Publications by authors named "Charlotte Gilkison"
Serotype distribution of remaining invasive pneumococcal disease after extensive use of ten-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (the PSERENADE project): a global surveillance analysis.
Lancet Infect Dis
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), specifically PCV10 and PCV13, on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) globally, highlighting how these vaccines have reduced the prevalence of disease caused by vaccine-type serotypes after extensive use.
- It describes the methodology of data collection from various surveillance sites, which aimed to evaluate IPD cases that occurred five years after the vaccines were implemented, focusing on different age groups for analysis.
- Findings indicate significant differences in serotype distribution between PCV10 and PCV13 sites; notably, certain serotypes, such as 19A and serotype 3, were prevalent in specific age groups, signaling ongoing challenges in controlling
Background: In Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) PCV7 was introduced in 2008, then PCV10 in 2011 and PCV13 in 2014. In 2017 PCV10 was re-introduced, replacing PCV13. In the present study, we investigate the resultant rapidly changing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) epidemiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study compares the rates of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) between Australia and New Zealand from 2017 to 2021, focusing on the impact of different pneumococcal vaccines (PCV13 in Australia vs. PCV10 in NZ).
- - Findings reveal that while Australia has a lower overall IPD incidence, New Zealand has seen a significant increase in serotype 19A infections, especially among children, alongside higher IPD rates among Māori/Pacific peoples compared to Indigenous Australians.
- - The data suggests that New Zealand's switch to PCV13 in December 2022 aligns with the rising incidence of IPD caused by serotype 19A and highlights the need for tailored vaccination
Article Synopsis
- Serotype 1 (ST1) was a major cause of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), which include ST1 antigen.
- The PSERENADE project analyzed global data on ST1 IPD to assess the impact of PCV10/13 on disease rates, using advanced statistical methods.
- Results showed that after six years of using PCV10/13, there was a 95% reduction in ST1 IPD incidence across all age groups, but there is a need for more data from countries heavily affected by ST1 to improve the findings' applicability.
Background: In early 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, New Zealand implemented graduated, risk-informed national COVID-19 suppression measures aimed at disease elimination. We investigated their impacts on the epidemiology of the first wave of COVID-19 in the country and response performance measures.
Methods: We did a descriptive epidemiological study of all laboratory-confirmed and probable cases of COVID-19 and all patients tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in New Zealand from Feb 2 to May 13, 2020, after which time community transmission ceased.
Article Synopsis
- Kiribati has high rates of leprosy and has not met the WHO's elimination goals, prompting research into effective chemoprophylaxis strategies to reduce new cases in South Tarawa.
- The study used a model to simulate past leprosy controls and evaluated six different strategies for administering preventive treatment, highlighting that household chemoprophylaxis and mass treatment options were more effective than current methods.
- Findings indicate that a combination of targeted population-based and household chemoprophylaxis could control leprosy more effectively, which may also be applicable in other densely populated countries facing similar challenges.