Chronic Pancreatitis Is Characterized by Elevated Circulating Periostin Levels Related to Intra-Pancreatic Fat Deposition.

Background: Periostin is a matricellular protein that induces fibrillogenesis and activates cell migration. It is overexpressed in common fibrotic diseases and is also associated with abdominal adiposity/ectopic fat phenotypes. The study aimed to investigate circulating levels of periostin in health and after an attack of pancreatitis, as well as their associations with abdominal adiposity/ectopic fat phenotypes.

Implications of Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on Ectopic Fat Deposition in Individuals After Pancreatitis.

Objectives: Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are established risk factors for pancreatitis. This study investigated the associations between tobacco smoking/alcohol consumption in people after an attack of pancreatitis and intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD), intrahepatic fat deposition (IHFD), and skeletal muscle (SMFD) fat deposition.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify IPFD, IHFD, and SMFD by 2 independent raters.

Reduced Skeletal Muscle Volume and Increased Skeletal Muscle Fat Deposition Characterize Diabetes in Individuals after Pancreatitis: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Background: Skeletal muscle has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes but it has never been investigated in diabetes after pancreatitis. The aim was to investigate the relationship between psoas muscle volume (PMV) and diabetes in individuals after pancreatitis, as well as its associations with ectopic fat phenotypes and insulin traits.

Methods: Individuals after an attack of pancreatitis and healthy individuals were studied in a cross-sectional fashion.

Associations Between Cannabis Use, Abdominal Fat Phenotypes and Insulin Traits.

Background: General obesity has been linked to dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system in humans. However, there is a lack of studies on the relationship between cannabis use and specific abdominal fat phenotypes. The aim was to investigate the associations between cannabis use and magnetic resonance imaging-derived fat phenotypes, as well as indices of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion.

Trajectories of glycaemia following acute pancreatitis: a prospective longitudinal cohort study with 24 months follow-up.

Background: New-onset diabetes is the most common sequela of acute pancreatitis (AP). Yet, prospective changes in glycaemia over time have never been investigated comprehensively in this study population. The primary aim was to determine the cumulative incidence of new-onset prediabetes and new-onset diabetes after AP over 24 months of follow-up in a prospective cohort study.

Oxyntomodulin May Distinguish New-Onset Diabetes After Acute Pancreatitis From Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: New-onset diabetes is an important sequela of acute pancreatitis, but there are no biomarkers to differentiate it from the much more common type 2 diabetes. The objective was to investigate whether postprandial circulating levels of gut hormones can serve this purpose.

Methods: This was a case-control study nested into a prospective longitudinal cohort study that included 42 insulin-naive cases with new-onset prediabetes/diabetes after acute pancreatitis (NODAP) and prediabetes/diabetes followed by acute pancreatitis (T2D-AP), sex matched with 21 healthy controls.

Psoas muscle size as a magnetic resonance imaging biomarker of progression of pancreatitis.

Objective: Pancreatitis often represents a continuous inflammatory process, from the first episode of acute pancreatitis (FAP) to recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) to chronic pancreatitis (CP). Psoas muscle size is a validated surrogate for global skeletal mass, changes in which are associated with inflammation. The objective was to investigate psoas muscle size in individuals following FAP, RAP, and CP, as well as its associations with pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Circulating levels of lipocalin-2 are associated with fatty pancreas but not fatty liver.

Lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), a peptide with diverse expression pattern, has been identified as a biomarker of various diseases as well as a factor contributing to inflammatory responses associated with excess adiposity and ensuing metabolic disorders. Although the inter-relationship between LCN-2 and excess adiposity is increasingly recognized, little is known about the inter-relationship between LCN-2 and ectopic fat deposition. The present study aimed to investigate the associations between LCN-2 and fatty pancreas as well as fatty liver.