Knowledge and attitudes of adolescents towards the human microbiome and antibiotic resistance: a qualitative study.

Background: Antibiotic and dietary behaviour affect the human microbiome and influence antibiotic resistance development. Adolescents are a key demographic for influencing knowledge and behaviour change.

Objectives: To explore adolescents' knowledge and attitudes towards the microbiome and antibiotic resistance, and the capability, motivation and opportunity for educators to integrate microbiome teaching in schools.

Development and pilot evaluation of an educational programme on infection prevention and antibiotics with English and Scottish youth groups, informed by COM-B.

Background: The UK 5-year antimicrobial resistance (AMR) National Action Plan highlights the need to prevent community infections through education of children. Activities around infection prevention (IP) and antibiotics were piloted by UK youth groups in 2016-2018, prompting Public Health England (PHE) to develop a standardised programme. The aim of the study was to develop and pilot an educational programme on IP and antibiotics for use by community youth groups in the UK.

Effects of primary care C-reactive protein point-of-care testing on antibiotic prescribing by general practice staff: pragmatic randomised controlled trial, England, 2016 and 2017.

BackgroundC-reactive protein (CRP) testing can be used as a point-of-care test (POCT) to guide antibiotic use for acute cough.AimWe wanted to determine feasibility and effect of introducing CRP POCT in general practices in an area with high antibiotic prescribing for patients with acute cough and to evaluate patients' views of the test.MethodsWe used a McNulty-Zelen cluster pragmatic randomised controlled trial design in general practices in Northern England.

Is sharing the TARGET respiratory tract infection leaflet feasible in routine general practice to improve patient education and appropriate antibiotic use? A mixed methods study in England with patients and healthcare professionals.

Background: Patient education on treatment choices for common respiratory tract infections (RTIs) is important to encourage appropriate antibiotic use. Evidence shows that use of leaflets about RTIs can help reduce antibiotic prescribing. TARGET leaflets facilitate patient-clinician communication in consultations.

Young People's Knowledge of Antibiotics and Vaccinations and Increasing This Knowledge Through Gaming: Mixed-Methods Study Using e-Bug.

Background: e-Bug, led by Public Health England, educates young people about important topics: microbes, infection prevention, and antibiotics. Body Busters and Stop the Spread are 2 new e-Bug educational games.

Objective: This study aimed to determine students' baseline knowledge, views on the games, and knowledge improvement.

A mixed methods pilot of : A community education course on hygiene, self-care and antibiotics.

Background: e-Bug is an international health education resource which support World Health Organization (WHO) public health recommendations by educating young people about microbes, hygiene and antibiotics use. The e-Bug team collaborated with Kingfisher Treasure Seekers to develop a six-session course for community groups called covering: microbes; hygiene; antibiotic use; and self-care. A pilot was used to inform further development and evaluation.

Qualitative study to explore the views of general practice staff on the use of point-of-care C reactive protein testing for the management of lower respiratory tract infections in routine general practice in England.

Objectives: To explore the knowledge, skills, attitudes and beliefs of general practice staff about C reactive protein (CRP) point-of-care tests (POCTs) in routine general practice and associated barriers and facilitators to implementing it to improve the management of acute cough.

Design: A qualitative methodology including interviews and focus groups using the Com-B framework to understand individuals' behaviour to implement CRP POCT in routine general practice. Data were analysed inductively and then aligned to the Com-B framework.

A mixed-method evaluation of peer-education workshops for school-aged children to teach about antibiotics, microbes and hygiene.

Background: Delivering health topics in schools through peer education is known to be beneficial for all students involved. In this study, we have evaluated a peer-education workshop that aims to educate primary and secondary school students on hygiene, the spread of infection and antibiotics.

Methods: Four schools in south-west England, in a range of localities, took part in peer-education workshops, with students completing before, after and knowledge-retention questionnaires.

School Nurses' perspectives on the role of the school nurse in health education and health promotion in England: a qualitative study.

Background: The role of the school nurse is complex with many possible elements identified by previous research. The aim of this study is to understand perceptions of the role of the school nurse in order to support school nurses in the delivery of health education.

Methods: The study used an inductive, qualitative research design involving semi-structured interviews and focus groups.

Monitoring Web Site Usage of e-Bug: A Hygiene and Antibiotic Awareness Resource for Children.

Background: e-Bug is an educational resource which teaches children and young people about microbes, hygiene, infection, and prudent antibiotic use. The e-Bug resources are available in over 22 different languages and they are used widely across the globe. The resources can be accessed from the e-Bug website.