Resurgence of wheat stem rust infections in western Europe: causes and how to curtail them.

Ten years ago, (black) stem rust - the most damaging of wheat (Triticum aestivum) rusts - re-emerged in western Europe. Disease incidences have since increased in scale and frequency. Here, we investigated the likely underlying causes and used those to propose urgently needed mitigating actions.

A review of sources of resistance to turnip yellows virus (TuYV) in species.

Turnip yellows virus (TuYV; previously known as beet western yellows virus) causes major diseases of species worldwide resulting in severe yield-losses in arable and vegetable crops. It has also been shown to reduce the quality of vegetables, particularly cabbage where it causes tip burn. Incidences of 100% have been recorded in commercial crops of winter oilseed rape () and vegetable crops (particularly ) in Europe.

Chromosome-scale genome sequence assemblies of the 'Autumn Bliss' and 'Malling Jewel' cultivars of the highly heterozygous red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) derived from long-read Oxford Nanopore sequence data.

Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is an economically valuable soft-fruit species with a relatively small (~300 Mb) but highly heterozygous diploid (2n = 2x = 14) genome. Chromosome-scale genome sequences are a vital tool in unravelling the genetic complexity controlling traits of interest in crop plants such as red raspberry, as well as for functional genomics, evolutionary studies, and pan-genomics diversity studies.

The devastating oomycete phytopathogen Phytophthora cactorum: Insights into its biology and molecular features.

Unlabelled: Phytophthora cactorum is one of the most economically important soilborne oomycete pathogens in the world. It infects more than 200 plant species spanning 54 families, most of which are herbaceous and woody species. Although traditionally considered to be a generalist, marked differences of P.

Identification of novel genetic regions associated with resistance to European canker in apple.

Background: European canker, caused by the fungal pathogen Neonectria ditissima, is an economically damaging disease in apple producing regions of the world - especially in areas with moderate temperatures and high rainfall. The pathogen has a wide host range of hardwood perennial species, causing trunk cankers, dieback and branch lesions in its hosts. Although apple scion germplasm carrying partial resistance to the disease has been described, little is still known of the genetic basis for this quantitative resistance.

Comparative Analysis of Host-Associated Variation in .

is often described as a generalist pathogen, with isolates causing disease in a range of plant species. It is the causative agent of two diseases in the cultivated strawberry, crown rot (CR; causing whole plant collapse) and leather rot (LR; affecting the fruit). In the cultivated apple, causes girdling bark rots on the scion (collar rot) and rootstock (crown rot), as well as necrosis of the fine root system (root rot) and fruit rots.

Draft Genome Sequence of the Strawberry Anthracnose Pathogen .

is a causal agent of strawberry anthracnose and a major economic pathogen of horticultural and ornamental crops worldwide. Here, we present an annotated draft genome sequence for a isolate previously used for transcriptomic analysis. The assembly totals 58.

Quantitative trait loci controlling resistance in the cultivated octoploid strawberry ( ).

The cultivated strawberry,   ( spp.) is the most economically important global soft fruit. , a water-borne oomycete causes economic losses in strawberry production globally.

Bioinformatic characterisation of the effector repertoire of the strawberry pathogen Phytophthora cactorum.

The oomycete pathogen Phytophthora cactorum causes crown rot, a major disease of cultivated strawberry. We report the draft genome of P. cactorum isolate 10300, isolated from symptomatic Fragaria x ananassa tissue.

Multiple copies of eukaryotic translation initiation factors in Brassica rapa facilitate redundancy, enabling diversification through variation in splicing and broad-spectrum virus resistance.

Recessive strain-specific resistance to a number of plant viruses in the Potyvirus genus has been found to be based on mutations in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and its isoform, eIF(iso)4E. We identified three copies of eIF(iso)4E in a number of Brassica rapa lines. Here we report broad-spectrum resistance to the potyvirus Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) due to a natural mechanism based on the mis-splicing of the eIF(iso)4E allele in some TuMV-resistant B.

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) is able to use alleles of both eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E from multiple loci of the diploid Brassica rapa.

Three copies of eIF4E and three copies of eIF(iso)4E have been identified and sequenced from a Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV)-susceptible, inbred, diploid Brassica rapa line, R-o-18. One of the copies of eIF4E lacked exons 2 and 3 and appeared to be a pseudogene. The two other copies of eIF4E and two of the three copies of eIF(iso)4E were isolated from a bacterial artificial chromosome library of R-o-18.