increasing evidence demonstrating an association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cognitive impairment. We present a narrative review of published studies on the subject and a cross-sectional study investigating domain-specific cognitive impairment in people with COPD compared to people with known Alzheimer's dementia, and controls without known COPD or cognitive impairment. The aim of the study was to compare prevalence and pattern of cognitive impairment between the three groups using the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE)-III tool.

Validation of a Prediction Tool for Abusive Head Trauma.

Background And Objectives: Abusive head trauma (AHT) may be missed in the clinical setting. Clinical prediction tools are used to reduce variability in practice and inform decision-making. From a systematic review and individual patient data analysis we derived the Predicting Abusive Head Trauma (PredAHT) tool, using multilevel logistic regression to predict likelihood of AHT.

Conserved expression of truncated telethonin in a patient with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2G.

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2G is caused by mutations in the TCAP gene that encodes for telethonin. Here we describe a 49 year-old male patient of Indian descent presenting a classical LGMD phenotype. He had normal motor milestones but became noticeably slower in his early teens and was wheelchair bound by age 44.

A new monoclonal antibody DAG-6F4 against human alpha-dystroglycan reveals reduced core protein in some, but not all, dystroglycanopathy patients.

We generated a novel monoclonal antibody, DAG-6F4, against alpha-dystroglycan which immunolabels the sarcolemma in human muscle biopsies. Its seven amino-acid epitope, PNQRPEL, was identified using phage-displayed peptides and is located immediately after the highly-glycosylated mucin domain of alpha-dystroglycan. On Western blots of recombinant alpha-dystroglycan, epitope accessibility was reduced, but not entirely prevented, by glycosylation.

Is contact with adult mental health services helpful for individuals with a diagnosable BPD? A study of service users views in the UK.

Background: Previous research in the UK has suggested that individuals with a diagnosable borderline personality disorder (BPD) have often found contact with adult mental health services unhelpful. In 2003, UK government guidance outlined how services might address this issue. Since this guidance, there has been little research that seeks to understand services users' experiences of services and provide information about how services might improve.

Emotion and self-cutting: narratives of service users referred to a personality disorder service.

Theory and existing research suggest that emotion regulation capabilities develop during the formative years. Emotion dysregulation is associated with psychological distress and may contribute towards difficulties such as personality disorder and self-harm. This study aimed to explore the contexts in which individuals' narratives of emotional experience and self-harm developed.

Cultivating positive emotions: a useful adjunct when working with people who self-harm?

Unlabelled: This narrative review draws upon a broad range of literature, including theory and empirical research, to argue that positive emotions are a useful adjunct to therapy when working with individuals who self-harm. The review highlights how self-harm is often employed as a method of emotion regulation and may be both negatively and positively reinforced. It is suggested that individuals who self-harm have potential difficulty in experiencing positive and negative emotions.

Origin of trisomy: no evidence to support the ovarian mosaicism theory.

Objective: Trisomy is the most common type of chromosome abnormality, affecting 4% of clinically recognised pregnancies, of which, trisomies 16, 21 and 22 are the most prevalent. It has been suggested that a large proportion of maternally derived trisomic pregnancies, specifically trisomy 21, are the result of low-level ovarian mosaicism. In this study, we aimed to reproduce these previously published results on trisomy 21 and investigate the other common maternally derived trisomies (i.

The metabolic power requirements of flight and estimations of flight muscle efficiency in the cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus).

Little is known about how in vivo muscle efficiency, that is the ratio of mechanical and metabolic power, is affected by changes in locomotory tasks. One of the main problems with determining in vivo muscle efficiency is the large number of muscles generally used to produce mechanical power. Animal flight provides a unique model for determining muscle efficiency because only one muscle, the pectoralis muscle, produces nearly all of the mechanical power required for flight.

Comparison between mechanical power requirements of flight estimated using an aerodynamic model and in vitro muscle performance in the cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus).

There have been few comparisons between the relationship between the mechanical power requirements of flight and flight speed obtained using different approaches. It is unclear whether differences in the power-speed relationships reported in the literature are due to the use of different techniques for determining flight power or due to inter-specific differences. Here we compare the power-speed relationships in cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) determined using both an aerodynamic model and measurements of in vitro performance of bundles of pectoralis muscle fibres under simulated in vivo strain and activity patterns.

The mechanical power output of the pectoralis muscle of cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus): the in vivo muscle length trajectory and activity patterns and their implications for power modulation.

In order to meet the varying demands of flight, pectoralis muscle power output must be modulated. In birds with pectoralis muscles with a homogeneous fibre type composition, power output can be modulated at the level of the motor unit (via changes in muscle length trajectory and the pattern of activation), at the level of the muscle (via changes in the number of motor units recruited), and at the level of the whole animal (through the use of intermittent flight). Pectoralis muscle length trajectory and activity patterns were measured in vivo in the cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) at a range of flight speeds (0-16 m s(-1)) using sonomicrometry and electromyography.

Disentangling the attentional deficit in schizophrenia: pointers from schizotypy.

It has been argued that schizophrenia is associated with abnormalities in the allocation of attention, and that such abnormalities extend to members of the healthy population who are high in schizotypy; however, alternative interpretations of previous experimental evidence relating to this issue are possible. We present a learned irrelevance paradigm that provides a less equivocal measure of attentional processing during learning, and demonstrate a reliable reduction in learned irrelevance among healthy participants with high scores on a dimension of schizotypy corresponding to the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. These results support the suggestion that high schizotypy (and, by extension, schizophrenia) is associated with deficits in the appropriate allocation of attention.

The integrate model of emotion, thinking and self regulation: an application to the "paradox of aging".

This study was undertaken using the INTEGRATE Model of brain organization, which is based on a temporal continuum of emotion, thinking and self regulation. In this model, the key organizing principle of self adaption is the motivation to minimize danger and maximize reward. This principle drives brain organization across a temporal continuum spanning milliseconds to seconds, minutes and hours.

Disturbances in selective information processing associated with the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism: evidence from cognition, the P300 and fronto-hippocampal systems.

In this study, we examined whether the Met allele of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is associated with selective disruptions to task-relevant information processing. In 475 non-clinical participants for whom BDNF genotype status was determined we used the 'IntegNeuro' computerized battery of neuropsychological tests to assess cognitive performance, an auditory oddball task to elicit the P300 event-related potential (ERP) and, in smaller subsets of these subjects, high resolution structural MRI imaging to quantify fronto-hippocampal grey matter (n=161), and functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess fronto-hippocampal BOLD activation (n=37). Met/Met (MM) homozygotes had higher verbal recall errors, in the absence of differences in attention, executive function, verbal ability or sensori-motor function.